Reading Activity Week #2 (Due Monday)

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Please go to the following blog page:

http://www.psychologicalscience.com/bmod/abcs.html

Please read sections 1.1 (ABC's of Behavior Modification) and 1.2 (Contingencies: Reinforcement & Punishment).

Next review the grading rubric:

http://www.psychologicalscience.com/bmod/grading.html

Next, please respond to the following questions. Please keep the numbering intact as we can give you more credit for organization. And keep in mind that the "Why?" and "How so?" questions are the most important to elaborate on.

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

Let us know if you have any questions,

--Dr. M

277 Comments

KRF
Section 1.1-
1. One thing I really liked about this section is that it gave a broad overview of what behavior modification is about. It wasn't confusing, but it gave good details. It gave a good starting basis on what we'll continue to learn.
2. What I liked least was there was never a definition of antecedent given, which would have been nice to have for review for some students. Other than that I really can't pick out to much I didn't like.
3. Three things I will remember from the section is the antecedent can play a huge part in a scene. Like how they compared to being at a funeral compared to being at a party. That can really affect a situation or behavior. Another thing I will remember is how much consequences can effect a person. If a person is laughed at in a good way, they will probably continue the behavior. If the person is laughed at in a negative way, they will probably not repeat that behavior. This stuck with me because this will be a huge part of behavior modification. What I will also remember is just in general the ABC's. That stuck with me pretty well and remembering that will benefit me later in the class when it starts getting more in depth.
Section 1.2-
4. What I really liked about this section was that it talked about how even negative reinforcement can work for us. Using the example removing a splinter really helped me understand what negative reinforcement was.
5. What I disliked was eventually how I got confused with the differences of reinforcement, reinforcer, punisher, and punishment. At some points I got the details of them mixed up in the examples talked about.
6. Three things I will remember from the section is how there is deliberate reinforcement, and naturally occurring reinforcement. The terms positive valence and negative valence also stuck with me. The examples like ice cream in the section really helped me understand how those terms work. What else I will remember is negative punishment. Negative punishment is what I would normally think of when it comes to altering behavior, such as taking a car away for speeding.
7. Prior to the readings, I thought of behavior modification as a very simple subject. Such as taking a dog's toy away for misbehaving or praising them by giving them a treat. I thought it was about simple manipulation used on someone.
8. Reading these sections has changed what I thought because it's show me behavior modification more in depth. The sections showed me the steps that go into modification. It also went into more depth on all the different ways you can alter behaviors. It also talked about natural occurring reinforcement or punishment which I have not ever really thought about before.
9. ABC's of modification, behavior modification, antecedent, consequence, behavior, negative reinforcement, reinforcer, punisher, punishment, positive valence, negative valence.

DKO

One thing that I really liked about this section was the way it broke down the ABC's and really explained them in depth. I really liked this because it made understanding the ABC's really simple and straight forward. It also made it possible to see that they can come in different orders and how each category affects the other.

One thing that I liked the least were the examples that were used when the ABC's were broken down. I almost thought they were too simple and it made me wonder if with more complex situations using the ABC's would be more difficult.

Three things that I will remember from reading this section will definitely be what the ABC's stand for: Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. Secondly, I will remember that the Antecedent usually has the biggest impact on what the behavior and consequence will be because it can be said that the environment can set the behavior. Thirdly, I will remember that the Consequence can always relate back to the Antecedent. I feel that I will remember these three concepts the most because they seemed to be three things that were reiterated frequently throughout section 1.1

One thing that I really like about this section again was how it broke down each concept into diagrams and into its own part. This makes understanding the concepts a lot easier and remembering it much more likely.

The thing that I liked the least about this section was not being able to use “positive” and “negative” for valence since those words already have their own specific meaning in behavior. I think I liked this the least just because it will be something that will be difficult to avoid doing.

One thing that I will remember from this chapter is that for both reinforcement and punishment each has their noun, verb, and adjective and we need to try our best to not interchange and these and mix these up. A second concept that I will remember is the idea that reinforcing is wanting a behavior to continue to happen in the future and punishing is wanting behavior to happen less in the future. Lastly and what I thought was one of the most important points is that reinforcement can include something aversive and punishment can include something pleasurable. I feel that I will remember these concepts the most because they were some of the most important and most prevalent concepts discussed throughout this section.

Prior to reading these sections I never really thought about breaking our behavior down into the ABC’s or Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences. Now knowing this really puts every decision we make into a new light. However, when it comes to reinforcement and punishment nothing really surprised me that much as I had seen most of those concepts in Motivation and Emotion.

This section has changed some ideas that I had previously thought about behavior modification especially when it comes to our environments and behaviors. However, like I said before quite a bit of what was discussed I have seen before in previously classes.

Terms: ABC’s, antecedents, behaviors, consequences, valence, positive, negative, pleasurable, aversive, punishment, reinforcement


VEB
1. I really liked the question that asked our feelings about manipulating behavior and whether it is a good thing or a bad thing. Personally I believe it depends on the intention behind the manipulation. If you are manipulating someone’s behavior for a good reason, like getting someone to stop smoking, then the intention is good and to help them, but if the intention of manipulating someone’s behavior is for selfish reasons then it is a bad thing. This question really made me think about my belief on behavior modification, and I like that it challenged that and made me think.
2. I disliked the implication that if we can control the antecedents and consequences then we can control behavior. I do not believe that it is that simple or I don’t want to believe that it is that simple. This implication makes us seem as though we are just robots that can be manipulated easily. I want to believe that human behavior is infinitely more complicated than controlling for just the antecedents and the consequences. On the other hand, given the complex nature of such broad words as antecedents and consequences, it is possible that if you could entirely control for them that behavior manipulation would be much simpler.
3. Three things I will remember from the section and the reasons are: (1) the ABCs stand for antecedent, behavior, consequence because they were stressed so heavily (2) in theory if you were able to control for the antecedents and consequences you could manipulate behavior with ease because it seemed outrageous at first, but in reality it makes a lot of sense (3) controlling the antecedent sets the occasion for a behavior to occur while controlling the consequence changes the likelihood that the behavior will occur again in the future with the same antecedents because it is such a simple concept but one of immense power
4. I liked that there were so many chances to test my knowledge as I was reading because it gave me an opportunity to figure out if I had actually learned as I was reading, and if I hadn’t I could go back a short section to make sure I learned it better.
5. I also disliked that there were so many boxes that needed to be filled in because that meant that it took a lot more time to complete each section of the reading.
6. Three things I will remember from this section and my reasons are: (1) the difference between reinforcement, reinforce and reinforcing and the same with punishment because it was repeated so often (2) the difference between positive and negative as used in everyday language as opposed to their use in behavior modification because it is a concept that I learned in Intro to Psych but that was reinforced in reading this section (3) what self-reinforcement is because it is a topic that is so relevant to everyday life especially in staying motivated in school.
7. Prior to reading these sections I thought behavior modification was more often for selfish means and manipulative in the sleezy sense of the word rather than something that happens so often in our everyday lives.
8. I now realize that behavior modification can be used for helpful reasons just as easily as it can for harmful or selfish reasons and it is used so often in everyday life, but the uses that get associated with behavior modification are often the much larger modifications rather than every tiny little modification of behaviors.
Terms used in this post: antecedents, consequences, reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing, punishment, self-reinforcement, positive and negative

JMM

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I think the most interesting thing that I read was how by controlling the environment we can control other people’s behaviors. It’s weird when you actually think about certain behaviors that they are largely controlled by the actions of other people. It is also interesting how most of the time we are unaware of the control unless we actually stop to think about it. Even something small like when someone lets you go in front of them in a line is them manipulating your behavior. You can choose not to, but yet you still had to answer them or acknowledge them, and they have set up a situation that you have to decide to respond to in some way. Without you even realizing, this person has manipulated your behaviors. That is so interesting to me and when you break it down into such simple terms it makes you wonder if changing other people’s behaviors is as difficult as it always seems.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I honestly felt that all of the information was simple but educational and extremely interesting. However, I would say that the discussion about social cues and how that may change our behavior was probably what I liked least simply because that is something I already know. It is no real mystery that social norms play a big role in our behaviors.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I learned that knowing the antecedent and the consequence can make a behavior fairly predictable. I also will remember that the environment has a strong impact on our behaviors. The third thing is that once we can control the antecedent and the consequence we can begin to control the behaviors. These three things are very interesting to me because I think being able to control what other people are doing is fascinating and could be extremely helpful. In my mind I just think that if being good at controlling behaviors was a more popular skill and used positively, we might be able to really change things in the world. I also think these skills would come in extremely handy at my job and I have already used different wording of questions in order to try and manipulate the kids that I work with. I am just very interested in our brains and how we react to different things and how powerful they can be if we utilize them correctly!

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked the discussion about natural reinforcement. It’s interesting to me how we can manipulate other people’s behavior by doing natural things such as smiling. Unless a person is having a really bad day, when you smile at them they are likely to return the smile. This happens even if they are a complete stranger. Another interesting one is if you’re driving and you wave at a passing car. Many times when someone waves at you your automatic response is to wave back. If you’re like me, you actually get upset if you don’t react in time for them to see that you returned the gesture. I find natural responses fascinating because we often do them without ever even thinking or considering why we react that way.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn’t really enjoy learning about valence. It seemed a bit redundant and I feel like so often they use different words to describe practically the same thing. It was nice to read about and be made aware of but compared to the other material it wasn’t nearly as interesting.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember natural responses in punishers and reinforcers because I think that natural responses are extremely interesting. I will also remember the effectiveness of deliberate reinforcement in order to try and change someone’s behavior. For instance, praising someone when they have a positive behavior so that they might continue to do that. I also found the small part about self-reinforcement to be very interesting. In the first section I talked about how awesome it is that I can manipulate and attempt to control an environment which leads to changing behaviors. However, self-reinforcement could make that more difficult. If I am trying to get a friend to stop smoking and I try to manipulate the environment but my friend thinks that smoking makes them look cool so they change their behaviors to smoke more often in public then my manipulation may not be effective. There are more parts to controlling the environment/behaviors than it first seems.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I wasn’t sure what to expect from behavior modification. I guess I thought that we would probably be talking about classical and operant conditioning and how to come up with tricky ways to make people change their behaviors.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these sections it seems that really changing behaviors isn’t nearly as difficult as setting up an entire experiment and constantly reinforcing the proper behaviors until they eventually do what we want. I now know that changing the environment is probably the single most important part of manipulating someone’s behavior. We have so much more control than I ever really thought we did.

Terminology:
Behavior, manipulation, social cues, social norms, antecedent, consequence, natural responses, reinforcement, punishment, valence, self-reinforcement, behavior modification

AMC
1.I like learning about how if you knew the antecedent and consequence it was easy to predict the behavior. I also really liked all of the boxes with the examples. This made it a lot easier to see the relationship between the ABC’s. The examples also showed how easy it can be to predict behaviors when giving the antecedent and consequence.

2.The thing that I liked the least in this section was how all of the examples were really simple. I think that there could have been one or two examples of a more complex behavior.

3.I will remember the antecedent, behavior and consequence make up the ABC’s of behavior modification. I will remember these because the first letter of each word makes ABC. Using just the first letters of each word makes them easier to remember.

4.The one thing I really liked in this section was learning about reinforcement. I liked learning about how these can be used to change a behavior. I also found it interesting that reinforcements can also involve undesirable things.

5.I did not like learning the difference between reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. I didn’t like learning about this because the words are so similar and hard to keep apart in my mind.

6.Three things that I will remember are reinforcement increases the behavior, punishment decreases the behavior and reinforcement and punishment both can involve desirable and undesirable things. I will remember these because I learned about them in my intro to psych class.

7.My first thoughts about behavior modification was classical conditioning and rewards and punishments. I thought this because that is what I had been taught in previous psychology classes.

8.Reading these sections has not changed my prior thoughts about behavior modification because I already had a basic understanding due to prior classes.

9.Terms used: antecedent, behavior, behavior modification, consequence, reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing.

AMC
1.I like learning about how if you knew the antecedent and consequence it was easy to predict the behavior. I also really liked all of the boxes with the examples. This made it a lot easier to see the relationship between the ABC’s. The examples also showed how easy it can be to predict behaviors when giving the antecedent and consequence.

2.The thing that I liked the least in this section was how all of the examples were really simple. I think that there could have been one or two examples of a more complex behavior.

3.I will remember the antecedent, behavior and consequence make up the ABC’s of behavior modification. I will remember these because the first letter of each word makes ABC. Using just the first letters of each word makes them easier to remember.

4.The one thing I really liked in this section was learning about reinforcement. I liked learning about how these can be used to change a behavior. I also found it interesting that reinforcements can also involve undesirable things.

5.I did not like learning the difference between reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. I didn’t like learning about this because the words are so similar and hard to keep apart in my mind.

6.Three things that I will remember are reinforcement increases the behavior, punishment decreases the behavior and reinforcement and punishment both can involve desirable and undesirable things. I will remember these because I learned about them in my intro to psych class.

7.My first thoughts about behavior modification was classical conditioning and rewards and punishments. I thought this because that is what I had been taught in previous psychology classes.

8.Reading these sections has not changed my prior thoughts about behavior modification because I already had a basic understanding due to prior classes.

9.Terms used: antecedent, behavior, behavior modification, consequence, reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing.

DLB
Please read sections 1.1 (ABC's of Behavior Modification) and 1.2 (Contingencies: Reinforcement & Punishment)
Please fill out the boxes in the readings you may be quizzed on them in class.
After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that this section used multiple examples. I liked this because I learn better by repetition, and having many examples helped me to understand what each antecedent, behavior, and consequences were. I also liked that this section discussed what behavior modification was in simple terms. It helps to be able to grasp the concept and then add to it, like this section did.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t something that I disliked. I think that the section made it seem like we could control behavior if we control the ABC’s than we could control behavior. I believe that we cannot always control the antecedent or the consequence, and therefore cannot always control behavior.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember that ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence because that was the main emphasis of the section. It is important to know because it is about behavior and how our behavior can be shaped.
b. The antecedent sets the foundation for the environment, and it affects the consequence of the behavior. I will remember this because it is important. The example of telling a joke at a party verses the funeral shows how important the antecedent is.
c. The consequence is related to the antecedent, and that helps to shape the behavior. I will remember this due to the joke example. If at a party and you tell a joke then the consequence will be laughing. The consequence relates back to the antecedent, the response would be negative if at a funeral.
I will remember all three of these things because they are the main emphasis of the chapter and they all relate to how behavior is modified.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how the section defined what each term was, and then allowed us to write down examples. I liked this because it allowed me to test my knowledge and understanding. If I did not get something then I was able to go back a reread to try to better understand.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I did not dislike anything is this section but I disliked how I became confused. I was more confused on the differentiation of reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, as well as punishment, punisher, and punishing. I was able to understand it when it was broke up, but applying it was a little difficult for me.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember that a punishment is not always bad. Punishment is a way to decrease the behavior, and because you want to take away a behavior it’s called punishment.
b. Reinforcers can occur naturally. The example gave is that someone smiled at you so you smiled back. I will remember this because I have a lot of behavior that was reinforced naturally.
c. I will remember the terms positive and negative valence. Valence is the value placed on something. If we like it that it is positive and if we do not like it, it is negative.
I will remember all of these because they play a big role in behavior modification, and how reinforcement and punishment are used in behavior modification.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections I thought behavior modification was something that we conducted onto people and animals. Like Pavlov with classical conditioning, or cognitive behavioral therapy. I did not open my mind up to the fact that we all reinforce our behaviors every day.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections changed what I thought because it expanded the idea of behavior modification. It did this because of how we reinforce behaviors of smiling, telling jokes, where we going shopping, and to wear a coat if it is cold. I never thought that grabbing a coat was something I did because my behavior was modified. These two sections gave the examples that behavior modification happens every day and outside of a lab or therapy room.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABC’s of behavior, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcer, punishment, punisher, punishing, positive valence, negative valence

EDM

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The thing I enjoyed most in this section was how simply the ABC’s were put and the examples that were given for each. It helped explain in a very clear way the basic principles of behavioral modification and how it controls our daily lives whether we recognize it or not.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed everything that was written in this section but I would have liked more light shed on the antecedent factor. All the examples given were from locations and I understand how the antecedent works in relation to the ABC components, I am just confused if it can be more than just a setting.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will definitely remember that emitting behavior is “doing” behavior and eliciting behavior is “bringing it out.” Those were definitions I have never had clarified so now that I know for sure which is which I will make sure to remember them. I also will remember that the same behavior may have multiple functions dependent on the antecedent and consequence.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed the number of activities in this section. It may have made it a longer read than 1.1 but it allowed me to understand the differences between punishment and reinforcement better when I made my own examples.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The section I liked the least was about the positive and negative valences because they seemed like very simple and obvious concepts. I understand why they are put in the section and have a better understanding of them now they just seemed too simple.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the differences between punishment and reinforcement better due to all of the examples given. I now know that positive and negative has set meanings within behavioral modification and that I will need to keep them in mind. The third thing I will remember is how the antecedent and the consequence can influence each other.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to taking this class I had very little interaction with behavioral modification from other psychology classes. The extent I thought of behavioral modification was Pavlov’s dogs and training rats to pull a lever for food. I understand now that I had a very small understanding of the real world applications of this subject.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Reading these sections has showed me that behavioral modification is not just about a person punishing or reinforcing the behavior of another. It can be an individual interacting with the environment and with themselves through self-reinforcement.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, ABC components, emit, elicit, functions, punishment, reinforcement, valences, self-reinforcement.


DLB
Please read sections 1.1 (ABC's of Behavior Modification) and 1.2 (Contingencies: Reinforcement & Punishment)
Please fill out the boxes in the readings you may be quizzed on them in class.
After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that this section used multiple examples. I liked this because I learn better by repetition, and having many examples helped me to understand what each antecedent, behavior, and consequences were. I also liked that this section discussed what behavior modification was in simple terms. It helps to be able to grasp the concept and then add to it, like this section did.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t something that I disliked. I think that the section made it seem like we could control behavior if we control the ABC’s than we could control behavior. I believe that we cannot always control the antecedent or the consequence, and therefore cannot always control behavior.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember that ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence because that was the main emphasis of the section. It is important to know because it is about behavior and how our behavior can be shaped.
b. The antecedent sets the foundation for the environment, and it affects the consequence of the behavior. I will remember this because it is important. The example of telling a joke at a party verses the funeral shows how important the antecedent is.
c. The consequence is related to the antecedent, and that helps to shape the behavior. I will remember this due to the joke example. If at a party and you tell a joke then the consequence will be laughing. The consequence relates back to the antecedent, the response would be negative if at a funeral.
I will remember all three of these things because they are the main emphasis of the chapter and they all relate to how behavior is modified.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how the section defined what each term was, and then allowed us to write down examples. I liked this because it allowed me to test my knowledge and understanding. If I did not get something then I was able to go back a reread to try to better understand.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I did not dislike anything is this section but I disliked how I became confused. I was more confused on the differentiation of reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, as well as punishment, punisher, and punishing. I was able to understand it when it was broke up, but applying it was a little difficult for me.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember that a punishment is not always bad. Punishment is a way to decrease the behavior, and because you want to take away a behavior it’s called punishment.
b. Reinforcers can occur naturally. The example gave is that someone smiled at you so you smiled back. I will remember this because I have a lot of behavior that was reinforced naturally.
c. I will remember the terms positive and negative valence. Valence is the value placed on something. If we like it that it is positive and if we do not like it, it is negative.
I will remember all of these because they play a big role in behavior modification, and how reinforcement and punishment are used in behavior modification.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections I thought behavior modification was something that we conducted onto people and animals. Like Pavlov with classical conditioning, or cognitive behavioral therapy. I did not open my mind up to the fact that we all reinforce our behaviors every day.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections changed what I thought because it expanded the idea of behavior modification. It did this because of how we reinforce behaviors of smiling, telling jokes, where we going shopping, and to wear a coat if it is cold. I never thought that grabbing a coat was something I did because my behavior was modified. These two sections gave the examples that behavior modification happens every day and outside of a lab or therapy room.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABC’s of behavior, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcer, punishment, punisher, punishing, positive valence, negative valence

JLG
1)I liked how this section helped describe exactly what the ABC’s of behavior modification are and gave examples of each. It was extremely thorough and direct without being hard to read. Along with describing what each one was, it was nice to see the different relationships between the consequence and antecedent and being able to predict the behavior with those two things.
2)The thing I liked least was the examples being too clean cut. It was nice to see what goes on with a simple example, but it would have been nice to deal with other examples ranging in complexity because those are more real life situations.
3)Three things I will remember will be that when you know the antecedent and the consequence, it is a lot easier to predict the behavior because the possibilities are narrowed down, that the environment greatly impacts the behavior and will be a predictor of whether it will happen again or not in that same environment (like getting a sour look at a funeral for telling a joke), and that the ABC’s aren’t linear, but that they are connected with a feedback loop and that loop doesn’t go away because the relationship is always there. I’ll remember that because it’s important to know that the ABC’s affect each component and not just the one right after the other.
4)One thing I really liked in this section was how much it went over the differences between reinforcement and punishment on each page and the different areas within each concept. By the last page I had it drilled in my mind and filling in the boxes on my own was a different way to help remember it and instill it as well. If there was a box I encountered that I was a little confused on, I didn’t have to search through the whole section to find it again because it continuously repeated the definitions.
5)What I disliked was all the different names like reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. They are so similar that it is hard to keep track of what each one is and I would have to double check to make sure that I had them right. It also got a little confusing when reinforcement could have something aversive and vice versa with punishment.
6)Three things I will remember from this section are that reinforcement and punishment each have their own noun and adjective. This is important because each one has a different use and they don’t just mean the same thing. I will also remember that using the terms positive valence and negative valence are used in everyday language and different terms like pleasurable and aversive are used with behavior modification because it’s important to know the correct terminology when referring to this topic. The third thing I will remember is that when a behavior is reinforcing, that behavior will most likely happen again, and when the consequence of a behavior is punishing the likelihood of it happening again decreases because this is something I can use every day and it is always around me.
7)Prior to this, I didn’t know much about behavior modification but just by looking at the words themselves I thought it was changing or manipulating a behavior to get a desired outcome. Now I see that the outcome isn’t always a desirable one and it can go either way.
8)This changed what I thought because it gave me a lot more terminology that I never knew went with behavior modification, and it showed me it is a more complex process than what I had pictured. I also noticed that a reinforcement doesn’t always have to have something pleasurable and a punishment doesn’t always have to have something aversive.
9)The terms are reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, valence, self-reinforcement, pleasurable, aversive, ABC’s of behavior modification, reinforcement procedure, negative punishment, positive, negative

Please go to the following blog page:
http://www.psychologicalscience.com/bmod/abcs.html
Please read sections 1.1 (ABC's of Behavior Modification) and 1.2 (Contingencies: Reinforcement & Punishment)
Please fill out the boxes in the readings you may be quizzed on them in class.
After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked in this section was how behavior modification was laid out in ABC. This was easy for me to understand and helped lay format of behavior in a way that I never heard of before.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Something I liked the least was the idea when we can control antecedents and consequences, we can start to control our behaviors. The only thing that was hard for me to accept is that we can’t always control our environment. For example, I signed a lease to live with two other people for a year, and as much as I can try to reinforce or punish their behaviors, doesn’t mean that they are going to stop doing or not doing certain behaviors.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things that I will remember are: how important the antecedent is, similar behaviors can have different functions, and the ABCs of behavior modification. I will remember how important the antecedent from the various examples throughout the reading such as making a joke at a party and making a joke at a funeral will lead to very different consequences. Also, similar behaviors can have different functions as the examples such as raising one’s hand in a classroom is very different than raising one’s hand at an auction as in the classroom that behavior is signaling to the teacher that you want to be called on and raising your hand at an auction is placing a bid on something. Finally, since the book put behavior modification in ABCs, it made it easy for me to remember antecedent, behavior, and change.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing I really liked in this section was the idea of self-reinforcement. I enjoyed this because after reading about how behavior can be manipulated a lot by others it was self-reinforcement plays a key role in reinforcement or punishment even when it doesn’t necessarily go with what others would prefer. For example, telling jokes over and over even though no one really laughs at them.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t anything that I didn’t like in this section but the idea that both reinforcement and punishment involve consequence and behavior is something I have learned before in other psychology classes so it was not as interesting to read about.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things I will remember are: both reinforcement and punishment involve consequence and behavior, reinforcement increases the frequency of behavior, and that punishment decreases the frequency of behavior. As I mentioned above, I have learned in other psychology classes, I have learned that both reinforcement and punishment involve consequence and behavior so that will be easy for me to remember. Also, since I have experience with learning about reinforcement and punishment, I will remember that reinforcement tends to be something that you want repeated and punishment is something that you want to stop repeating.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections I always thought of behavior modification as something that is supposed to help people change their ways in order to benefit their lives. I always thought of this association with people in more extreme cases such as drug addicts or people that are obese and need to loose weight since that is what I am exposed to in the media.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
This helped me change my idea of behavior modification as it gave a lot of examples of changing behavior in everyday life and how manipulation- while it sounds weird and unethical doesn’t always mean it is a bad thing.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABCs of behavior modification, antecedents, consequences, behavior, reinforcement, punishment, and self-reinforcement.

KEM

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really like the explanation of what behavior modification is. It gave lot of details that helped me understand it.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I disliked some of the examples of the ABC's of behavior. Some where overly simplistic.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
1- what the ABC's stood for- Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence because they where explained in detail repeatedly
2-that the consequence is related to the antecedent, and that it helps to shape the behavior. Because of the example given about telling a joke
3. that by knowing what the antecedent and consequence are you can predict what behavior will occur because of the examples that where given

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I like the activities with punishment and reinforcement i felt by having to stop and do them i will be able to remember them better.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn't dislike anything.the definitions for reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing,and punishment, punisher, and punishing where kind of confusing but having to stop and do activities i think helped me.


6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
1- what reinforcement and punishment are because they both where explained very well
2- that punishment is not always bad. It can be used to control an unwanted behavior
3- what positive and negative valences are. Positive valance is something we think is good. Negative valence is something we think of as bad

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections i thought behavior modification was just something we controlled like when we try to stop a bad habit like smoking i didn't think of how we use it everyday

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I now realize that behavior modification is happening all the time to us and by us. That by changing even little things we can control how people respond.

9) ABC's of behavior, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Punishment, Reinforcement, Punisher, Punishin, Reinforce, Reinforcing, Valance, Positive, Negative

HAR
1a&b) One thing I liked or found interesting from this section was the fact that they pointed out that you really only notice the consequences of something when it is different than you expect. You don't really think about everything you do having a consequence because some outcomes become normal to you. I found this interesting because it made me stop and think about a lot small actions that have consequences that i don't always notice on a day to day basis.
2) There wasn't really anything I disliked. I think all the information provided was really helpful and interesting. I did think thought that they could have provided a few more complex examples that furthered the knowledge of the reader
3a,b&c) I really liked how they pointed out that environment makes a huge different on the outcome. The party versus the funeral example was a great example of this. I also like that they pointed out that manipulation is not always a bad thing. I think that most people when they hear the word immediately think of it in a negative way, even though that is not always the case.I will also definitely remember the ABCs because it was emphasized so much in the section
4)I liked how manipulating your own behaviors can also manipulate other peoples behaviors. I found this interesting because you don't always think about it in those terms but it is definitely true when you do stop and think about it.
5) I disliked that they used such similar terms (reniforcer, reinforcing and reinforcement). It became a little confusing to distinguish between them at certain times in the section.
6ab&c)One thing I will remember from this section is the definition and use of reinforcement and punishment because it was used so often throughout the section and they gave good examples. Another thing I will remember is the definition and examples of natural reinforcement and punishment. Things like smiling and getting a smile back from someone (natural reinforcement) or going outside and it being cold and you going back inside (natural punishment)
7) Prior to reading this I didn't really think about behavior modification in depth, like using the ABC's. And I also didn't really think about how everything we do has an outcome whether we are aware of it or not
8) After reading these sections it changed the way I thought about how manipulating your own behaviors affects more than just yourself
9)outcome, reinforcement, punishment, ABCs of behavior modification,negative, positive

DRM
1) One thing I particularly liked about section 1.1 is that it gave a general overview of behavior modification in a way that was clear and concise. It laid the information out simply in a way that suggested it will not always be so simple, but a good way to be introduced.
2) The one thing I liked least about the section was the boxes with the examples because I felt they were too simplistic. I would have gotten more out of the examples if they were more realistic. Behavior and consequences in real life are not always that easy.
3)One thing I will remember from section 1.1 is that there is a great correlation between the antecedent and the consequence. Given the consequence, the appropriate behavior is easy to figure out. I will remember this because it makes sense in a real life context. If I knew what consequences related to every behavior I took, life would be much simpler. Another thing I will remember from this section is the change in vocab from positive or negative to pleasurable and aversive. I will remember this because I thought this vocabulary was creative and new to me in a behavior mod context. One other fact I will remember is the ABC's of Behavior Modification(antecedent, behavior, and consequence) and that they are not always a linear process.
4) One thing I liked the most about section 1.2 is how they compared and contrasted punishment and reinforcement. I thought that was a good way to make clear the differences in a way that was not to confusing.
5) I again, however, did not like the examples. I thought they were too simplistic, especially when giving examples of reinforcement vs. punishment both desirable and aversive. I also did not like how the author kept stating whether the word was a noun, verb, etc. I feel as college students we should be able to infer that knowledge.
6) One thing I will remember from this section is that reinforcing will cause behavior to increase while punishing will cause certain behavior to decrease. I will remember this because it was the main difference between the two. I will also remember valence as being psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing because that was a new vocabulary word to me. I will also remember self-reinforcement because I had never heard of this term in past psychology classes in relation to behavior modification.
7)Prior to reading these sections I thought of behavior modification as operant and classical conditioning due to prior psychology and sociology classes. I also thought of it as a more complex concept, but the introduction was very simple and laid out nicely.
8) Reading these sections changed my view on behavior modification because it gave me a lot more terminology and terms that I had never heard of before. Also, although the examples were very simple, it made me realize that behavior modification can be something as simple as banging on a locked door because its cold outside. Not everything to do with changing behavior has to be so complex.
9) The terms I used were: Behavior Modification, consequence, antecedent, positive/negative, pleasurable/aversive, ABC's of Behavior Modification, punishment, reinforcement, valence, and self-reinforcement.

NMC
1.) Something I really liked about this section was the diagrams. The reading gave a very good description of the ABC's of behavior modification, but doing the diagrams by myself and working on examples given broke it down and gave me an even better understanding of Antecedents, Behavior, and Consequence.
2.) Something I dislike about the section was that it seemed to make modifying behavior seem too simple. I think there are more factors than just the ABC's. For example, If I controled the setting in which I ask my younger sister if I can borrow something, the outcome I desire will most likely not occur.
3.) One thing I will remember from this section is that the ABC's of behavior modification happen whether we intend them to or not. When I think of behavior modification, I think of purposely changing behavior for a pleasurable outcome. However, behavior changes can occur even if that is not the intent. Something else I will remember from this section is that the antecedent can drastically change the consequence, even if the behavior remains the same. It's all about location, location, location... Lastly, I will remember that a certain behavior can mean different things when done in certain places. (Such as the raised hand example at an auction or in a classroom.)
4.) Something that I really liked in this section was (again) the diagrams and examples given. I like that it is put into simple terms, and then we are given a chance to test ourselves to see if we are actually understanding as we go along.
5.) The thing I liked least in this section, was the significant amount of boxes to fill in. I liked the diagrams and examples and chances to test ourselves, but the amount of boxes to write 3 different examples felt a little excessive to me.
6.) One thing I will remember from this section is that all behaviors have consequences. Secondly, I will remember that desirable outcomes are called reinforcers and that aversive outcomes are punishers. I will also remember that there is a strong relationship between the antecedent and the consequence.
7.) I think that before reading these sections I thought of behavior modification as being manipulative in a cruel way and that it was mostly used in that way. I saw it this way because generally, manipulation is seen in an extremely negative light.
8.) Reading these sections has helped me remember all the ways that behavior modification can be useful and that it isn't always cruel and mean. You can help someone stop biting their nails or lips if they want to stop. The readings have definitely reminded me how beneficial it can be.
9.) Behavior Modification, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcers, Aversive, Punishers, Pleasurable

1.) I liked the way it broke down the ABCs of behavior modification, because I know can remember the words antecedent, behavior, and consequence better and that the order is not always linear.

2.) What I liked least was that the section did not go into as much detail on manipulation as I would like, but look forward to that for the future readings.

3.) One thing I will remember is what the ABCs stand for since using acronyms usually help memorization. Secondly, what I will remember are the examples since they are easy to remember. Thirdly, I will remember instead of using the words positive and negative, use the words pleasurable and aversive since that is something new I learned.

4.) I liked learning more about valence and when it is undesirable and pleasurable, because it was something new I didn't know was a person's value placed on a person, place, or thing.

5.) What I liked least were the examples that were used since I would like even more examples since it helps the learning process, but did like that they are relevant to college life situations.

6.) Three things I will remember are the words reinforcement and punishment, the chart of verb, noun, and adjective, and self-reinforcement because these things interest me and what I want to learn more about.

7.) I always thought behavior modification was just simply modifying the behaviors of myself and others to what we desire since it is innate to look out for ourselves first and are selfish beings. Now I know there is so much more to it than that.

8.) The terms helped me change my idea of behavior modification and also the examples that are relevant to everyday life. With these things I know it is more complex than I thought and there are many terms that mean different things to achieve different outcomes.

9.) The terms I used were ABCs, behavior modification, reinforcement, punishment, self-reinforcement, valence, pleasurable, aversive, undesirable, verb, noun, adjective, antecedent, behavior, consequence, and linear.

1. The one thing I really enjoyed about this section was that it explained in a deeper meaning what behavior modification actually is. I knew briefly what behavior modification meant but it explained it so it was a better understanding instead of a broad overview. It gave me a better understanding with certain terms but giving specific examples that relate to real world situations which helps me understand so much better than learning about something that is less relevant to my personal life. I also really enjoyed that the sections are interactive and require us to fill in certain things within the section. To me it keeps me interested and helps me learn more so than any other ways.
2. There really wasn’t anything in this section that I didn’t like. I feel like this section did a great job with explaining things in an interactive manner. From the example and text, the content was very clear to me.
3. The main thing that I will remember from this chapter is how important the “Antecedent” is because it can and will change the outcome consequence of the scenario. It really matters what the antecedent is to figure out the consequence. Another thing that I found important was that we are aware as humans that we are all able to be manipulated in order to change certain behaviors and there ultimate consequences. The last thing that I will remember is that to “do” and “make” a behavior are two completely different things
4. I really liked that this section was broken down in the manner where I can understand the information in a better way. It gave diagrams and examples so we could better understand and relate to the information. I really liked learning again about reinforcements and how they are extremely helpful in changing behaviors. I find this to be very true with special education students because they have a hard time doing things on their own without reinforcements or motivators. I think they are very positive in many situation to change a desired behavior.
5. I personally didn’t like reading about all the terms because to me they are very repetitive since we have learned these terms from the start. I think that they are relevant and needed and important but reading it all over again seemed to bore me.
6. The main thing I took from this section was that reinforcement and punishments are two terms that go hand in hand. I also learned that they can be good and bad at the same time because they can create desired and undesired behaviors. I learned that rein forcers can actually occur naturally and I had no idea about that.
7. I thought that behavioral modification was something that we use all the time and that is the fact of the manner. I also find it needed in certain situations. As a future special ed teacher, I know that I will be using a lot of behavior modification in my classroom in order for my students to be successful. In some ways I found behavior modification to be wrong in some sense because I feel like manipulation is not okay but I now realize that it is used in our everyday lives and it needs to take place in order for our society to run properly.
8. It has made me realize that behavior modification is necessary and effective. It also made me realize that there are many parts to BM. I now realize that the parts are important too because they matter and they can change the outcomes to situations.
9. Behavioral Modification, Antecedent, Consequences, Behavior, Manipulation, Reinforcement, Punishment.


A.S

SV
1. I liked how it was explaining the antecedents to behaviour to the consequences. I also liked how we got into it also got into a little bit about the environment and how that can have an impact, I can't wait to get to the section where it talks about different ways the environment can affect the behaviour on a person, and how behaviours are emitted throughout the day. I also liked out they use the words pleasurable and aversive rather than positive and negative.
2. I guess there wasn't really anything that I disliked in this chapter, I knew a lot of it, because I work with persons with disabilities, so we use a lot of reinforcement techniques when working towards the individuals goals.

3. I will for sure remember the antecedent, behaviour, and consequence discussion, as well as learning of the different types of behaviours, as they become predictable, because I have been working in this sort of an environment for almost three years.

4. I liked how this section talked about how punishment can involve something desirable in the end, because when most people think of punishment they think of the negative, not that something good can come out of it in the end, such as being sick and having an iv put in, for people who don't like needles or shots, that moment can be scary or painful, but in the end the person will start to feel better.

5) Some of the examples were not the greatest, but they were alright. Otherwise the section was not bad at all.

6. I will not forget how punishment is used as a procedure for behaviour modification. The likelihood of the behaviour occurring after the antecedent can be decreased.

7) Depending on the situation I have different thoughts, if modification is going to help make the behaviour better with a safe environment, then it is good, but I also think that if the behaviour is trying to be modified to a good one in a bad environment, the behaviour change might be more apt to fail if the environment doesn’t change a child in a gang for example might fall back into their old ways of stealing if they are around the same crowd.

8) They didn't really change my way of thinking, but better understanding of how the behavior changes and different termonologies that are used.

9) consequences, antecedent, behavior, emitted, pleasurable aversive, positive, negative, reinforcement, punishment, self-reinforcement, procedure.

Bre G
1) One thing I really liked in this section 1.1 is how there is boxes that have us fill in information about the ABC’s. I think this help us retain the information given to us in parts of the section. I like how this section gave definitions to new words for us to use in our “psych” vocabulary. Emit meaning “do” and elicit meaning “bring about”. Another thing I really liked about this chapter is how easy the boxes were to fill in yet they really made me understand what I was reading about the ABC’s.
2) One thing I disliked about the chapter was that I felt like some of the information about the ABC’s was drug on in the chapter. I feel like the information in section 1.1 could have been summarized in just a few pages instead of eight pages. I also thought some of the boxes that we had to fill in were repetitive, but don’t get me wrong I like the boxes.
3) Three things that I will remember from this chapter is that each behavior we emit will elicit a pleasurable or an aversive consequence. Another thing I will remember from this chapter is that antecedents can set the occasion for a behavior. I like the example in the section about laughing at a funeral. The last thing that I will remember from this chapter is that the ABC’s don’t have to go in order starting from A rather it can start from B or C. The ABC’s are a loop.
4) One thing I really like about this chapter was that it was a little bit more challenging. Another thing I liked about this chapter is that I learned more vocabulary like, positive valence and negative valence, operant situations. Another thing I liked in this chapter is that it gave better examples when referring to the boxes than the first section did.
5) One thing I didn’t like is that parts of the section that talked about punishment involving something that is ordinarily pleasurable or ordinarily aversive was a little confusing. I had to read these pages twice to fully understand this section.
6) I learned many new things in this section and one thing that I think will stick with me is that punishment involving something ordinarily pleasurable is very common I feel like because I have seventeen year old brothers and I feel like this is the only thing my parents do to make them change their behaviors. They get there x-box taken away and time with friends when they do aversive behaviors. Another thing I will take away from this chapter is using the words positive and negative valence in my vocabulary. I feel I will emit these words in my future blogs. The last thing I learned and will take away from this section is that reinforcement and punishment can be used as a noun, verb, and adjective in our ABC’s. I feel that by the way we use these two words we can tell whether someone is meaning and antecedent, behavior, or a consequence.
7) Before I read these two sections I thought of Behavior Modification as Skinner and his experiments with the Dog and the bell. I thought that BMod was only something people experimenters did to change behaviors but after reading the two sections I realized that behavior modification is happening all the time with all of our behaviors whether we elicit them or whether the environment elicits them. Behavior modification can happen to our behaviors whether we control the consequence or whether the environment controls our consequences or whether someone else controls our consequences. A consequence happens with ever behavior whether it is pleasurable or aversive.
Terms: Emit, elicit, positive valence, negative valence, operant situations, punishment, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcement, punishment, consequence

EDE
1.I like the boxes when you go thru them and write in them you see on paper or print your behavior and it makes it more real and better to see yourself.
2. To me and what I know about the ABC's and how they work there wasn't anything that I didn't like.
3. What really sinks in for me is the way you look at the antecedent or activating event. what were you doing that made you act or feel the way you did. another thing is how you don't always have to start at A you can start at C if you want to and work back to A or really in any order. I feel this way, I did this and then this is what I was doing at that time.
4. I like it all this is one thing that really got me in to this major. it is so interesting how you don't see yourself at the time but others do. by doing the ABC's you can go back and look at yourself. I did this and acted this way. is that why this other person did this and act that way.
5. To be honest there isn't anything that I didn't like. it is all interesting.
6.Well the 3 things I will remember is A B C and how they can help.
7&8 I really don't know with my vacation to the VA for almost 6 months I know that behavior can be changed in yourself but its hard and if you stop or don't work at it all the time you won't get the result that you want. it made me think of some things that I had forgotten about and see that there is things that I need to continue to work on.
9. I guess I really didn't use any terms but antecedent.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? I enjoy that it gave a smaller definition to what exactly behavior modification is compared to just explaining the term. This section broke it down using the ABC method to make explaining exactly what bmod is, a bit easier to understand. I also liked that when showing key words, it also explained them after for those who may not know the meaning.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? There were a lot of examples where the answers could have been multiple answers, however that also seemed to be kind of the point as well so it may not have been a bad thing. I was just thinking one answer and wondering if that was right when I believe in actuality if it applies to the model, then it is correct.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? The antecedent can strongly effect the consequences of any given behavior therefore proving that the environment plays a strong role in peoples behavior. I will also remember that with each behavior we emit, the ABC's will apply and I think it will make me think a bit more about my on behaviors and their consequences. The last thing I will remember is that behaviors are often manipulated by others actions or behaviors or environment. I will remember these things because they are things I was sort of already aware of, but now have an actually understanding of how they work and apply to certain situations.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? I like that with each example, it was explained very well and then there was also a chart to explain in a visual term. I tend to be more of a visual learner so it is nice to see the charts as an example too.


5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? There wasn't anything in this section that I disliked. It was a very easy read even with all of the terminology and I was able to follow it and understand it well.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? I learned that if the consequence functions as a reinforcer then the
behavior will likely be emitted in the future under similar circumstances. I will remember this because it makes a lot of sense. I am a nanny and when I ask him to do something or do not do something, we normally get further if we both use our manners and then it will be more likely to automatically happen in the future. I also learned that reinforcement and punishment are alike. I will remember this because you normally wouldn't put those two in the same category but they both involve a behavior. I will also remember that from a behavioral perspective the valence of a consequence can be pleasurable, desirable, or good. It can also be unpleasant, aversive, or undesirable. This is important to remember because each behavior will have some sort of consequence whether it is positive or negative and this should effect your actions.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I thought behavior modification was how a person modifies their behavior given a certain situation. I thought that because of things I had learned in the past about modifying behavior and simply by the term.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? I think after reading these sections it gave me a deeper understanding of what exactly is included in behavior modification. It is not just simply behavior in a given situation, but also the reaction to it and the antecedent that comes before the behavior. Before I thought of it more as a term rather than breaking it down and gaining that understanding.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post. Terms I used from the reading are: ABC's, Behavioral Modification, Emit, Antecedent, Consequences, Behavior, Aversive, Manipulated, Reinforcement, Punishment.

MEW
Section 1.1

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed how short this section was and that all of the information was easy to understand. As I read the section, I did not have any questions or material that needed to be clarified. It was very straight forward and the content was broken down as much as possible.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Although I liked how easy the information was to understand, it did not feel like this book was written for college students. The way it was broken down made it seem like it was almost too easy. I understand this is just the introduction to the behavior modification course, but I was hoping for a bit more of a challenge and be able to learn new concepts.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember what the ABCs stand for. A= antecedent, B= behavior, C= consequence, and how these each impact one another. For every behavior a person emits, there is an antecedent and consequence, as well. The antecedent is what occurs before the behavior, and the consequence is what happens after or as a result of the behavior.
b. When it comes to using correct terms for behavior modification the words “pleasurable or aversive should be used, rather than “good,” “bad,” “positive,” and “negative.” This is because they mean something very specific in the language of behavior modification.
c. It is possible for different behaviors to have different functions. In this section it uses the example of a person’s behavior as someone raises their hand. From there, this behavior could produce different outcomes depending on the antecedent. I think this is important to consider when in a different culture where hand gestures or body language could mean something different. It could lead to others eliciting different behaviors.

Section 1.2

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The use of charts and graphs were helpful in breaking down and envisioning the correct form of the word, in addition to the different concepts in this section. Often I find that I am a visual learner, so this was something that helped me as I read this section of the chapter.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
While reading this section, I felt like most of my learning was done on my own through thinking of different examples for almost everything. In my opinion, it was unnecessary to require three examples for each of the exercises; one or two would have been sufficient.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember that different forms of the words “reinforcing” and “punishing” exist. The verb format is reinforcement and punishment. For nouns, the correct usage is reinforce and punisher, and as an adjective, it is reinforcing and punishing.
b. There are naturally occurring reinforcers, and this includes when someone smiles at you and you smile back as a natural response. This is not something that feels like you are being manipulated to do, but in a way you feel the need to respond back with a smile.
c. Valence is something new I learned from this chapter. It is the psychological value that is placed on a person, place, or thing. This can be pleasurable, desirable, aversive, and undesirable.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I have heard of the ABCs before, but I never really thought of how to apply them to my life. I thought behavior modification would focus more so on changing a behavior rather than having to actually understand it. Before I read these two sections, I thought behavior was a concept that was difficult to describe, since it is not something that we talk about often.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these sections, I understand that the behavior someone displays should be examined in smaller parts before the person can attempt to modify his or her behavior. Behavior can be very simple, especially when it is broken down into the ABCs format. Thus, it does not have to be a complex phenomenon, like I originally thought.

Terms: ABCs, antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, pleasurable, aversive, elicit, reinforcing, reinforcement, reinforce, punishing, punishment, punisher, manipulate, valence

JKRR

1. I like the fact that you included diagrams in the text. It increases my comprehension as a result of you using diagrams. Also just the simplicity of the whole chapter was a plus. The examples were ones I could relate to.

2. I didn't actually dislike anything per say. However one thing I thought could be confusing is the fact that the ABC's are not linear and the consequence of a behavior can go a long way in shaping the antecedent. Perhaps I just need more practice with this section.

3. a. the abc's are drilled into my head
b. The fact that telling a joke at a funeral is usually never a good idea.
c. Behavior mod is going to be fun.

4. Again the simplicity of the text is something we can all relate to. I liked how you broke reinforcement and punishment into verbs, nouns, and adjectives. I use the words interchangeably but now have some clarity.

5. For me it was difficult to think of self-reinforcement examples other than the ones you listed.

6. I will remember the difference between negative punishment (taking something with positive valence away) and negative reinforcement (removing something with negative valence).

7. All that came to mind when thinking about behavior mod was operant and classical conditioning.

8. I understand some of the main concepts a little better now and I have a good feeling that you won't bore us with a whole lot of Skinner stories.

Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, positive valence, negative valance, negative reinforcement, negative punishment

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked that the chapter was short and to the point! It was very easy to follow and I like the boxes. Having to fill in the boxes makes it easier to understand and it is nice to get the "hands on" experience.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I have no complaints so far!

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the ABC's and the terms pleasurable and aversive. I will remember the ABC's because every behavior has a consequence. The antecedent has an effect on the consequence for example the people laughing at a funeral. I will also remember the terms pleasurable and aversive because I have never used these terms in place of positive and negative.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how it shows that the simplistic of actions merit consequences that I have never paid attention to. I also like that it discuss's reinforcement and I want to use this when my daughter is of age to discipline.


5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
So far I have nothing to complain about.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember what form of the words to use when it comes to reinforcement and punishment. I will remember that the more you use reinforcement the behavior will increase and that punishment will make the behavior decrease.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought that behavior modification would be about ways to change behavior or keep behaviors that we like to continue. I thought of this from the name "behavior modification". I think that my guess so far has been fairly accurate.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I thought it would be harder to get someone to change their behavior by using reinforcement. I also thought that punishment would get me faster results but I feel that reinforcement will be better.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Punishment, reinforcement,ABC, consequence, pleasurable, and aversive.

RVL
1 a&b) I liked how easy it was to read and understand. The reading was simple enough I could understand it while it still covered the basics of the ABCs of Behavior Modification.
2)I think behavior is a little more complicated than the ABCs. It just seems to me that since behavior is so important, it should be a little more complicated than ABC.
3 a,b&c) The first concept I will remember is the ABCS and what they stand for; antecedent, behavior and consequence. The second I will remember is how environment can impact behavior (think setting the occasion). And lastly, I will remember the difference between ‘elicit’ and ‘emit’. These concepts are important to remember because I have a feeling they be built on latter in the course.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) The examples used were easy to understand. With the complicated topics of the different types of reinforcement types, clear examples help to make the subject easier to get.
5) I dislike how similar the negative punishment and negative reinforcement seem to me. I know they are different, but it seems like it would be easier to separate the two if the names were not similar.
6 a,b&c) The first thing I will remember is that valence is the value placed on a person, thing and can be negative or positive. The second thing is that self-reinforcement can happen even if others involved don’t agree. The last thing is that reinforcement is a procedure used to get desired (pleasurable). These are important concepts that will be built upon later in the course.
7) Behavior modification is a process that can be easy or hard to do. Some behaviors are easy to change (like drinking lower fat milk) and some are hard to change (like addictions).
8) No. No matter how difficult it is to change the desired, there is a way to change the desired behavior.
9) ABCs of Behavior Modification, elicit, emit, reinforcement, negative punishment, negative reinforcement, valence

1. i really liked how it explains what behavioral modification really is and how it broke it down into much simpler terms. i also liked how it used examples to further explain what the ABCs really are.
2. There really wasn't anything that i didn't like in particular. the only thing would be to maybe have more examples that are a little more complex or just more examples in general. there also wasn't much on manipulation but i hope there will be more later on since it seems like a very interesting project.
3. The main thing that i am going to remember is the ABC's: antecedent, behavior, and consequence. one thing from that that is how the antecedent is the biggest impact on what the behavior will be and consequence. the environment can set back or change the behavior. and also, the consequence can always relate back to the antecedent.

4.one thing that i really liked from this section was the breakdown of the concepts and how it part has a section to do things yourself. i found it to be very helpful. also, i liked that things were put into simpler terms for me to understand.
5. while i liked the diagrams, i disliked how many there were. it seemed to be redundant.
6. i learned that punishment and reinforcement go together. when you reinforce a behavior, the behavior will increase, while punishing the behavior will decrease it. punishing is not necessarily a bad thing but since you are taking the behavior away, its called a punishment. i will also remember positive and negative valance. valance is the value placed on something. if we like the thing, its positive and if we dislike it, then it is negative.
7.prior to this reading, i thought behavior mod was just about how you can change how others behave towards you. I also thought of things like Pavlov and classical/operant conditioning.
8. reading this changed how i view behavior mod because it expanded everything. i never realized how subtle things, like smiling at someone and them smiling back was because of the ABC's and part of behavior mod. i just didn't think doing things like that was because my behavior was being modified.

antecedent, behavior, consequences, ABC's of behavior, reinforcement, punishment, negative and positive valance, behavior modification, manipulaiton

1. I liked the example of the antecedent changing from a party to a funeral home. This really shows how the specific antecedent can change the behavior, or if not the behavior, than at least the consequence of that behavior. Telling a joke at a party is an appropriate behavior, telling a joke at a funeral is almost never an appropriate behavior.

2. I didn’t really dislike anything from this section, but I thought that the set of boxes that had blanks in them for behavior and consequence seemed overly simplified. I understand that it was used to make a point, and that we are starting off easy, but it reminded me of something from elementary school.

3. One of the things I will remember is that the order of antecedent, behavior, and consequence is not the only order that those things can happen in. Consequences can lead to behaviors, for example. I will also remember that we use the terms pleasurable and aversive to describe the feelings that we get about the outcome of a situation. I will remember that the environment has a strong influence on behavior, as well.

4. I like having the boxes that make you write out a punishment and a reinforcement. This forces you to think about the subject more and come up with ideas on your own. I thought about a lot of examples from my childhood, such as when my parents were training me to be polite or use the toilet.

5. I liked everything, really, but the section I least liked was the exercise with the H1N1 and washing hands. It seemed repetitive, but I understand that repetition helps people to remember things more clearly.

6. I will remember that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior and that punishment is used to decrease the frequency of the behavior. I will also remember that a valence is a word used to describe the value we place on a person, place, or thing and that it can be positive or negative. I will remember that desirable outcomes are reinforcers and negative outcomes are punishers.

7. Before reading these sections I thought that behavior modification was complicated and that you really had to know a lot about it to change people’s behavior. This was probably because we are unaware of how much people are able to influence us and vice versa, along with the fact that you would think that if changing a bad behavior was simple that no one would have bad habits anymore.

8. Reading these chapters has shown me that there are a handful of ways to change someone’s behavior and that we decide how people behave on a daily basis.

9. antecedent, behavior, consequence, punishment, reinforcement, punisher, reinforcer, pleasurable, aversive, valence, positive, negative

1. I really liked how this chapter starts very simple and basic. The reason I like this is because the study of behavior modification could easily be overwhelming, confusing and disheartening. I think having the vocabulary words informally defined, broken apart and then used in basic example, provided me with a better connection. To help me make the connection to the behavior specific meaning, I would highlight and write the simple definition next to the vocabulary word. Throughout the whole section, I would highlight words like emit with an arrow over to “do”. Hopefully this will help me be able to automatically exchange the proper words.
2. While I did say that I like how effective and basic the definitions of the specific behavioral meanings, what I liked the least was realizing how difficult it might be to change the meaning of those salient words. What I think will be the most difficult will be the different meanings of positive and negative in regards to different situations.
3. First I will remember that the antecedent, or environment, can be used to predict the consequence of the possible behavior. The simple and basic example of telling a joke, will be more successful and pleasurable if the environment (antecedent) is typically/commonly known to have a light spirit. The second thing I will remember from this section will be attempting to remember to use pleasurable and averse instead of positive and negative. The third thing I will remember is that even though the ABC’s seem so simplistic, there are so many possibilities for variables, mainly free will. I feel that even though we can set up the proper controlled antecedent (like a party) with a positive reinforcement consequence (making people laugh), we cannot predict the individual.
4. I really liked the use of the work/discussion boxes. Even though it is available online, I actually took the time to fill out the work/discussion boxes. I decided to take the time to put some effort into my examples for the work/discussion. I think by trying to create unique examples, it will help me with better long time connections to the specific behavioral meanings. Like creating examples for self-reinforcing, learning that adrenaline junkies are actually seeking thrill through punishment and aversion.
5. What I liked least in this section was the lack of description for writing examples of reinforcement and punishment. I think this might have been my over analysis, but I was not sure if I was expected to write examples for the first half and the sentence and keep the “we decided to use a punishment procedure” or come up with my own.
6. The first thing I will remember from this section will be that consequences can occur naturally (uncontrolled situations that determine our future behavior) or in a procedure (deliberately planned situations to increase or decrease behavior). The second thing I will remember from this section will be that those who constantly tell bad jokes, even though no one is laughing, most likely really believe they are funny. Because of self-reinforcing, some people are being satisfied without concern for present company and situation. The third thing I will remember from this section will be reinforcement/punishment are verbs (antecedent), reinforcer/punisher are nouns (behavior) and reinforcing/punishing are adjectives (consequences).
7. These reading have not necessarily changed my thoughts about behavior modification. From these two lessons, I would really like to explore in depth about how to prepare for natural unexpected occurrences that may change the emotions and actions, especially when dealing with young children.
8. ABC’s, antecedent, behavior, consequence, self-reinforcing, naturally occurring, procedure, increase, decrease, reinforcement, punishment, specific behavioral meaning, aversions, pleasurable, undesirable, environment, controlled, behavior modification, emit.

***EDIT: I wrote this originally in Word. Copying and pasting got a little out of control. Here are the correct questions with answers. thank you!***

7.Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

a.Prior to reading these sections I have had other psychology courses where we have discussed the ABC’s. In the clinical psychology course, we focused on analyzing/observing our emotions and thought processes leading up to (antecedent), during (behavior) and after (consequence) of an undesirable punishment. We had to describe the internal thoughts experienced through those stages, and then figure out how we can change our mental dialog to make better choices.

8.How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

a.These reading have not necessarily changed my thoughts about behavior modification. From these two lessons, I would really like to explore in depth about how to prepare for natural unexpected occurrences that may change the emotions and actions, especially when dealing with young children.

9.Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

a. ABC’s, antecedent, behavior, consequence, self-reinforcing, naturally occurring, procedure, increase, decrease, reinforcement, punishment, specific behavioral meaning, aversions, pleasurable, undesirable, environment, controlled, behavior modification, emit.

ECP

AZH

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how during the section, there were two discussion questions. I liked having these two questions because it made me rethink about the content that I already read through, helping me retain the knowledge. I also liked these two questions because it was interesting to think about the ethics and the complexity of the ABC’s and behavior manipulation.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? The one thing I liked the least about this section was there was some grey area when it came to antecedents. I feel this way because the reading said antecedents often refer to the environment, but it never shows an example of something not environmentally related. I feel something that encourages a certain behavior can be more complex then just the environment.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) One thing I will remember is to be careful of using the words positive and negative in contrast with pleasurable and aversive because I made the connection with my other psychology classes of the specific meaning of positive and negative reinforcement.
b) Another thing I will remember from this chapter is the importance of the environment, when it comes to the consequence of our behavior, because of the funeral and party analogy.
c) The last thing I will remember about this section is the importance of the ABC’s in all of our behaviors. I will remember this specifically because of the question asking, “if behaviors can be controlled by strictly using the ABC’s?” This question made me think just how much the ABC’s actually control behavior.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked in this chapter how it really clarifies early on the difference of reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing, along with punishment, punisher, and punishing. I like this because it gave me a solid base of information that was reemphasized throughout the reading, rather then trying to figure it out and still try to understand the concept.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I did not really dislike anything, but I did get a little confused during parts of the reading. This just is because of the multiple new vocab words, and how some vocab words can contradict in non-behavior modification speech like negative reinforcer.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember the different ways to use the words like punish and reinforce in using verbs, nouns, and adjectives because of how the text made you use these terms in examples, and the words were used multiple times throughout the chapter.
b) I will also remember how reinforcement and punishment can change a behavior because it related to my previous knowledge of operant conditioning.
c) I will also remember the term valence because of its importance, the multiple examples, and the activity involved.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I felt prior to reading these sections, behavior modification was not that big of an influence of how we act. I felt like this because, I did not realize how frequent behavior modification happens that we are not aware of. I felt it was mainly just used by parents and psychologists to change bad behaviors.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It really just made me aware of how our actions are influenced by behavior modification and specifically the ABC’s. This changed because of all the real world examples in the text, that I was never aware was modifying my behavior until this reading.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABC’s, behavioral modification, antecedents, positive and negative reinforcement/punishment, and valence.

JCSR

Section 1.1
1. What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how the first section of the first chapter was extremely easy to understand and how it was the basic building blocks of the rest of the book. I also thought it was really nice that there were examples, questions, and fill in the examples activities in the chapter because it helps even more with understanding the basic building blocks of the book.
2. What was one thing that you disliked (or liked the least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn't find anything that I thought was bad in the section.
3. What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will definitely remember the basic ABC's, Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence, or in my memory/understanding, before, during, after. I will also remember that consequences will not only be pleasant, but also aversive, or unpleasant. Third, I will remember the difference between emit and elicit. Emit being to do a behavior whereas elicit means to make a behavior occur. The reasons I will remember these terms/ideas/things is because they are easy to grasp and because they are the basic building blocks they are essential to remember.

Section 1.2
1. What was one thing that you really like that was in the section? Why?
The simplicity of the text was used again, the definition were understandable and the examples were used to help understand definitions and ideas.
2. What was one thing that you really disliked (or liked the least) that was in the section? Why?
Though the examples helped, the concept of reinforcement and punishment were still a big foggy and hard to grasp the difference when used in a situation.
3. What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing I will remember is the difference between reinforcement and punishment and the increase or decrease of the behavior. I will also remember valence, the psychological value placed and how it can be positive and negative valence. I will also remember to get in the habit of using pleasurable, desirable, undesirable, and aversive when talking or referencing valence. I will also remember that the reinforcer and punisher can affect the ABC's of behavior and the before surroundings and outcomes. Self Reinforcement also plays an essential role in behavior modification. These are essential to remember as well because they are also the basic building blocks of behavior.

7.Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
From my understanding behavior modification was learning how to modify behavior and that behavior was, in a way, simple.
8.How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I now understand that behavior is so much more complex than originally, that there are different components to behavior such as setting, situations, and outcomes. There are also more than one way to actually modify a behavior.

9. Terms
antecedents, behaviors, consequences, valence, emit, elict, aversive, positive negative, pleasurable, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, increase, decrease, desirable, undesirable, self reinforcement

TRH

1). I enjoyed this section because it discuses how our behaviors affect us with either positive or negative consequences. I enjoyed reading about this because it is so easy to apply to real life and it really is easy to find in almost everything we do throughout our days.
2). I would say that the thing I liked least about the section would be how simple the consequences seem in the examples. I feel like this could easily be applied to so many bigger things; however I am sure we are getting to all of that overall I enjoyed the sections.
3). I guess the simples three things that I will easily remember from the section would be Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. Obviously this is what the entire section was over so that makes it easy to remember what each of them were. I will remember them because using all of the examples I applied them to so many common life experiences keeping them in my head.
4). This section 1.2 was filled with even more real life experiences. I enjoyed this section because it really simplifies so many things that we all make so completed. Everyone worries so much about how to get people to do what we want but really something as simple as positive or negative reinforcements can change everything someone does; including how they act or treat someone else.
5). I suppose I didn't really like coming up with all of the negative and positive reinforcements because in life you don't really stop to think about "if I do this it will cause this person to do this" and I think that telling someone "good job" for doing the dishes should just be the norm; we shouldn't think we have to do it to get them to continue doing something. This could easily be considered manipulating someone, which as I said on my paper earlier in section 1.2 I believe can be considered good and bad depending on the situation.
6). The three things I will remember from this section are positive reinforcements, negative reinforcements and positive/ negative punishments along with manipulation. I will remember them because of all the examples we went over throughout the section.
7). I thought that it would be how it sounds, modifying someone's behavior and learning how we modify someone's behavior which is basically what it seems to be so far in its simplest form.
8). It makes me realize that there really is a science to everything and if you think about it enough everything everyone does can be reasoned with some sort of behavior modification.
9). The terminology I used would be: the ABC's antecedents, behavior and consequences. Along with positive and negative reinforcements. Punishment, positive/negative valance, behavior modification and manipulation in situations.

KPG

Section 1.1
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
-One thing that I liked best was that the ABC's of behavior are not linear, they have feedback loops. I liked that this was included in the diagrams and expressed in the reading because we are not always fully aware of the fact that, depending on the consequence, this feedback loop will either tell us to repeat the behavior (considering the antecedent--a.k.a when it is in the appropriate situation or context) or this feedback loop may warn us not to EVER repeat this behavior again (no need for examples, we can all think of our own embarrassing moments quietly). We don't realize how powerful this feedback loop is and how it can reinforce or cause the extinction of certain behaviors until we realize that a feedback loop actually exists in promoting or punishing behaviors.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
-I did not like the example about laughing at a funeral. Back when I was little (and even now...) I had a tendency of smiling when I was in trouble, or laughing when there was something bad happening. I've read that this is a behavior that occurs in other cultures as well, but the consequence was always something along the lines of "you think this is funny?!" No, I didn't. But the behavior was automatic and I couldn't stop myself, no matter what the consequence would be. So I didn't like the example because it brought up memories of consequences for my inappropriate (but uncontrollable) behavior.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. Feedback loops. I'll remember them because it's interesting how they can be applied to seemingly automatic behaviors, like social cues (ever tried making conversation with someone in the next stall in the bathroom (that wasn't your friend)? Probably not.)
b. The importance of antecedents. Our environment plays a vital role in what behaviors we emit. There's always situations where you know that you cannot behave a certain way, but it's great to step back from your mind and see Why you catch yourself modifying your own behaviors.
c. Consequences: pleasurable and aversive. These are important terms when referring to consequences because, depending on whether the experience was pleasurable or aversive, we can use them to decide whether or not to repeat the behavior in that particular context or situation...or Ever.


Section 1.2
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
-I liked that for both reinforcement and punishment, the differences between naturally-occurring and procedural reinforcement and punishment were expressed. I had always known there were consequences for our actions (whether pleasurable or aversive), however to think about them in terms of procedural or naturally-occurring is another thing. This is because one type of consequence happens without any real manipulation (naturally-occuring; i.e. getting cold as a result of being outside during winter.) However, the other is directly linked to manipulation in that a reinforcing or punishing procedure is done in a way that will (hopefully) cause a behavior to be repeated or discontinued. Great distinction.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
-I disliked self reinforcement because it's a lot like lying to yourself (unless it's something good, but in the examples given it wasn't so good). A good example of aversive self reinforcement (for me) is procrastinating. I reinforce my behavior by telling myself that I'm an adrenaline junkie and that my most creative thoughts come to me when I'm on a time-restraint. However, I know that I could potentially do better work if I gave myself more time; I'm quick to smother the logic thought with the self reinforcing thought.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. Reinforcer/punisher vs. reinforcement/punishment. I will remember these because writing about it here will help me remember :). A reinforcer or punisher is a pleasurable or aversive outcome (respectively); reinforcers increase the likelihood of behavior, while punishers generally decrease the likelihood of a behavior. Reinforcement or punishment involves both a behavior and consequence; reinforcement occurs when a reinforcer causes behavior to increase, and punishment occurs when a punisher causes behavior to decrease.
b. Reinforcement/punishment procedure vs. naturally-occurring reinforcement/punishment. I'll remember the different procedures because they're important in modifying behaviors that are aversive. It's good to know how to appropriately use these kinds of procedures and that you can manipulate your own actions to produce these procedures. I will remember the naturally-occurring reinforcement/punishment because these are uncontrollable for the most part and are not Created in order to directly modify behavior. Instead the consequence causes behavior to be modified, although that is not necessarily the main objective.
c. Positive and negative valence. I'll remember these because they're used everyday, multiple times a day without one even realizing that they've referred to them. Every time I term something as "good" or "bad," I'll stop to think it was actually positive or negative valence instead.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
-I knew that it was about manipulating behaviors, such as how to modify your own behavior or another person's behavior. I thought this because I inferred from the name of the class that it would be about how behavior is modified, both your own behavior and other people's.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
-I hadn't really thought so much about how behavior is naturally modified through things like weather, pain, etc. I thought this class would be more about how to modified your own behavior and other's behavior, not how uncontrollable situations can modify one's behavior. It has gotten me thinking more about how Sociology relates to the topic of behavior modification and how instances of averse consequences relating to natural occurrences shape behavior without much conscious realization.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
-ABC's of behavior, feedback loops, antecedent, reinforce, reinforcement, reinforcer, punishing, punisher, punishment, extinction, consequence(s), emit, pleasurable, aversive, modfication, modify(ing), naturally-occurring, procedural, self reinforcement, positive/negative valence

Section 1.1
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really like that was in the section? Why?
In 1.1, I really liked the chance to practice manipulating the antecedent and consequence of a given behavior. The antecedent sets the occasion, or makes a given behavior happen, while a consequence occurs after the behavior and dictates the likelihood of the behavior reoccurring again, given the same antecedent. I enjoyed practicing this because I’m not used to thinking about this complex relationship in so much detail. It is also interesting to consider that a given behavior can be manipulated if the antecedent and consequence can be controlled.

2 a&b) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
In the last exercise, it was sometimes difficult to designate a certain behavior and consequence given only the antecedent. Any number of things might occur at the market, or in the orchard. But, I look forward to learning more about the relationship the antecedent and a given behavior.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things I will remember from this section come from the basic ABC component chart. I am a very visual person, so this diagram makes it really easy for me to remember the basic relationships between the ABCs of behavior. First, I will remember that antecedents and consequences both have an impact on behavior. When these can be controlled, we can begin to control the behaviors. Second, I will remember that changing the antecedent can also impact the consequence (i.e. where a joke is told dictates whether people laugh or make a sour face). If a certain behavior is undesirable, then perhaps the antecedent can be manipulated to affect the consequence, and therefore the likelihood of the same circumstances emitting, or doing, the same behavior. This relates to the feedback loop between the consequence and antecedent. I will remember that consequences are most noticeable when they are surprising or unpleasant. When we are aware of consequences, they can impact our tendency to repeat a behavior, given the same antecedent. Thirdly, I will remember basic ABC vocabulary, emit and elicit. To emit a behavior means to do a behavior (i.e. whistling, doing the dishes). To elicit a behavior is to make that behavior occur. For example, if it is desirable to see a baby smile, I can emit a smile at the baby. Because the baby sees me smile, he might smile back. It may be that my smiling at the baby elicited the baby to smile, or made him smile back. I will remember these terms because I think they could be easily confused and I would like to avoid this.

Section 1.2
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really like that was in the section? Why?
In 1.2, I liked all of the examples which are provided to check reading comprehension and practice understanding of reinforcement and punishment. I liked this about section 1.2 because it really gave me a chance to be sure I understood each part after I completed the reading.

5 a&b) What was one thing that you disliked (or like least) that was in the section? Why?
I also disliked that there were so many examples to fill in. I sometimes wished there had been an additional completed example so I could see if my examples were good ones, and really be sure I completely understood each section. Particularly with positive/negative reinforcement or punishment- is this the ‘later section’ it refers to?

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I vaguely remember studying reinforcement and punishment in my intro psychology class, however I also never fully understanding these concepts. First, I will remember that reinforcers (and punishers) can occur naturally or as part of a reinforcement (or punishment) procedure. Where the consequence acts as a reinforcer, the likelihood of the behavior reoccurring in a similar situation increases. When the consequence acts as a punisher, the likelihood decreases. I will also remember the term valence, the psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing. I will also remember to describe valence using desirable or aversive, instead of positive and negative, since these words have specific meaning.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
From prior psychology classes, I remember quickly reviewing reinforcers and punishers. I never clearly understood these concepts because we covered them in very little detail and didn’t use many examples to explain these terms.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Between the careful instruction within the reading and the ample examples to check my understanding, I now understand the difference between the two and how they are useful in behavior modification.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABCs, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, emit, elicit, manipulate, positive, negative, punisher, punishment procedure, reinforcement procedure, reinforcer, valence (desirable, aversive)


1.1
In this section, I really liked how it broke down the difference between each topic. I think the diagrams were very helpful to understand what each part means. I think its more helpful to actually put what I'm learning in my own words and ideas in order to help me learn and I think this chapter did a goo d job at that.
Although i liked how this chapter was set up. I think there were some points where it may have repeated itself a little too much.
One thing I will remember from this chapter that I think is very important is that consequences doesnt always mean a punishment, which is something people think of when they hear the term "consequence". Another thing I will remember is sometimes the behaviors we do happen automatically, but there are many we can control with ourselves,and with others. The third thing I will remember is that emit means to "do" a behavior, which seems that it will be very important to know though out this book.

1.2

In this section, I really appreciated how it stayed with the same format as section one. Some books change formats through chapters which make it hard to follow, so staying with the same format and continuing to use activity boxes make the book easy to understand and follow.
Something that i disliked about this chapter were just 2 specific boxes. There was one that said punishment and then had the quote "in order to get our roommate to stop playing loud music, we used a reinforcement procedure" and then had a similar one below. I think they should have given an example of what that reinforcement, and punishment procedures would have been.
One important thing i will remember from this section is the difference between reinforcers and punishers. Another thing i will remember is Valence, this is a term i haven't used a lot in previous classes that will be helpful. Also a third thing i will remember that either reinforces or punishers they are both used to improve the probability of someone doing the thing you want them to do.
I have started behavior modification last semester and ended up dropping the class so i knew a bit about the topic, but in my previous class, it seemed a lot more complex than what its seeming to be right now.
It has broken down the ideas of behavior modification to make it seem a bit simpler than what i had learned before.


reinforcement, punishment, valence, behavior modification, emit, consequence, procedure, reinforcer

KFH

KMT

1) I really liked the section of the reading where it states how important the antecedent is because every action depends on where you are or who you are around. Depending on who you are with will depend on what the consequence will be.
2) The part I liked the least was where we had to fill in the blanks only because I would rather fill them in as a class where we can bounce ideas off each other and hear others opinions.
3) I will remember about the ABC’s of modification, to watch what we emit since it will spark a aversive or pleasurable social cues, and the consequences will be either positive or negative.
4) I liked the section where it talked about punishing yourself as self-reinforcement. An example would be if I don’t work out for the day, I don’t get sweets. I think self-reinforcement was my favorite section to read.
5) The section I liked the least would be the part about reinforcement, reinforce, punishment, and punisher only because I kept getting confused when I was trying to write examples for it.
6) Three things I will remember from this section would be positive and negative valence which I understood right away. I will also remember self-reinforcement which is something I have been trying to use in my life. I know this class will help me understand more about behavior modification. The last thing I will remember would be the difference between punishing someone to decrease a behavior and reinforcing someone to increase a behavior.
7) Before I read these sections, I figured behavior modification was a very simple concept that anyone could use. I thought it was as simple as if you want someone to stop doing something you would just punish them. Nothing deeper than that.
8) After reading these sections, I realized that there is more to behavior modification than I thought. The sections taught me that it is far more deeper than simply reinforcement and punishment to make a change in someone or something. There are a variety of ways to change someone’s behavior.
9) ABC’s of modification, behavior modification, antecedent, consequences, emit, reinforcement, self-reinforcement, positive valence and negative valence.

MKPW

1). I really liked how this section was able to discuss how manipulation isn’t always a bad thing. I’ve always looked at it as though it was usually a vindictive thing to do, and I’ve never put much thought into how it can be viewed as helpful. I think there is a stigma attached to the word ‘manipulation’ when it is put into a social context, and I’m very happy that I have a new outlook on it.

2). In this section, I probably liked the practice ABC charts the least. I understand how the ABC’s work for the most part from reading it, but the examples seemed a little too simple. I would hate to be faced with a more complex example and feel unprepared for how to answer them. I felt as though my answers to the examples were also too simple when I read into how there were so many different possibilities for answers.

3). First and foremost, I will remember what the ABC’s stand for: Antecedent, Behavior and Consequence. I will also remember that the antecedent basically sets the foundation for the environment regarding the behavior and is related to the consequence of the behavior. Last but not least, I will remember that the consequence can always be related back to the antecedent, which also shapes behavior. These are all three very important concepts that I picked up on while reading the section because they were constantly being reiterated. Not only that, but they just seem to make a lot of sense once it starts to click. These concepts seem to be very important when it comes to understanding and manipulating behaviors.

4). I really enjoy how the section is set up. Just like the first section, each main idea is separate when it is necessary and has diagrams to help the reader understand what concepts are being displayed. The simple terms that are easy to follow along with keep my attention while reading through the text. I thought that this section was a bit more challenging and gave better examples as compared to the first section that we read.

5). Though I like that the material wasn’t as simple in this section, I think that the terminology was one of the parts that I disliked in this section. I thought that I kept up pretty well, but I still found myself to be a little confused by the terms that were so similar in nature. Terms such as reinforcement, reinforcer, punisher and punishment definitely had me a little puzzled at times. I found myself having to go back through and making sure that I read them right so that I didn’t have the wrong idea in my head! Otherwise, I really liked this section!

6). Though it did seem to be a little confusing at first, I will remember that reinforcement and punishment each have their own nouns, verbs and adjectives that are not to be interchanged. I will also remember that punishment can have pleasurable aspects and reinforcement can have aversive aspects. Lastly, I will remember that all behaviors have consequences. These points, again, were reiterated throughout the section and they stuck with me because I had to reread some of the sections to fully grasp the main ideas.

7). Prior to reading these sections, I didn’t have a huge understanding about behavior modification. I knew about conditioning and reinforcement, but I had no idea how in depth behavior modification can be. To me, it seemed like behavior modification was something that was aimed at a specific target rather than something that is done in everyday life.

8). As I said before, the biggest realization for me after reading through these sections was about how manipulation can be viewed in so many different contexts. It is not a hard concept to grasp, but the fact that I didn’t relate to it before just kind of blows my mind a little bit! Otherwise, I just really enjoy how behavior modification is something that is done throughout the day, each and every day of our lives. Sometimes it is more obvious than others, but I think that’s the beauty of it. Being able to examine our own behavior on a daily basis and understanding it seems so interesting.

9). Manipulation, stigma, ABC’s, behavior modification, antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, reinforcer, punishment, punisher, pleasurable, aversive, positive, negative.

JEM
Section 1.1
Something that I really liked in this section was all of the example boxes that were used to demonstrate the ABC’s of behavior modification. I really liked these because they clearly illustrated what are considered the antecedents, the behaviors, and the consequences of a situation. I also liked filling in the blank boxes because it helped me think about some real life applications of the ABC’s.

For this section, there was not anything that I particularly disliked. I found it to be an interesting introduction to the subject of behavior modification. It introduced new terms in an easy to understand way.

I will remember that the consequences of a behavior can be different if there is a different antecedent. This is because certain behaviors can be considered appropriate or inappropriate depending on the social situation. I will also remember the difference between using pleasurable and aversive, and positive and negative, when describing a consequence. I will remember this because positive and negative can also be used when referring to reinforcement or punishment. Finally, I will remember what the terms elicit and emit mean. I remember that elicit means to make a behavior happen because of phrases like “eliciting a response from someone”, and that emit means to do a behavior because of a phrase such as “emitting bad judgment”.

Terms: ABC’s of behavior modification, antecedents, behaviors, consequences, reinforcement, punishment, elicit, emit

Section 1.2
One thing that I really liked in this section was how it described the difference between negative punishment and negative reinforcement. I liked this part because I felt that it was good review of some terms that can easily be confused as both being aversive, even though negative reinforcement is a desirable consequence.

Something that I didn’t like in this section was how it described reinforcement and punishment as verbs. I didn’t like this part because I’m not sure that I fully understand it. I am still a little confused about the proper use of these terms as verbs. I think I understand that reinforcer and punisher as nouns mean a specific thing, but this is something that I think I will need to ask about in class.

One of the things that I will remember from this section is the meaning of valence. It is easy to think of valence as sounding similar to value. I will also remember the concept of self-reinforcement because after reading this section I realized that I hadn’t given much thought to how we can reinforce our own behavior even if it is being punished by others. Finally, I will remember that naturally occurring reinforcers and punishers happen automatically, while reinforcement and punishment procedures require an action to take place with the intent of changing a behavior.

Terms: negative punishment, negative reinforcement, reinforcer, punisher, valence, self-reinforcement, reinforcement procedure, punishment procedure

Before reading these sections, I basically thought that behavior modification was about changing behaviors through a combination of reinforcement and punishment. I thought that you would have to wait until someone emitted a behavior and then reinforce or punish it accordingly. I thought this way because “behavior modification” sounds straightforward. After reading these sections, I know it is not that simple. For example, behavior can be modified before it happens by changing the antecedent. The consequences of a behavior are not always going to be a simple matter of reinforcement or punishment either. It will be more difficult to modify behavior with punishment if someone is giving themselves strong self-reinforcement, for example.

Renae M. Beard

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I really enjoyed reading about manipulation and controlling behavior. Manipulation and control have negative connotations, causing people to think badly about these concepts. However, this reading broke down exactly how beneficial these concepts can be, if utilized correctly and for the greater good.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

Personally, I found the concepts to be overly simplified. Although, I do believe this could be widely beneficial for other students.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

The most obvious three things I will remember are the "ABC's" of behavior modification. A - antecedent, B - behavior, and C - consequence. The reading was written in a very conversational tone which made it easy to follow and comprehend.

----

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I liked that it built on the previous section. It's helpful to have examples and then be asked to create examples of your own. Repetition is very helpful for retention.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

As much as I believe in repetition, sometimes it gets to be a little much. However, I was still really impressed with how conversational the reading was and how well it flowed.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

Valence - this was described in a way that I had never heard it defined. This was something to me that was part of a curtain. Just because it was so contrasted from the initial thing I knew it as, I will remember it more.

I had no idea there were so many adjectives that could be encompassed within the blanket of consequence. The multitude of the descriptors will help me to better remember the many different ways consequences can be perceived and interpreted.

I found it interesting that it was distinctly pointed out that reinforcement can be aversive and punishment can be desirable. It's not that it's a concept I can't comprehend, I just don't typically think of these adjectives with these descriptors, which makes it easy to remember.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

I was very interested in behavior modification, which is why I decided to take this class. It did sound kind of self-help-esque to me, perhaps even a little dull at some points.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

I've been pleasantly surprised to see that the topic is more about understanding the psychological aspects behind actions and the corresponding consequences in reaction to the initial behavior. I have converted my interest into a heightened curiosity which I am excited to continue to discover.

9) Terms: manipulation, control, behavior modification, ABC's (antecedent, behavior, consequence), valence, consequence, reinforcement, punishment, aversive, and desirable.


E.M.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The ABC’s of behavior modification. It points out that we don’t notice the ABC’s in our daily lives, but what makes that interesting is that understanding the a, antecedents, and c, consequences, we can control behavior.
I also liked the idea, although obvious, that performing the same behavior in different circumstances produces a completely different consequences, as well as the fact that the environment also has an impact on behavior.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Nothing, the section was short and to the point.
I did however like and agree with the notes at the end of the section commenting on the manipulation of others and how it is viewed. Although many view it as undesirable it is a part of everyday life whether we realize it or not.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Depending on the antecedent the same behaviors can result in different consequences.
If you can control the antecedents and the consequences, you can control behavior as a result.
As mentioned in the section above, manipulation is not necessarily a bad thing.
Why? It gets me one step closer to understanding behavior, learning how to change certain ones of mine, and others behavior.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The term reinforce means to strengthen, and is used in psychology to refer to anything stimulus which strengthens or increases the probability of a specific response. For example, if you want your dog to sit on command, you may give him a treat every time he sits for you. The dog will eventually come to understand that sitting when told to will result in a treat. This treat is reinforcing because he likes it and will result in him sitting when instructed to do so. While positive and negative reinforcement are used to increase behaviors, punishment is focused on reducing or eliminating unwanted behaviors.
Most of us have heard this many times, and we understand the concept. Why I liked it and what made it interesting again for me was what role the ABC’s play. Basically what I understood was that consequences can be desirable or aversive and how often a behavior will take place depend on reinforcement and punishment.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Certain activities, like listing examples of reinforcement involving something that is ordinarily aversive, I found I liked the least. It took me some time to come up with original examples, as opposed to using the examples that were given and slightly changing them.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Valence refers to the psychological value placed on people, places, or things.
The valence of a consequence can be pleasurable or unpleasant.
Self-reinforcement occurs when the reinforcer is self-delivered.
These are new terms and concepts so I focused mainly on this type of information, the rest I was introduced to in other classes.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I was not sure what to expect from the class, away from the title, behavior modification. It seemed interesting and the idea of controlling behavior. I had limited knowledge on behavior modification apart from what is taught in intro and cognitive classes.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I have already gained knowledge of concepts and it has altered the way I view behavior manipulation amongst others. Manipulation of others may be considered undesirable but as it pointed out in section one we manipulate others behavior on a daily basis without even realizing it. Just reading these two sections has already changed the way I think about behavior modification.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABC's, behavior modification, antecedent, consequence, behavior, reinforcement, reinforcer, punishment, valence pleasurable, aversive

JJH

1) I really liked how this section was broken down and explained how all behavior doesn't necessarily have the same consequences, nor does it always have the same antecedent. The example used with telling jokes was both funny and helped me understand the concept a lot easier

2) It's hard for me to say anything negative about this section, but I would say that it can be a bit repetitive sometimes. Usually for me, repetition is helpful since I tend to forget new information quickly, so it isn't always a problem.

3) I will remember the easy to understand ABC flowchart, the broken-down definition of manipulate and how it doesn't necessarily have to be a bad word, and how A to B to C isn't always a straight flowchart.

4) Just like the first section, I like how this section was set up. I'm a definite visual learner, so having flowcharts to help further define the concept was especially helpful.

5) I think I found a typo on the first page, in the definition box, where it was meant to say reinforcement but it actually said 'punishment'. That threw me off for a minute.

6) I will remember the difference between reinforcement and punishment (one is meant to encourage further behavior while the other is meant to discourage behavior), the definition of valence and how it refers to positivity and negativity, and the behavior/consequence/probability flowchart.

7) Before reading these chapters, I had a slight understanding on the differences between reinforcement and punishment. I understood that manipulation doesn't always have evil undertones, but I didn't imagine it would go as far as to simply telling a joke at a party. Even the smallest things can be behavioral manipulation.

8) After reading these sections, I learned that while not completely and definitely accurate, behavioral modification can be broken down into something as simple as ABC. I also learned, as stated earlier, that many simple tasks performed around others can be considered manipulation. We use manipulation in our everyday lives, not just for personal gain, but also because it's how we solve problems.

Terminology: Manipulation, antecedent, consequence, reinforcement, valence, probability

1 a&b) I enjoyed the fact that the chapter was short and easy to understand. I felt that the chapter got across the idea of the ABC's of behavior modification without adding so much that it confused us.
2)I think behavior is a little more complicated than the ABCs. I feel that every human being is so different that we are not always as easy to predict as the ABC's suggest.
3 a,b&c) I will definitely remember the ABCS and what they stand for; antecedent, behavior and consequence. Secondly, I will remember how environment can impact behavior. And lastly, I will remember the difference between elicit and emit. I have learned these ideas in other classes. The are very prevalent throughout my study of psychology.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) I love the examples in this section! I felt that they were very clear and easy to understand. While easy to understand they were also very relateable to real life.
5) I always get negative punishment and negative reinforcement confused.When I hear the word negative I tend to think "bad".
6 a,b&c)I will remember that valence is the value placed on a person, thing and can be negative or positive. I will also remember that self-reinforcement can happen even if others involved do not agree. I will also remember that reinforcement is a way to reach a desirable outcome. This can come in handy in everyday situations.
7) Behavior modification is a process that can be easy or hard to do. Some behaviors are easy to change, for example to stop biting my nails. Some behvaiors are hard to change, for example drug addictions.
8) No. No matter how difficult it is to change the desired, there is a way to change the desired behavior.
9) ABCs of Behavior Modification, elicit, emit, reinforcement, negative punishment, negative reinforcement, valence

BLS
1.1
1). What i liked about this chapter was how easy it was to understand exactly what the ABC's where and how they intertwine with each other. It didn't have any extra information only the things we needed to know about the ABC's. The chapter had many diagrams to help you understand each of the ABC's which made it easy to understand.
2).I really liked this chapter as an introduction to Behavior modification. It had easy and short examples. But there has to be more factors when determining behavior modifications other then the ABC's which I'm sure we will discuss.
3.) The three things I will remember from this chapter is if the antecedent is controlled we can predict the consequences. Another thing i will remember is that we are usually unaware of the ABC's of behavior modifications on a daily basis. The third thing is that our environment will help to control behavior like the example of most people will not tell a joke at a funeral. This is mostly common sense but some people don't understand it.

1.2
4).This section was also very easy to read which I liked and easy to understand. I liked it because of the flow charts that helped when understanding the concepts that were being discussed in this chapter.
5). I didn't like how there wasn't many completed examples to go back and check my own filled in flow charts. That was kind of different from the first where there was a lot of filled in flow charts then you can go back in fill in your own chart also. If it had some filled in it would have been easier to comprehend I believe.
6).The first thing that I will remember is if the consequence of the behavior is reinforced positively it will most likely happen more often. Like the example of doing the dishes. The second thing I will remember from this section is that reinforcement and punish are verbs. That reinforcer and punisher are nouns and also that the adjectives are reinforcing and punishing, I will remember these because first its common sense and secondly it is used all the time in this textbook.
7).Prior to these chapters I didn't know that much about behavior mod. other then that environment plays a role in the type of behavior used at certain times in life. I haven't had a lot of classes discuss behavior mod.
8).It has changed my way of thinking about behavior mod. a lot in the fact that I haven't had a lot of education about it and these two chapters have already helped me understand it a lot more.
9.) ABC'S, Reinforcement, reinforcer,reinforcing, Punishment,Punisher and punishing.


Section 1.1

1 a&b) I liked how this section broke down and simplified the ABCs and did a good job of explaining things. I also liked the brevity of the section.

2) I did not really find much to dislike about this section as it was only an introduction and I believe that we will get more in-depth with the subject as time goes on.

3 a,b&c) I will remember the ABCs (antecedent, behavior, consequence) of behavior. I will also remember that in our day-to-day lives we are often unaware of the ABCs. I will also remember that social cues influence our behavior. I will also remember that environments can punish as well.

Section 1.2

4 a&b) I really liked that this section brought back the ABCs from section 1.1 and asked me to apply new material from this section with the old section.

5) I disliked that this section seemed to move very quickly. I learn better with a lot of examples, but now I will be able to adapt better and what to expect from other sections.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

6a,b&c) I will remember valence is the psychological value we place on something (whether positive or negative). I will also remember the difference between punishment and reinforcement--punishment being a consequence that will most likely decrease behavior in the future and reinforcement being a consequence that will most likely increase behavior in the future. I will also remember that self-reinforcement can also cause a person to continue behavior even if they are punished by it. I will remember these because they are very key in the study of behavior modification.

7)I thought that behavior modification was an interesting subject, but I was only really familiar with the ABCs and did not have that much knowledge on the subject and have had more experience with cognition.

8) These sections have already made me look forward to learning more about behavior modification. Throughout the first two sections, I became interested in learning more about the relationship between the ABCs and learning how to apply them to every day life.

9) ABCs of Behavior Modification (antecedent, behavior, consequence), punishment, reinforcement, environment, self-reinforcement.

AML
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoy how the content is easy to understand and that the text makes you interact with what you are learning. The discussion questions make you go back and think about what you had just read.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed this chapter, but I feel as though there has to be more to do with manipulation.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
From this section, I will remember the ABC concept and the fact that they stand for antecedent, behavior, and consequences. I will also remember the difference between elicit and emit. The last thing I will remember is that environment can bring about behavioral change. I will remember these because I felt as though these were the highlights of the section.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
In this section, I enjoyed the charts and the little activities/questions scattered throughout the readings. Answering those questions helps me to really understand what I have just read.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed this section, but I had already been familiar with reinforcement and punishment; therefore, it was a bit of just a refresher for me.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
From this section, I will remember self-reinforcement because this is something that I can use to help myself with certain behaviors. I will also remember that valence refers to the psychological value placed on a person, place or thing. Lastly, I will remember that reinforcement is promoting a good behavior and punishment is trying to stop a bad behavior.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading, I had thought that changing a behavior was hard and that punishment was probably the fastest or easiest way to get over a bad behavior.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Now, I still feel that changing a behavior is a process but reinforcement could be a better way to change. I think if I needed to change a behavior within myself, I would try to use a type of self-reinforcement. I feel as though I would benefit more from reinforcement.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post
Terms used: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, punishment, reinforcement, valence, self-reinforcement.

ALR 1.1 & 1.2
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? One thing I really liked about section 1.1 was that it was very easy to understand and laid out the foundations of Bmod very well. I also thought that the exampled used in the book were very clear and the helped me understand the ABC’s and remember them with the examples given.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? What I least liked about this section or what I wanted to least like, was the fact that ABC’s break it down so simply. I always thought so much more went into how we can get people to do what we expect, but hopefully after this class I will find it to be much more simple than I thought.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? The first thing I will remember from this section is that the ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence, because I am a visual learner and the graphs were very helpful. The second this I will remember is that actually taking the time to do the questions in the reading really helps me understand the material. And the third thing I will remember is to connect the definitions with the examples provided so that I can remember them in the future.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? I really enjoyed how clear the examples are and how well they work with the definitions. I also like the fact that the book makes it very easy to comprehend the information given. The diagrams are also very helpful and easy to understand.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? Although helpful, writing the three sentences got to be a bit repetitive. A matching section at the end I think would have been helpful to see if I could really distinguish one definition from the other.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? One thing I will remember from this chapter is the difference between reinforcement and punishment, because I have roommate who is terrible at dishes so I am going to try and use these procedures on her. The second thing I will remember is that the ABC’s can help me understand that we can better control outcomes by changing the antecedent. And lastly I will remember that what might be self-reinforcing to one person may not be to the next, because each person has their own motivators and intentions.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I did not think that behavior modification would be broken down so easily. I figured there would be much more to it, but I think it is going to be very interesting to learn about and I am excited for the rest of this class.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? I thought it would be broken down by age groups and even gender possibly, not by a system of ABC’s, but now seeing how easy it is to understand and make connections with the examples and information I am even more excited for the rest of this class.

Key words: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Self-Reinforcing, Motivators, Modification, Reinforcement, Punishment.

SEA

1.One thing I really liked in this section was all the examples. The examples in the boxes really helped me understand more than just terms and definitions written out. This section really broke down what the ABC’s are and how to understand them. It was a general overview and very clear so that’s what I liked about it.
2.The thing I liked least about this section was that it made it seem so easy to be able to control and manipulate people’s behaviors when in reality, I don’t think it’s that easy.
3.Three things I will definitely remember from this section will be what the ABC’s are, the example about telling a joke at a party vs telling a joke at a funeral and how the consequence changes, and also that every single behavior we emit has a consequence, even if we don’t realize it.
4.One thing I liked about this section was the major breakdown of reinforcement vs punishment. This is something I’ve learned about before, but a major breakdown and review was something I liked.
5.Something I didn’t really like about this section (and the first one as well) is that we can’t write in our answers in the boxes without printing out the page. Or at least, I don’t know how to! And this section had a lot of chances to write in our own answers.
6.Three things I will remember from this section are the differences between reinforcement and punishment and which one decreases and increases the likelihood of the behavior returning. I will also remember positive and negative valance. And I will also remember that reinforce and punishment can both be a noun, verb, and adjective if used correctly. I’ll remember all three of these because it’s something I’ve seen before briefly besides the valances. I’ll remember the valances because I re-read that part and took note of it.
7.Before I read these sections, I thought behavior modification would be more how to modify your own behavior more than manipulation others. I thought this just because this is what it sounds like to me. Modifying your own behavior to act a certain way or something like that.
8.After reading these sections I now know that behavior modification can be about both modifying both your own behaviors and others. I also learned from these sections that behavior modification isn’t just making someone do something. It’s more of a process to try to reach a desired outcome and I also found out that sometimes the behaviors your trying to get aren’t always the ones you want.
9.Reinforce, punishment, positive valance, negative valance, antecedent, behavior, consequence,

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how this section focused a lot on examples. I can read definitions of terms a hundred times and still be wary about what the word really means. Having multiple examples of the ABCs in chart form really helped me understand the content of the ABCs more. It was really nice how specific this section was to one topic so you don't have a million things being thrown at you at once.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed having the examples of the ABCs and the chart fill ins, but I wish that answers were given to the charts. I like having the practice, but I don't necessarily know if I got the charts right since I can't check my work anywhere. So I may think I understand the content but I might be completely wrong.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
The first thing I will remember from what I read in this section is that the ABCs stand for antedecent, behavior, and consequence. I will remember these because they were the main focus of this section, and also because the section made it pretty clear that knowing the ABCs is very powerful in the study of Behavior Modification. I will also remember that we don't need to know about the ABCs in order for a behavior to occur, but that behaviors occur because of the ABCs. This will help me remember that they occur on a natural basis. Lastly, I will remember that the environment has a strong impact on our behaviors. I believe this is an important basis for understand why behaviors happen.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really like how much the book broke down punishment and reinforcement. This is a very large topic in a lot of psychological fields, and I believe that the book really gave good examples and definitions to help students really understand a topic that is usually just shortly reviewed in other psychology classes.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I love that the book has examples to really help you learn the topics, but they began to get repetitive after a while. I wish there had been other ways you could practice and review the information of this section that was not just writing three practice sentences.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing that I will remember from this section is exactly what reinforcement and punishment are in terms of behaviors. This is important information to know and I believe this section did a great job explaining it in more detail. I will also remember what positive and negative valence are. Prior to reading this section I did not know what these even were, so I focused a lot on this part of the section to get a good understanding. Lastly, I will remember that reinforcement can involve something aversive and punishment can involve something desirable. I feel like this is something important to know because it gives punishment and reinforcement another side of sorts.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I really did not have a clear idea of what behavior modification was before reading these sections. These sections made me realize that where behavior modification is much more in-depth then I thought it would be, it is not going to be an extremely overwhelming topic that will lose me because the book is so thorough.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Prior to reading these sections I really had no idea what behavior modification was. Reading these sections has changed what I originally thought about behavior modification because they gave me more of a background about what I will be learning in this class this semester by breaking down the beginning topics of behavior modification.

Terminology: ABCs, behavior modification, antedecent, behavior, consequence, punishment, reinforcement, positive valence, negative valence


1. Something I really liked about this section was learning more about the ABC’s of behavior modification. It’s now seems very logical how day-to-day interactions and behaviors are shaped by the antecedent and expected consequences. I liked this because it helps to understand why people do and say the things they do when they do them.
2. What I disliked about this section was coming to the realization that there is a reason for doing the things we do, not just by chance or coincidence. Although it is very obvious after reading about it, it’s frustrating to know that my everyday behaviors have an underlying notion.
3. One thing I’ll remember most about the section was the easy to remember vocabulary. I liked how every time there was a questionable word there was another word right next to it to help define. Another thing I will remember most are the examples; they really help understand the material better. For example, when telling a joke at a party compared to telling a joke at a funeral. I will also remember that before being enlightened upon this information, we are so unaware of the ABC’s in our day-to-day behavior.
4. I liked that this section incorporated the section 1.1 materials and built onto that with the use of charts and separate definitions, but also made very obvious how the two were separate and intertwined.
5. The thing I liked least about this section was the discussion of valences, just because they seem like such a simple concept, therefore began to seem redundant.
6. The main thing I will remember most about this section is the important terminology used when speaking of behavior. For example, after the sections go through examples and definitions, it then breaks off and bolds the important word and redefines it. Another thing I like it how the section gives you a chance to practice the terminology to see if you’ve got it. The last thing is self-reinforcement because it’s so important to everyday life.
7. Prior to enrolling in this class and reading these sections, I knew next to nothing about behavior modification. I thought we would learn how to alter our own behavior and/or better ourselves. I thought we’d learn mainly about operant and classical conditioning.
8. These sections changed what I originally thought, because they enlightened me upon the basic concepts in behavior modification and put things more into perspective using the ABC’s of behavior modification with excellent examples, as well as enlightening the fact that there’s more to behavior than most humans know.
9. ABC’s of behavior, valence, self-reinforcement,

BLS Brooke
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked about this section was that it really broken everything down in an easy to understand way. The section used terms that I am not familiar with but they explained in a way that I could understand the meaning of the term. As I was reading if I had a question it would be answered within the next few paragraphs not really knowing anything about Behavior Modification the section breaking the topic down into the ABCs of Behavior Modification.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I liked the most of the section and how it laid everything out but the one thing I didn’t like was the number of things that you had to fill out. They were helpful to me but I think if I saw how it was done and then did it myself that would be enough instead of me having to do it more than once. But I think it’s a good idea if someone was struggling with understanding the material.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember the ABCs Antecedent, Behavior and Consequence. I will because the section broke everything down and had a lot of examples to make sure that I know what it was telling me before it moved onto the next section.
b) I will also remember is that peoples behaviors are often manipulated by others actions/behaviors or even by the environment. I will remember this because I was not that aware of it before and it’s something that I can be looking for now when I’m out in the world.
c) I will also remember that the antecedent/environment, can be used to predict the consequence of the some possible behavior. The section used the example of telling a joke. It talks about when telling a joke and you want to go over well then you want it to be in an antecedent is known for having a lighter way of being or spirit.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I like that this section used some important I learned in the last section to help me understand what’s its teaching in this section. I’m a visual learner so the pictures and diagrams helped understand more. And in this section I liked how it was breaking it down into two basic behavioral principles reinforcement and punishment helped me again understand.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Again like what I said about the first section in that there are a lot of examples that we have to fill out. It shows what to do and then asked me to have three examples for like everything and I think not everything needs an three examples. I just think it’s a little repetitive and not necessary.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember other terms like self-reinforcement because that helped me understand that an individual has a lot of say in if they are going to do something and that it’s not just up to only the influence of other people and the environment.
b) I will remember the difference between Reinforcement and Punishment. The fact that Reinforcement is to increase the frequency of a behavior and that Punishment is used to decrease frequency of a behavior.
c) I will also remember that all of my behaviors have consequences. That when I do something it changes things and causes something else to happen sometimes
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before I just thought behavior modification was just something the scientist did to the test subject. I also didn’t think it was something that someone did for themselves I just thought it was someone else effecting you not your own actions effecting you.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading this I see that behavior modification is done my others to others but also within a person. I also see that the environment effect if someone is going to do a behavior again or not. And reinforcement and punishment also affect people’s behavior.
terms
punishment, reinforcement, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABC’s of behavior, self-reinforcement.

BLS Brooke
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked about this section was that it really broken everything down in an easy to understand way. The section used terms that I am not familiar with but they explained in a way that I could understand the meaning of the term. As I was reading if I had a question it would be answered within the next few paragraphs not really knowing anything about Behavior Modification the section breaking the topic down into the ABCs of Behavior Modification.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I liked the most of the section and how it laid everything out but the one thing I didn’t like was the number of things that you had to fill out. They were helpful to me but I think if I saw how it was done and then did it myself that would be enough instead of me having to do it more than once. But I think it’s a good idea if someone was struggling with understanding the material.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember the ABCs Antecedent, Behavior and Consequence. I will because the section broke everything down and had a lot of examples to make sure that I know what it was telling me before it moved onto the next section.
b) I will also remember is that peoples behaviors are often manipulated by others actions/behaviors or even by the environment. I will remember this because I was not that aware of it before and it’s something that I can be looking for now when I’m out in the world.
c) I will also remember that the antecedent/environment, can be used to predict the consequence of the some possible behavior. The section used the example of telling a joke. It talks about when telling a joke and you want to go over well then you want it to be in an antecedent is known for having a lighter way of being or spirit.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I like that this section used some important I learned in the last section to help me understand what’s its teaching in this section. I’m a visual learner so the pictures and diagrams helped understand more. And in this section I liked how it was breaking it down into two basic behavioral principles reinforcement and punishment helped me again understand.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Again like what I said about the first section in that there are a lot of examples that we have to fill out. It shows what to do and then asked me to have three examples for like everything and I think not everything needs an three examples. I just think it’s a little repetitive and not necessary.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember other terms like self-reinforcement because that helped me understand that an individual has a lot of say in if they are going to do something and that it’s not just up to only the influence of other people and the environment.
b) I will remember the difference between Reinforcement and Punishment. The fact that Reinforcement is to increase the frequency of a behavior and that Punishment is used to decrease frequency of a behavior.
c) I will also remember that all of my behaviors have consequences. That when I do something it changes things and causes something else to happen sometimes
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before I just thought behavior modification was just something the scientist did to the test subject. I also didn’t think it was something that someone did for themselves I just thought it was someone else effecting you not your own actions effecting you.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading this I see that behavior modification is done my others to others but also within a person. I also see that the environment effect if someone is going to do a behavior again or not. And reinforcement and punishment also affect people’s behavior.
terms
punishment, reinforcement, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABC’s of behavior, self-reinforcement.

1 a). I enjoyed that you asked us our opinion on Behavior Modification right away. Asking a question right away gets our thought process, and critical thinking, going immediately.
b). This way, we could clearly form and state our thoughts on the topic we were about to understand more in depth.
2. The only thing I disliked during this section was that we are not getting feedback on our answers to the questions in the sections. Although they are opinion based, I would enjoy hearing your input on the topics.
3 a). Behaviors occur because of the ABC's, and they may occur naturally or automatically. Through your explanations and examples, I fully understand the difference between what it means for a behavior to be natural or automatic.
b). Every behavior we do has an antecedent and a consequence. Behaviors, we obviously all do them, so it is something that we can all relate to. This, so far, is the easiest thing to remember. Breaking it down into three separate parts makes it even easier to understand why we do certain things.
c). Antecedents directly refer or relate to the environment. Knowing this, we can manipulate the behavior, therefor changing the consequence. This fact is key in understanding and mastering behavior modification.
4. I enjoyed reading about the reinforcement and punishment manipulations the most. I feel this is the easiest, and most common, way to change a behavior/consequence, so understanding it will definitely be an advantage.
5. One thing that was confusing to me, and I disliked, was the interchange of positive/negative and desirable/undesirable. You told us to avoid using positive/negative in regards to consequences, yet there were times in this section where you used it as such. I suppose I will understand better when you explain how to correctly use positive and negative.
6 a). After reading through this section, the desirable aspect of reinforcement and punishment is extremely clear to me. Understanding these can manipulate one's behavior in your favor.
b). When I initially read the sentence 'we can have a pleasurable outcome that involves something aversive' I didn't understand it. Once I read your example, it all made sense.
c). Self-reinforcement, I always knew this was a thing, but never knew the actual phrase for it. Self-reinforcement can come from an internal or external source, and plays a major role in behaviors.
7. In my mind, behavior modification almost seemed mad scientist, crazy. Even just reading through two sections so far, my outlook on this subject has totally changed. It isn't an avenue of devious manipulation, but actually manipulation for the better.
8. By reading through your literature, I have a more in depth understanding of what it actually means to manipulate someone's behavior and how that can affect the overall consequence.
9. Behaviors-naturally and automatically, Antecedent, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Manipulations, Pleasurable, Aversive, Self-Reinforcement.

1. A) One thing I really liked about this section were the examples of how important the antecedent is for the consequence even when the behavior is the same, like the example of laughing at a funeral. B) I found that part to be an interesting reminder of how our social cues and environment guide what is acceptable behavior.
2. A) The thing that I liked the least was that I was hoping the reading would go more in depth with how controlling the antecedent and consequence controls the behavior. B) I felt this way because I couldn't help but think of parents who control who their children are friends with to control the consequence (what kinds of people they’re being shaped by) when the children end up becoming defiant and spend time with whoever they want instead. I guess when I thought of this example I became confused how retaliation fits into the ABC’s when the intent of the antecedent/environment backfires.
3. A) Three things I will remember from this section include how in order to control behavior you must control the antecedent. I’ll remember this because it’s imperative to know if you want to control behavior. B) Second, that antecedent includes social cues and the environment. This idea will stick with me because it opens my mind to what all could qualify as an antecedent C) Lastly, that any behavior can be examined through the ABC’s of Behavior Modification. I’ll remember this because even natural behaviors that aren't cognizant of the ABC’s are following this pattern.
4. A) One thing that I really appreciated in this section was the repetition in distinguishing between reinforcement and punishment B) because so often people mix them up.
5. The thing that I liked the least was the confusing nature of positive and negative and how these words shouldn't be applied to valences or consequences.
6. A) Three things I will remember from this section include that reinforcement and reinforcement procedures are different because the first is naturally occurring and the second takes a conscious effort. B) Second, that valence is any desirable or aversive thing. It’s a new word to me and stuck out from the rest. C) Third, I’ll remember that reinforcement can deal with aversive valences and that punishment can deal with pleasurable valances. This idea will stay in my memory because of the example of the Xbox being taken away for undesirable behavior.
7. Prior to the readings, I thought behavior modification applied to fewer situations because I thought it mainly extended to trying to extinguish an undesired behavior like drug abuse or encourage/elicit desirable behavior in settings like school and the home. I didn't quite realize that every action can be broken down by the ABC’s of Behavior Modification.
8. Reading this material has made me realize how much more widespread behavior modification is and how many more areas of life it can be useful in. Once I learn the manipulation side of behavior modification, I can use it to improve my study habits, lead a healthier lifestyle, in relationships, and everything!
9. ABC’s of Behavior Modification, antecedent, behavior, consequence, valence, punishment, reinforcement, reinforcement procedures, elicit

nice job with the post

1. I really liked the idea of antecedents in the ABC’s. I never considered what “sets the occasion” to cause your behavior. We don’t consider these three ABC’s when thinking of our behavior. I liked trying to consider different antecedents and what different consequences came with them.
2. One thing I disliked was the idea of not being able to use positive/negative when speaking of outcomes. I mean, it makes sense, but I still feel like positive can be synonymous with desirable.
3. I will remember the difference between reinforcements and punishments because I’ve only been used to punishments being more recognized, so it was nice to see reinforcements as another option to acquire a certain result. Another thing I will remember is the idea of controlling the antecedents. I never considered being able to change the environment to make the consequence change. I will also remember the hint of bias both authors had towards reinforcement. There seemed to be more discussed on the issue, which was okay because I believe in it more now.
4. I really liked the idea of reinforcement because it seems as if it would work better than punishment.
5. I disliked the term valence. It just didn’t seem to make sense to me.
6. I will remember that reinforcements get you desirable outcomes and that punishment may not. Another thing I will remember is the idea of reinforcements that are ordinarily aversive. I never thought getting my tooth pulled to take away the pain would be considered reinforcement. I will also remember the emphasis on using pleasurable and aversive rather than positive and negative.
7. I thought behavior modification was literally changing others’ behaviors. It seems to be more about changing your own environments and/or behaviors to get a certain outcome.
8. Now I am aware that it is more about recognizing your own surroundings and behaviors. There were so many different ways of reinforcing that it made it apparent that people can choose their own behaviors based on what outcome they want.
9. Terminology: antecedents, consequences, reinforcements, punishments, valence, aversive, pleasurable, behavior modification

you are right it is hard to get in the habit of using positive and negative differently from how we commonly use the terms....thanks

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how behavior modification was introduced, it’s an introduction that is not confusing or overtly expressed in terms I don’t understand. I like how the terms introduced are also explained with examples.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn’t like that the definition for antecedent was not clearly identified. Other than that, I enjoyed the rest of the reading.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that the ABC’s are essential to understanding behavior modification, the environment affects the consequence of our behavior, and that manipulation is not always a bad thing.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked that it had us come up with our own examples of reinforcement and punishment.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I thought that it was confusing when the reading discussed the noun and adjective and verb of the word, so I didn’t really like that part of the reading.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
When the behavior is reinforced it is more likely to be increased, and if the behavior is punished it is more likely to be decreased, and also that punishment can involve something desirable.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought that it was a certain technique to modify or change behavior. I thought this because behavior modification seems like it involves changes in behavior.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I didn’t think that punishment could involve something desirable because I have always seen punishment as a bad thing.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Punishment, behavior modification, desirable, antecedent, consequence, manipulation, reinforcement

Good job. But don't forget to answer the why part of the questions.

Tessa Dinsdale (temp account)

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I really enjoyed how simple everything was to learn. While you would think behaviors would have this big, complex explanation, it really does not. Antecedents, behaviors, and consequences have a special relationship that is pure and simple. It is kind of weird to think I have been experiencing this with every behavior I do each day.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

This was a very cookie-cutter section to read, but I would not have minded a few more somewhat deeper examples. Sure, everyday behaviors are simple to understand, but what about extreme behaviors such as murder? That would be interesting to look at!

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

I will remember that the ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.
I will remember that each component of the ABC’s happens naturally and automatically.
I will remember that behaviors can be easily manipulated, because these components are so simple to understand.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I liked how they finally got to the point about self-reinforcement. The whole first part of this section I was thinking about how people will most of the time do what they need to do for themselves. If someone needs to rub up against a wall awkwardly to take care of an itch – let them be.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I was starting to get a little mixed up when they were talking about the mixture of reinforcement and punishment. It was a little confusing to remember that a positive could come from a negative. It just took a little more though, which is completely fine!

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that punishment will decrease frequency of behavior.
I will remember that reinforcement will increase frequency of behavior.
I will remember that self-reinforcement is important to remember when considering what people need to do for themselves.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought it was a pretty complicated subject. I am an Economics major, so I am not familiar will a lot of this kind of information. I figured that everything in psychology had a long, meaningful explanation.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It has changed my thinking quite a bit. It all seems pretty black and white to me, which is a nice breath of fresh air. It all seems fairly simple and easy to understand so far. If you want someone to behave a certain way, you either reinforce or punish.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedents – occur before a behavior
Behavior – action that produces a consequence
Consequence – occurs after a behavior and is related to the antecedent
Self-Reinforcement – the self-delivery of a consequence
Reinforcement – action to increase frequency of behavior
Punishment – action to decrease frequency of behavior

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that the ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.
I will remember that each component of the ABC’s happens naturally and automatically.
I will remember that behaviors can be easily manipulated, because these components are so simple to understand.
****
Don't forget to answer the WHY part of the questions

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

I will remember that the ABC’s stand for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.
I will remember that each component of the ABC’s happens naturally and automatically.
I will remember that behaviors can be easily manipulated, because these components are so simple to understand.

Knowing each of these important components will be the foundation for my further knowledge of this class.

1. The level of understanding that is attained from the reading is my most favored aspect. Behavior modification is a subject of which I am academically unaware, at first I was hesitant to do the assignment, because I thought that the reading would be difficult. What I came to find was that I was psyching myself out. The information in the first section is quite basic, and I appreciate that, so my favorite part about this section is not what it contains, rather the knowledge about what I can expect.

Also, actually writing out the diagrams, and physically filling them in using the ABC model, gave me greater understanding of the differences and similarities between antecedent, behaviors, and consequences through a feedback loop. Knowing that A and C can be controlled in order to control B is quite powerful.

2. There wasn't much to dislike about the reading, but it would have to be the realization of how I am constantly manipulated, and manipulating in both a pleasurable and an aversive sense.

3 Three things that I will remember from the section include 1. that A and C can be controlled, 2. that if you know the relationship that A and C possess, then the behavior is apparent, 3. how to write and ABC model. I will remember these components because they are clearly stated in the reading, and I have put them in my notes.

4 The clarification of reinforcement, reinforce, and reinforcing, as well as the punishment, punisher, and punishing terms, and what they represent helped me to distinguish what they are in relation to behavioral modification.

5) Self-reinforcement was what I liked the least, I found those examples to be the most difficult to compose.

6 1. Negative reinforcement is the taking away of something that an individual would normally enjoy.
2. Reinforcement differs from a reinforce-r, and reinforcing.
3. Valence is the psychological value given to something or someone-I had not been familiarized with this term before.
They are in my notes, I have now put them in my notes twice...I hope I will remember.

7) I generally did not give behavior modification a lot of thought, but I now realize that I do it quite often.

8) The readings have allowed me to open a new world of thought throughout my daily life, and have me more intrigued that ever.

9) Antecedents, Behavior, Consequences, Manipulation, Reinforcement, Punishment, Self-reinforcement

shit, I don't know if my initials showed up on my comment or not, ALK AUGUST 29 5:14

they showed up, sometimes you just need to refresh the browser to see what was recently added.

nice job with the assignment. make sure you answer the part of the questions that as why? this is a very important part of the question.

good job. remember to answer all of the why questions. Thanks.

HLJ

1.) In section 1.1, I really enjoyed the examples. I found it very helpful in fully understanding and recognizing the differences between the antecedent, behavior, and consequence.
2.) In this section there was nothing in particular that did not like or least liked. All the information shared in section 1.1 seems to be pertinent to understanding the section.
3.) I will remember that the ABC’s are not linear. There is a feedback loop that connects the consequence back to the antecedent. It helps us understand the relationships between the ABC’s. Secondly, I will remember that we should begin to get in the habit of using the terms pleasurable and aversive instead of positive and negative. Positive and negative may take of different meanings to others by using the terms pleasurable and aversive we are pretty clear about our intentions. Thirdly, I will also remember manipulation is not always a “bad” thing. It can be used to manipulate other’s behavior in a helpful way.
4.) In section 1.2, I really enjoyed how you picked our brains and gave us a chance to put into action what we just learned by giving us those blank boxes within the reading.
5.) Personally, I wish there was more examples. As the information got thicker and more pieces came into the puzzle, I found it slightly harder to understand the differences. The text clearly spells out the differences but it was hard for me to put them all into place on my own. I do expect we will be discussing this in class more in depth.
6.) Firstly, I will remember that reinforcement is a procedure used to increase the frequency of the behavior. I will remember punishment is a procedure used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. These two definitions are the foundation of understanding behavior modification. Secondly, I will remember that valance (a word I’ve never used before) is used to describe the psychological value on a person, place, or thing. I also noted that it is important to use pleasurable valance and undesirable valance, instead of positive and negative. Thirdly, I always found it interesting how someone not funny could actually find their jokes funny. I can now thank the idea of self-reinforcement. I think that was a very good example of self-reinforcement.
7.) Prior to this reading, I did not really have an opinion on what behavior modification is. I honestly did not know much about it except that it is what the title of the class is. The modification of behavior. From looking through all these blogs I can now get a taste of all that I have to look forward to learning in this class.
8.) I did not realize how much all this makes sense. In everyday life I experience the ABC’s without even giving it much thought. When it is placed into words I am able to step back and think more critically at all my interactions throughout the day.
9.) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Pleasurable, Aversive, Punishment, Reinforcement, Valance, Self-Reinforcement, Manipulation.

good job

RLS
1) One thing I really liked in this section was all of the examples that were shown of antecedents, behaviors, and consequences. I liked the examples because they were easy to understand and they helped me to learn about how antecedents and consequences affect behavior. This also helped me to learn about the fact that consequences and antecedents have a large impact on each other. For example, the ABC's diagram that showed At a funeral, telling a joke, and sour look showed how consequences can be greatly affected by antecedents. If the antecedent were different, the consequence would be different. These examples broke down the details of how pleasurable or aversive consequences can occur based on the antecedent of the behavior.
2) One thing in this section that I did not like very much was how many examples I had to complete myself. Some of it was good practice, but I felt tired of completing some of the examples and I was ready to move on to new material after completing one or two of the practice examples.
3) Three things I will remember from this chapter are: Antecedents can have a lot to do with the location of a person or the situation that a person is in, we can control behaviors of ourselves and others by controlling the antecedents or what happens before a person emits a behavior, and multiple behaviors can result in the same consequences. I will remember all of these things because they were pieces of information that I had never put much thought into before reading this chapter, and while reading this section I had to think a lot about them and I took notes about these pieces of information.
4) One thing I liked about this section is the fact that it explained the difference between reinforcement with great detail. It explained that reinforcement involves doing something in order to encourage a behavior and increase the frequency of that behavior, and punishment is used to decrease the frequency of behavior. I liked how much detail this section showed because it showed examples of how reinforcement and punishment are used and that helped me to understand reinforcement and punishment.
5) I did not like having to create multiple examples on my own that involved reinforcement and punishment. It was good to practice some of it, but I did not enjoy making very many examples of those things, because it became monotonous and did not seem like I was making any more progress with it after a little while.
6) Three things I will remember from this section are: The difference between punishment and reinforcement is the fact that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of behavior and punishment is used to discourage a behavior and cause it to happen less. I will remember this because I have heard this before and this reading helped me understand it even more. I will also remember that "aversive" means unpleasant, because I have never heard that word and I wrote it down and made sure that I understood what it meant. Aversive behaviors can be like "punishers" and can discourage a behavior and decrease the frequency of behaviors. I will also remember that positive valence is referring to pleasant or attractive qualities and negative valence is the exact opposite. I will remember this because I had never heard of these terms, so I made sure to take a note of this and I had to spend a little more time learning these new terms.
7) Prior to reading these sections, I did not know very much about behavior modification. I basically thought that behavior modification involved conditioning and changing habits, but I now realize that it involves many aspects, including antecedents and consequences. I had never thought much about behavior modification and I did not realize how much there is to learn about it. I thought it was simple and only involved conditioning.
8) These sections changed what I think about behavior modification because now I realize that behavior modification has many aspects, as I mentioned before. Behavior modification is more than just conditioning and reinforcement. My ideas have changed because now I know that behavior modification can have a lot to do with a person's situation and environment and what happens before a behavior occurs, and not just the consequences of a behavior.
9)Antecedents, reinforcement, punishment, valence, behavior, consequence, aversive, frequency, positive valence, negative valence, behavior modification, conditioning, ABC.

great job! good detailed responses! thanks!

KNS

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked learning all about behavior modification and the whole break down of the Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequences. It was really helpful the multiple examples that were given to show how consequence is a result of the behavior and the behavior being a result of what the antecedent is. I also liked how it opened my eyes to how unaware we really are to the majority of behaviors we do emit daily. Also how easy it really is to simply change basic behaviors that we do.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I overall really enjoyed the first chapter everything was very clear and easy to understand. If there was anything I liked least about it though was probably the examples. Although they were very helpful and helped me understand the ABC’S it didn’t really challenge me or make me really have to think too much. I think a more challenging example would allow us to really think about the antecedent, behavior, and consequence verses it just being common sense and no thought really put into it.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things that I will definitely remember from this section is one- what ABC’s stands for- Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. I will also remember some of the important vocabulary that stood out to me such as emit, elicit, aversive, and salient. I will be sure to start using these terms when discussing behavioral modification. Lastly I will remember the few examples given to me when trying to distinguish between what the antecedent, behavior, and consequences are in future situations.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
There were multiple things I really liked about this section but one of the things I liked most was definitely the detailed examples this section had on punishment and reinforcement. The examples help insure that I know what everything means that I maybe didn’t understand in just the reading.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I can’t say I disliked anything about this section. It was filled with a lot of clear information and examples which I found helpful. But I definitely found this section harder to apply my own examples of reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, along with punishment, punisher, and punishing. Along with still fully understanding the following terms.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
First thing I will remember from this section is reinforcement and punishments are very similar in that they both involve a behavior and a consequence just like an antecedent. Another thing I will remember from this section is how important it is that the nouns are reinforces and punishers and the adjectives are reinforcing and punishing. Last thing I will remember from this section is how the valence can overall be pleasurable and good but also unpleasant and undesirable.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before I did the reading for these sections I didn’t really have much of an opinion or thought really of behavior modification I haven’t really had any previous knowledge about it but have always found it interesting how you can simple change your own and others behaviors.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Since I didn’t really have much of a previous opinion or thought of behavior modification it hasn’t changed much than just exposing me to all that behavior modification really is. It also exposed me to all the new terms that they use to describe things that I use to describe with different words.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, elicit, aversive, salient, punishment, reinforcement, reinforcing, punisher, punishing, and valence.

looks good - nice detailed responses

JNK
1.) One thing I really found that I liked from this section was the general overview of what the ABC's of Behavior Modification are. I liked this because it was simplistic, yet informative for the reader to understand at this point in learning about Behavior Modification. The diagrams also made it easy to understand the process of the ABC's and how the antecedent sets the behavior which leads to the consequence.
2.) One thing I found that I really disliked were the amount of "the reader fills in" diagrams. I like maybe one or two, but having to fill out these can be time consuming. I appreciate having diagrams for show as examples, but having to fill out multiple diagrams is in my opinion a bit annoying.
3.) Three things I will remember from this section are that firstly, the antecedent sets the occasion for the behavior, it stages the perfect atmosphere for the behavior to occur. Secondly, the behavior can be controlled by ourselves or from other things such as other people and even the weather. Thirdly, when it comes to using the proper terms, using positive and negative is something that shouldn't be done. Instead words such as aversely or pleasurable should be used because positive and negative have different meanings in Behavior Modification.
4.)One thing I really liked in this section was the information learned about self reinforcement. I liked this because it helped me understand why some people continue to do the things they do even though its a behavior not liked. I also realized that I reinforce myself quite a lot.
5.)One thing I found I disliked in this section was again the number of diagrams. I felt that things got a bit repetitive when it came to the diagrams and having to write out sentences. Maybe switching things up would have made it better.
6.)Three things I will remember from this section are firstly, people continue to do things even if the consequence is unfavorable because they sometimes self reinforce themselves. Secondly, that reinforcement can be used to reach a desired outcome/consequence such as a positive and or negative reinforcement strategy. Thirdly, I will remember that valence is the psychological value placed on a person, place or thing.
7.)Prior to reading these sections the most I knew about Behavior Modification was only what we had talked about in class on the first day, and that wasn't very much. I also figured that most of what behavior modification was just reinforcing and conditioning, but in fact its a completely more complex thing.
8.)Reading these sections has changed what I originally thought about Behavior Modification because before I figured Behavior Modification was all about conditioning. That the entire core to BMod was conditioning a person or animal to behave a certain way, when in fact it involves so much more. I learned that the ABC's and the way things are reinforced makes a difference. I also learned that its not what is done that creates the behavior but that it can be things such as the setting that leads to behavior and consequences.
9.)Behavior Modification, valence, ABC'S, behavior, consequences, self reinforce, reinforcement, conditioning, punishment, positive, negative, averse, pleasurable.

there will be a good deal of repetition in this book sorry. it is a teaching technique because we learn through repetition. thanks for the comment.

SCS
1. I liked the interactive nature of this chapter and that fill in questions were woven into the structure of the chapter instead of just being tacked on to the last section because I felt that it helped me know the concepts better and stay more engaged in what I was reading. I also enjoyed learning more about antecedents and feeling confident in understanding the basics of the ABCs of Behavioral Modification.
2. This chapter was very informative and straight forward so in all honesty I don't have anything that I disliked. I did however, find the term or phrase "set the occasion" confusing just because I'm not sure of how it is supposed to be used in relation to antecedents.
3. One thing that I will remember from this chapter is that every behavior has a antecedent and a consequence no matter how insignificant we think the behavior is. It will be interesting and mental gymnastics to find all these components of behavior, but will be something that we won't forget. Another thing I will remember is the concept of a feedback loop. I hadn't yet thought of the way the consequence effects the antecedent. If you are getting a lot of laughs at a party and are having a good time then of course you will go to parties more often. I will remember this because it makes sense to me thinking about behavior as a loop. The third thing I will remember from this chapter is a question asked in one of the fill in boxes. "How do you feel about manipulating someone else? Is it a good or bad thing?" That is a good question to keep in mind when learning strategies of manipulating behavior.
4. I liked the discussion about valence. This was because it was interesting to put a term to an idea that we all have of what things are pleasant and what things are unpleasant.
5. I feel as though I go very confused on the topic of procedure and punishment. I was not able to grasp those concepts as well as I would have liked. I also felt as though this chapter may have been less confusing if it was set up in a slightly different way. I feel as though this was because the text kept flipping back and forth to different concepts in order to explain the terms in the previous section, and visa versa.
6. One thing I will remember is the terms punishment and reinforcement. This is because the examples used made sense to me and the concepts where expounded upon throughout the chapter. The second thing I will remember is the idea of valence. I would like to learn more about if positive and negative valence are personalized and this term also makes me think about what would have valence to me. Thirdly I will remember the term negative reinforcement because I have identified it as a problem term that can be confused.
7. Prior to reading the chapters I associated behavioral modification with B.F. Skinner and general terms such as operant conditioning and simple reinforcement and punishment. I didn't know that there are so many intricacies to modifying behavior. I knew just the bare minimum about conditioning before I read these chapters.
8. Reading these chapters has exposed me to the many subtle ways of modifying behavior. I hadn't thought about the antecedents of a behavior and believed that there was less personal freedom in modifying behavior. There is so much more to behavioral modification than I thought before I read this chapter.
9. Antecedent, set the occasion, consequence, feedback loop, valence, procedure, punishment, reinforcement, positive, negative

good job

PB

1.a&b. What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how easy the section was to follow along with. The examples in the section were really great. They were every day scenarios so they were easy to relate to and visualize. I really enjoyed how some of the boxes were empty so we could fill them out ourselves and see if we know what we are doing.

2.What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I liked everything in this section. I loved the simplicity of it. It introduced the material very well and made me intrigued to keep on reading.

3.a,b&c. What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
From this section one thing I will remember is what the ABC’s are- Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. They were stressed heavily in this section. A second thing I will remember from this section is how environment can have a big impact on your behavior. Third, I will remember that every behavior we do has a consequence to it. I never really thought much about it, but after reading this section my eyes are open to it!

4. a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how we were given the power to come up with our own examples and have it relate to our lives. There were lots of examples used so we could really understand what reinforcement and punishment is.

5.What was one thing that you disliked that was in this section? Why?
One thing that I disliked in this section was the fact that there were so many diagrams we had to fill out. I like doing the diagrams, but I think there were too many.

6.a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember is valence. I haven’t heard that word prior to reading this. It is the psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing. (it can be negative or positive) I will also remember that outcomes that are desirable are reinforcers, while negative outcomes are punishers. Also, I learned how important self-reinforcement is. When we talk about reinforcement, we refer to how the world and others respond to our actions and behaviors.

7.Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before I read these sections I thought behavior modification was such a simple thing. I thought it was basically just changing someones behavior. I did not think there was so much terminology and so much to it. It makes me really excited to learn all about behavior modification.


8.How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these sections it really changed my perception about behavior modification. I learned that the ABC’s are important to behavior modification. There is a lot to behavior modification that I had no idea. I never really gave behavior modification much though. I experience it on a daily basis and I did not even know it.

9.Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terminology: ABC’s of behavior modification, reinforcement, punishment, averse, self-reinforcement, manipulation.

good job with the post. you wrote, "I never really gave behavior modification much though. I experience it on a daily basis and I did not even know it."
I think you are really going to like this class/topic!

AJD
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how this section was set up. Breaking down the ABC's using the charts makes it easy to follow. The use of everyday scenarios instead of outrageous ones makes following along a lot easier. I also liked being able to come up with my own situations and putting the ABCs to work.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn't anything in this section that I didn't like. It was super easy to follow and understand and I think that is a great way to introduce a new topic.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the ABC's because of the use of the charts. I will remember that just because we have one antecedent there are many different behaviors and consequences to go with them. I will also remember that manipulation is not always a bad thing even though the word has a negative connotation because of the examples given at the end of the section.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how this section of the chapter also allowed us to come up with our own scenarios in order to better grasp the concepts.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I found myself becoming confused while reading this section and may not understand these concepts as well as I should. I think putting all of the similar information together would have made it a little easier to follow.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that reinforcement is used to increase a behavior and punishment is used to decrease a behavior, based on the charts at the beginning of the section. I will remember that valence is the value we place on a person, place, or thing because in my head I relate Valence=value.I will also remember that the ABCs are not linear because based on the antecedent and the consequence the behavior could be a million things.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to these sections I really had no grasp on what behavior modification was. I was expecting to learn ways to change behavior. I had no idea there was a psychological aspect to it.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these sections I realize what behavior modification is and I am excited to get further into what I now know will be an exciting and interesting class.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABC's of behavior modification, behavior, reinforcement, punishment,valence,consequence.

good job

JER

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I liked that this section gave a good outline for what the rest of the class will be covering. It broke down the ABCs several times to make sure it was understood. I liked that because it will be an important building block for the rest of the course.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I thought the examples where we are supposed to fill in some of the boxes for the ABCs were maybe too simple. I’m glad they are simple to start out with, but I’m guessing the examples won’t always be that simple.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

I will remember that A stands for the antecedent and that the environment we are in before we emit a behavior is very important to what kinds of behaviors we will emit. By controlling the antecedent and the consequence, modifying behavior can be relatively easy. The third thing I remember is what the ABCs stand for. I will remember this because it is easy to remember and it will be important for the rest of the course.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I liked all the examples and blank boxes to fill out while reading. I liked this because it helped me understand the reading and by taking the time to fill these out, it will help me understand the concepts going forward.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

There wasn’t anything that I particularly disliked in this section. It was easy to read and understand the concepts of reinforcers and punishers.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

Valence was new to me. Valence is the psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing. I will remember that negative reinforcement consists of removing something with negative valence and that negative punishment means removing something with positive valence. Self-reinforcement is the self-delivery of a consequence following a particular behavior.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

Prior to this reading assignment, I was unaware of the types of things one could do to manipulate behavior.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

I think if you know what to look for and if you know how to use the tools to change behavior, it could be relatively easy to change your own or someone else’s behavior. After the readings, I am able to better understand how to manipulate someone’s behavior or my own behavior.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

ABCs, antecedent, emit, consequence, modifying behavior, reinforcers, punishers, valence, negative reinforcement, negative valence, negative punishment, positive valence, self-reinforcement

good job

ARM
1. It is interesting to see the ever so obvious connections between the three parts of the ABCs. Before reading this I felt as though some of the behaviors that occur are just random, and don't have an antecedent. The truth is we are just a constant link of behaviors and consequences which I think is interesting.

2.I don't like my comfort level of recognizing what is each component of the ABCs. To me the example given about the joke being the behavior and laughing the consequence was something I understood. The part that I am not sure about is the antecedent. I would have thought something such as thinking of the joke would be an antecedent... is that a possibility too? I don't want to over think this like you referenced people do in class, but just some clarity would help in this situation.

3. From reading this section I learned that manipulation of another human being doesn't mean we are being an evil or cruel in person, we manipulate each others' behaviors all day everyday and it can absolutely be pleasurable (and not just in a sexual connotation) I could hold the door open for someone and they could thank me, that would make both of us feel good. The second thing I learned is that when it comes to eliciting behaviors you could have the same consequence, but an entirely different behavior to get to that outcome. This was shown in the example about bringing home food... there are millions of behaviors you can act out in order to bring home food. A third thing that I learned that I believe is important to note is that is doesn't have to be contact with another human being that elicits your next behavior at all. Your example of a person not realizing it is coat season could quickly be reminded by the time they take a few steps outside.

Section 1.2
4. I liked the part talking about how negative reinforcement works. You can have a situation that is pleasurable arise, but only because an aversive behavior caused it.

5. The part I liked the least would be the explanations of the differences between reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. Also the same with punishment, punisher, and punishing. This is only because I had to reread them a couple times to realize it's just simply a grammar lesson.

6. I will remember from this section that a behavior can be self reinforced, and also it could be self punished. You don't have to have an outside source in control of the reinforcement or punishment. Secondly the ABCs are not linear, in fact the A and the C are in constant interaction with each other. I will remember that valence doesn't only have a meaning in chemistry, but also a valuable one in psychology.

7. Prior to reading this I thought that behavior modification was simply going to be about how we can make changes to our lifestyles to lead a more positive life. Clearly I didn't have a very good idea.

8. After these readings it is quite clear that the intentions of this class are to get us in the mindset that all behaviors happen for a reason, but what that reason is and the outcome of the behavior is what we will be dealing with.

9. Terminology: Antecedent
Behavior
Elicit
Consequence
negative reinforcement
aversive
reinforcement
punishment

antecedents precede a behavior. they 'set the context' for a behavior to occur. behaviors always occur in context. i can't think of any behavior that occurs without an antecedent (unless it is a truly random behavior and even then there may be an argument for an antecedent to have elicited it. I can go over this in more depth in class thursday

EJW

1. I find it interesting that they were able to break behavior modification down into categories (antecedent, behavior, consequence) and name it the ABC's which can help others remember it easier. I enjoy it very much because now it makes complete sense to me when I notice what happens before the behavior and after. The chart help a lot too as well as the little space where questions are asked and we are able to write answers. This part helps us better understand the concept as we can relate it to ourselves and our every day lives.

2. One thing I liked least about the section was having to sit down and take the time to read it but once I had finished it turned out to be quite interesting.

3. Three things I will remember in this section are the ABCs for sure (antecedent, behavior, consequence) and how they differ depending on the situation. I will also remember that feedback is also important when it comes to behavior because it is part of the ABC relationship. One other thing I will remember is to use the words pleasurable and aversive rather than using the words positive or negative.

4.One thing I liked about section 1.2 were all the diagrams about reinforcement and punishment because it helped me better understand what the section was talking about.

5. One thing I disliked about this section was how I have learned about reinforcement and punishment before so it was not new to me and therefore I did not find it as intriguing although it was a good way to refresh my memory.

6.I will remember the difference between reinforcement and punishment because I have learned about it before and was just taught again. Another thing I will remember is reinforcement means the behavior will more than likely increase where as punishment the behavior will more than likely decrease. I will also remember the difference between positive valence and negative valence because positive valence is pleasant and desirable and negative valence is the opposite which won't be too difficult to remember.

7. Prior to reading these sections I did not know much about behavior modification except that it changes in different environments which I find interesting. I did not know about everything else that could affect behavior as well and how much of a role the environment plays in it.

8. After reading these sections I realize there are other ways to change future behavior such as using reinforcement and punishment and that there is such thing as self reinforcement as well.

9. List of terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, punishment, negative valence, positive valence, self reinforcement, behavior

good job. hopefully we will get into a level of dealing with reinforcement and punishment that goes beyond your existing knowledge. thanks

BC
Section 1.1

1) One thing that I really liked in this section would be the visual overview of the ABC’s. I liked this because seeing the feedback loop between antecedent, behavior, and consequence really helps put the idea of behavior modification into perspective. Then using these boxes with different antecedent boxes but the same behavior box, shows how one behavior can result in very different consequences depending on the antecedent.

2) If there was anything to like the least it would have to be this section being a little too short and simple. These topics I’ve read about before in other psychology classes, so easing into it with the very basics is kind of boring. However, I know not everyone has been through the same psychology courses and professors before they take this course, so they could be on different knowledge levels. They may need the basics explained more simply and clearly to start off.

3) The three things I will remember from this section will most definitely be antecedent, behavior, and consequences. This is because they are the ground work for any behavior modification. Knowing how the antecedent, usually the environment, can so profoundly elicit different behaviors is vital in manipulating people successfully. Also, the effect of emitting a behavior in different antecedents can result in vastly different consequences, which can be aversive or pleasurable, is very important.

Section 1.2

4) I really like the introduction of new material to me, and the new ways to describe terms I’ve seen before. Before this, I didn’t have a professor explain the differences and similarities of reinforcement, reinforce, and reinforcing or punishment, punisher, and punishing. Focusing on each individual aspect really helped break down the process of behavior modification.

5) One thing I disliked was the lack of examples and clear explanations of negative reinforcement and negative punishment. It would help to see a diagram that explained it more clearly. As far as I understand it, negative punishment is removing something desirable as a consequence of a behavior in an effort to weaken that behavior. And negative reinforcement is the removal of something undesirable as a consequence of a behavior in an effort to strengthen that behavior.

6) The three things I will remember from this section are valence, negative reinforcement and punishment, self-reinforcement. I will remember valence because this is the first time I’ve learned a specific term for the mental value placed on a something, and in regards to describing the punishers and reinforcers. For example, how negative punishment involves the removal of a positive valence to end an undesirable behavior. I will remember negative reinforcement and punishment because I spent a fair amount of time thinking of examples of them with and without the negative. Self-reinforcement I will definitely remember because it’s a new interesting topic too me. The idea of specifically focusing on the reinforcer of a behavior is self-delivered is new. Like it was mentioned in the section, most of the time people think of reinforcement or punishment in regards to other people’s reactions. This self-reinforcement seems to be a highly useful tool for goal setting and manipulating your own life, not just other people.

7) Prior to reading these sections, I though behavior modification had more to deal with classical conditioning and was more of a reaction chain. This is because most psychology classes I took prior to this suggested it was mostly about classical conditioning. However, they were only touching the tip of the subject, and not diving into detail like this course will.

8) Reading these sections I have gained a more through explanation about the subjects of reinforcement and punishment, especially in regards to valence and negative punishment and reinforcement. It has done this by explaining new terms, and demanding me to come up with my own examples.

9) Terms: negative reinforcement, negative punishment, valence (positive and negative), emit, elicit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, pleasurable, punisher, reinforce, reinforcing, punishing, reinforcement, punishment

excellent job. good in depth responses. using a lot of terms. thanks

TLB

Section 1.1

1. A & B) What was one thing you really liked about the section? Why?
I really liked how each section was broken down and explained with examples, especially the joke telling example.

2. What was one thing you disliked about the section? Why?
I wouldn't say there was something I didn't necessarily like about this section, I just felt that it was very repetitive.

3. A, B, & C) What are 3 things you will remember from what you read in this section? Why?
I will most defiantly remember the ABC's. Secondly, if you know the antecedent and the consequence the behavior should be fairly predictable. Lastly, our environment will help control our behavior, for example: if you tell a joke at a funeral be prepared for a sour response.

Section 1.2

4. A& B) What was one thing you really liked about this section? Why?
I really liked how well positive and negative reinforcement were explained, a lot of the time people can get them mixed up.

5. What was one thing you disliked about this section? why?
Much like the previous section I didn't necessarily dislike anything about this section I once again felt it was very repetive.

6. A, B, & C) What are 3 things you'll remember after reading this section? Why?
One thing I will remember is that reinforcement increases a behavior, and punishment decreases a behavior. Secondly, reinforcement and punishment can be both desirable and undesirable. Lastly, prior to reading this section I wasn't aware of what valence was.

7. Prior to reading these sections, what did you think of Behavior Modification? Why?
Prior to reading this sections I thought our behaviors were something we were always trying to work on, such as procrastinating, or a bad habit.

8. How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? Why?
After reading these sections I now realize that there are many different ways to change either your behavior or someone else's behavior. For example: you could use positive reinforcement to encourage a certain type of behavior so it's more likely to happen again.

9. Terms used: ABC's, positive and negative reinforcement, positive and negative valence, desirable and undesirable.

good job - may want to go a bit more in depth with your responses. thanks

CMH

1) There were several things I liked about the reading. One thing I really like about it was the interactive exercises. It was beneficial for me to fill out the flow charts so I could make sure I really understand the material.
2) I don’t think that there was anything I didn’t like about the reading. I liked how it was short, easy to read and understand, and how it was interactive. I also liked how the vocabulary terms were italicized, so I knew what language I should be using when talking about behavior modification.
3) (a) One thing that I will remember about the section is that the antecedent can effect the outcome of the behavior. The behaviors we emit will get different reactions depending on the situation. A joke at a party will make people laugh, but a joke will receive sour looks. (b) Another thing I will remember is that consequences can be pleasurable or aversive. If pleasurable, the behavior is more likely to occur in the future. If aversive, the behavior is less likely to occur. (c) Lastly, I will remember that knowing the antecedent and the consequence will make it easier to predict what the behavior was. If the antecedent was that you were in the orchard and the consequence was that you brought home food, it is very likely that the behavior was that you picked apples.
4) I like how this section established the difference between Reinforcement and Punishment, reinforcer and punisher, and reinforcing and punishing. The first are procedures, the next are nouns, and the last are adjectives. Knowing the difference will help me know how to use these terms.
5) Once again, there is not much that I didn’t like about the chapter. One thing that I think the chapter could stress more (because I was slightly confused about it at first) is that a consequences can be pleasurable. To me, consequence has a very negative connotation, but I know now that that is not always the case. I think the terminology can just be slightly confusing for some readers.
6) (a) One thing I will remember from the chapter is that we should always describe valence using terms like pleasurable and desirable or undesirable and aversive. We cannot use positive and negative because they have their own reserved meaning. (b) Reinforcement or punishment can be described as positive or negative. When you are removing something to change behavior (good or bad), it is negative. When you are adding something (good or bad) it is positive. (c) One more thing that I will remember is that some behaviors are self-reinforcing. A person may keep telling jokes at funerals if they find themselves amusing.
7) Before learning more about this class, I thought that behavior modification was mostly about praising or punishing behaviors. I now realize that there is a lot more to it than that.
8) After learning more, I have realized that there are so many factors that control the behaviors we emit. One thing I did not realize was the importance of the context or antecedent of the behavior. Our behavior changes rapidly depending on the environment we are in. I think that knowing this will make me more aware of the way people act in certain contexts.
9) Vocabulary terms: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, aversive, pleasurable, valence, positive and negative reinforcement, self-reinforcing

good job - thanks

CMH

1) There were several things I liked about the reading. One thing I really like about it was the interactive exercises. It was beneficial for me to fill out the flow charts so I could make sure I really understand the material.
2) I don’t think that there was anything I didn’t like about the reading. I liked how it was short, easy to read and understand, and how it was interactive. I also liked how the vocabulary terms were italicized, so I knew what language I should be using when talking about behavior modification.
3) (a) One thing that I will remember about the section is that the antecedent can effect the outcome of the behavior. The behaviors we emit will get different reactions depending on the situation. A joke at a party will make people laugh, but a joke will receive sour looks. (b) Another thing I will remember is that consequences can be pleasurable or aversive. If pleasurable, the behavior is more likely to occur in the future. If aversive, the behavior is less likely to occur. (c) Lastly, I will remember that knowing the antecedent and the consequence will make it easier to predict what the behavior was. If the antecedent was that you were in the orchard and the consequence was that you brought home food, it is very likely that the behavior was that you picked apples.
4) I like how this section established the difference between Reinforcement and Punishment, reinforcer and punisher, and reinforcing and punishing. The first are procedures, the next are nouns, and the last are adjectives. Knowing the difference will help me know how to use these terms.
5) Once again, there is not much that I didn’t like about the chapter. One thing that I think the chapter could stress more (because I was slightly confused about it at first) is that a consequences can be pleasurable. To me, consequence has a very negative connotation, but I know now that that is not always the case. I think the terminology can just be slightly confusing for some readers.
6) (a) One thing I will remember from the chapter is that we should always describe valence using terms like pleasurable and desirable or undesirable and aversive. We cannot use positive and negative because they have their own reserved meaning. (b) Reinforcement or punishment can be described as positive or negative. When you are removing something to change behavior (good or bad), it is negative. When you are adding something (good or bad) it is positive. (c) One more thing that I will remember is that some behaviors are self-reinforcing. A person may keep telling jokes at funerals if they find themselves amusing.
7) Before learning more about this class, I thought that behavior modification was mostly about praising or punishing behaviors. I now realize that there is a lot more to it than that.
8) After learning more, I have realized that there are so many factors that control the behaviors we emit. One thing I did not realize was the importance of the context or antecedent of the behavior. Our behavior changes rapidly depending on the environment we are in. I think that knowing this will make me more aware of the way people act in certain contexts.
9) Vocabulary terms: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, aversive, pleasurable, valence, positive and negative reinforcement, self-reinforcing

good job - thanks

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked all of the examples that were available in this section. It made the terminology come to life and easier to remember. For example, this section explained how performing the same behavior with different antecedents can lead to different consequences. They provided a good life example by comparing telling a joke at a party and telling a joke at a funeral. Telling a joke at a funeral will most likely lead to a consequence that is aversive while it would be perfectly acceptable and accepted to tell a joke at a party.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I liked how clear this section was, but I thought there were too many boxes to fill in with your own personal experiences. It broke up the reading, but it made it feel much longer to constantly stop and fill out charts after each example. I think the section might have flowed a bit easier if there were not so many boxes to fill in with real life examples.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing I will definitely remember is every behavior we emit has an antecedent and a consequence. There is a constant link between these three things. I have never really thought about this deeply. I knew that my behaviors led to consequences, but I did not realize that every antecedent, or setting, would affect my behavior and consequences. Another thing I will remember is that people send salient social cues to let others know whether their behavior is acceptable or not. For example, telling a joke at a funeral might lead to a person giving a sour look to the person telling the joke. This sour look will let the joke teller know that what they are doing is not appropriate and they will be less likely to do it in the future. The last thing I will remember from this section is that we have a lot of power in controlling our behavior and the behaviors of the people around us. Simply by controlling the antecedent, it sets the occasion for the behaviors we will emit and others will emit. Manipulation of behavior could be used for bad, but it could also be used for good.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked the part about self-reinforcement. I found the example provided very humorous. The example was that if a person tells a joke and no one laughs, you would expect them to not continue telling jokes. However, if the person is self-reinforcing their behavior, they will continue to tell jokes. If the joke is funny and makes themselves laugh, they will continue to tell jokes. I thought this was funny because I know people that act this way, and I wondered why they would continue to make jokes when no one is laughing. Now I realize it is because they were self-reinforcing their own behavior.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing I disliked from this section was that the terms “positive” and “negative” cannot be used for certain terms. Instead, it is requested to use words like pleasurable or undesirable, and I think this makes it a bit more confusing than just saying positive and negative. I know that positive and negative are used for other terms in behavior modification, but at this point I do not really understand why they cannot be used for more than one term.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that reinforcers are tangible and nouns. They can occur naturally, like when you smile at someone and they automatically smile back, or they can be used with the reinforcement procedure. I will also remember that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior while punishment is used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. Another thing I will remember from this section is what negative reinforcement is. The section gave a great example that helps me remember what it is. The example was waterboarding. Negative reinforcement involves taking something away to get the desired behavior. This relates to waterboarding because the torture is taken away once the victim gives the information that is wanted.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections, I thought this was a class solely about different abnormalities in behavior and how to fix the abnormalities. I think I thought this is what it was because of the class name. I have always been interested in psychology and I hope to be a psychologist one day. Since this is what I am studying to become, I assumed this class was to learn about all the abnormalities in behavior that people have and how to fix these behaviors. For example, I thought it would be about the behaviors of people with OCD, schizophrenia, or anxiety and how they can change their behavior to lead a better life.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Since reading these sections, I realize that there is a lot more to behavior modification than solely focusing on people with abnormal behavior. It is definitely not just focused on abnormality in behavior but on all sorts of behavior. Behavior can be modified to get the consequence you desire. It can be applied to everyday life for every person, not just for those with abnormalities in their behavior. Behavior modification is about the antecedent, the behavior, and the consequence. These are things humans do every day without even realizing it!


9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Behavior, antecedent, consequence, aversive, emit, set the occasion, manipulation, salient, self-reinforcement, negative reinforcement, reinforcers, punishment, self-reinforcing

CML

forgot to put my initials!

excellent job - nice detailed, well thought out responses. thanks!

TSJ
Section 1.1

1)a) I really liked how the visual aspects of the reading gave examples of what it was trying to say. As a visual learner, I am able to understand more of what the text is trying to say if I can picture it well.
b)Learning all this information in the first section showed me how much we manipulate people everyday. Even in the smallest ways like the "wet paint sign" example directly modifies behavior because the consequence is someone not ruining the wet paint.

2) There was nothing I really disliked about the section. One part that made me feel a little off was when it talked about manipulating people being a good or bad thing. At first glance, one would think that, "...of course it's a bad thing." The word "manipulating" has an averse presence because when someone is described as manipulative, it's usually not for a good reason. Although at the end, where the small print after the summary is, I thought they did a good job with closing it as manipulating behavior could save people.

3) Three thing I will remember about this section are:
a) If you know the antecedent and the consequence, than it is easy to figure out the behavior. This just stuck in my head because I would have thought it would have been more complicated to figure out the behavior if you didn't know what it was. Learning it just surprised me.
b) Things we do everyday, effect peoples' behavior more than we think it does. Learning this kind of makes me more conscious about how I act around people. You never really think about how much of what we do affects them and their behavior.
c) Manipulation isn't always a bad thing.
Some people use manipulation as a tool to help people. For example, if being an RA is an antecedent, and listening to my residents about their problems is the behavior, the consequence is them being helped to the best of my ability. The fact that I am an RA manipulates my behavior because it is a part of my job to check in with students and to make sure they are alright.

4) I liked reading about the differences in reinforcement and punishment. I always have a hard time with mixing those up, and the section did a good job in separating them.

5) I didn't like how this section was much longer than the first, but I suppose I was just more interested in the first section. This section was interesting as well, but I just liked the first one more.

6) Three things I will remember from this section are:
a) The differences between reinforcement and punishment. It was easier for me to separate the two when it used the term "procedure" to keep someone emitting the desired behavior.

b)I will also remember the term "valence" because it is a new term for me. Learning that it meant psychological value for a person, place, or thing was very interesting.

c) Another thing I will remember is the difference between positive valence and negative valence. Seeing that valence is psychological value, I couldn't wrap my head around what something with negative value would be. But instead of it meaning "value" here, it just means qualities or attributes.

7) Prior to reading the sections, I didn't really have any ideas about behavior modification because I never really thought about it too much. I thought it was an interesting topic that I wanted to learn more about. However, I didn't really know where to start. When I first thought of it, it made me think about what hypnotists do, and how they modify other people's behaviors.

8) Reading the sections changed my view because a lot of the things that cause our behavior to change are subtle. I would think they would have to be extreme in order to really change the way a person acts. It has just shown me that I have a lot more to learn about behavior modification.

Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, valence, punishment, reinforcement, positive and negative valence

Great job. Glad you liked the examples.

NN

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked learning the fact that you can have multiple consequences and antecedents, but in turn have the exact same behavior. For example: telling jokes at a funeral vs. telling jokes at a party. These are 2 completely different antecedents that have the same behavior but come up with the exact opposite consequences. Kind of self-explanatory but still shows a great point and a great point to learn.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There was nothing in this section that I did not like. Everything in this section was likable and I understood what I was reading.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a.I will remember what antecedent and consequences mean simply from the definitions the section gave me. Also because these vocabulary words were used very often so it became repetitive in my mind
b.I will also remember the great images that are being used in this section. It gives me a great mental picture of what exactly we are trying to understand. This is a great way for me to learn.
c.I will remember my ABC’s because of this section; not like I do not know my ABC’s already because of kindergarten but I will remember my ABC’s of behavior modification with the great images.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed reading about punishment and reinforcement. I am so used to reading and learning about punishment and reinforcement in my criminology classes that I have not heard these words in a psychology class in so long. It brings back memories from past psychology classes. I also liked learning about the idea that you can increase or decrease the behavior of someone or an animal through behavior modification.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn’t like how repetitive everything was but I guess to understand a new concept you must be shown things multiple times and read it many times before understanding. So I kind of disliked this idea after I understood the concept so well.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. the significance of punishment and reinforcement in the context of b.mod: because it was so reiterated over and over again to the point where it got my attention and I now can fully understand it. Also the fact that there is such thing as positive and negative reinforcement and how useful it is in the learning of behavior modification.

b. I will remember the importance of valence: due to the ideas and examples it gave me.

c. I will remember that punishments and reinforcements are alike. They both have to have a behavior and consequences involved with them. I will remember this because it is going to have to be stuck in my head for the rest of the module. The online book does a really good job of expressing this idea through the section. I never knew that they both had to have these two components.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections, I thought that behavior modification was a lot tougher than how the book puts it. I thought I would be learning about how to manipulate other behaviors of myself and of others. I also thought that behavior modification was for the dogs and I was above and beyond the learning of this subject, when in reality it is kind of easy to understand and the book gives us useful information that I will use later in life.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Before reading these sections, I simply thought behavior modification was going to be a lot harder than these sections make it seem. I could not wrap my mind around the idea of modifying behaviors of people to try and get them to do things. I also never thought it would be this easy to understand. I understand a lot by looking at and reviewing these easy to learn images that are found in these sections.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedents, consequences, behavior modification, punishment, reinforcement, valence, positive and negative reinforcement.

good job - nice detailed responses - thanks

1 a&b) I really liked that a person's behavior can be broken down into the ABC: antecedent, behavior and consequence. Referring to it as the ABCs makes it easier to remember what they are called as while as their order in determining behavior.
2) The ABCs are a basic way of understanding behavior; however, other factors tied in may complicate things. For example the personalities of the people that see the behavior could also have an affect on the consequence. So the examples are almost too simple.
3 a,b&c) I will remember that a person's environment influence's their behavior. That when talking about behavior, emit means “to do” and elicit means “to make.” Finally, that the same behavior can result in two separate consequences when the antecedents are different.
4 a&b) I liked the explanation that reinforcement and punishment are verbs, reinforcer and punisher are nouns, and that reinforcing and punishing are adjective. Helps explains things for the rest of the section.
5) On thing I didn't like was giving examples of reinforcement involving something that is ordinarily aversive. I didn't feel that it was explained well enough for me to come up with correct examples.
6 a,b,&c) That reinforcement increases the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring, and punishment decreases the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring. Reinforcement and punishment can both involve something aversive and desirable. Self-reinforcement is when we reinforce ourselves.
7) I honestly wasn't quite sure what I thought about behavior modification. I actually like beginning a class without a ton of knowledge. Makes the class more interesting. I'm glad I did that for this class because I enjoyed reading the sections and learning about the ABCs and reinforcement and punishment.
8) Originally I had the idea that Behavior Modification was about how to change someones behavior. Reading these sections has shown me that isn't a “how to.” It's about what influences behavior, and the complexities of it all. Reading these first two sections make me excited to learn even more the rest of the semester.
9) The ABCs, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Emit, Elicit, Reinforcement, Punishment, Aversive, desirable, Self-Reinforcement.

EEM

1) One thing I liked about this section was that it outlined the basics and gave me a great taste of what this entire class will be about.

2)Slightly repetitive of my Intro to Psych class. But, then again, I suppose it's only going to benefit me in the end!

3) 1- Antecedents are the number one base component for a behavior to occur. 2- Behaviors ALWAYS come with consequences. 3- Any and all behaviors can have different consequences. The consequences are based entirely on the multiple different possible situations the behavior could occur in. (i.e. funeral vs grocery store) Because they were repeated and shown in many different ways and make sense.

4) It broke down the different possibilities of behaviors and their consequences. (i.e. when a behavior is punished, it is less likely to reoccur. etc, etc.) It explained it in different ways clearly and understandably.

5) Like section 1, it is repetitive of what I have learned in my previous Intro to Psych class. But, I suppose a good refresher never hurt anyone.

6) 1- A consequence of punishment makes a behavior less likely to occur again in the future. 2- A reinforcement makes a behavior more likely to occur again in the future. 3- Both of the previously stated terms can be used as both verbs and nouns in behavior modification. Why: Because they were repeated clearly and in variety of setting throughout the section.

7) Well, I watch a lot of criminal minds. More than a healthy human being probably should. Plus, we spent a great deal of time on this in my Intro to Psych class. So, I was aware that behavior modification had all of these factors. However, the terms used were different. So, that was a change.

8) I thought behavior modification was a bit simpler I suppose. Which, in a sense, it is. However, there are a few little twists and turns that I never thought about. It opened my mind a bit.

9) Terms Used: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment.

EGC

1 a&b) I really liked the section that discussed how the same behavior but in different environments (antecedents) can produce a wide range of consequences. It was interesting to see how an environment has a huge impact on the consequence. If you raise your hand in the class room as opposed to on the street corner your consequence will be much different. In the class room the consequence could be, being called on by the teacher whereas raising your hand on the street corner could lead to the consequence of a taxi driver stopping to give you a ride.

2) I did not necessarily like the term manipulation. The work box about manipulation made me think more in-depth about the nature of the word manipulation and for me; the word manipulation has an aversive connotation. I much rather use the terms modifying behavior or redirection. I realize that we manipulate others unconsciously all the time, but to do so knowingly seems like trickery or not the complete truth. For me, it is the word associated with the action more than the action depending on the nature of the person and their intentions. I know I manipulate my mom, by acting a certain way (behavior), so she responds (consequence) in the manner I would like (first I have to realize the antecedent, which is her initial mood).

3 a,b&c) 1.I will remember the section about manipulation, because it is definitely true to all of us in everyday life. It is something I have thought of in the past. How maybe I am living untruthfully because I am constantly manipulating people to elicit pleasurable behaviors instead of aversive behaviors. Although, I truly want pleasurable responses, so maybe it is okay. 2.I will remember the ABC's. This is a concept put into an easy-to-learn system. There are only three parts (Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence), and the "acronym" is very easy to remember due to the fact that it is the first three letters of our alphabet. Also, each word (Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence) are words which I am very familiar with and follow the natural patterns of human behavior. 3.I will also remember the salient impact antecedents and consequences have on a behavior. The antecedent can completely change a behavior depending on the consequence when received in that environment. The whole cycle is essential to manipulating behaviors. Without the antecedent, where does the behavior stem from and without the consequence, what would elicit the behavior again? The whole cycle is essential.


4 a&b) I really liked how this section included self-reinforcement. I am one person who has a unique response to certain situations, where most people would act opposite of me. When it is thundering and lightning outside, this produces desirable valence. I like to go outside and play in the rain, while most people would stay inside, safe and dry. I self-reinforce often, many times experiencing desirable valence instead of undesirable valence. I am reinforced instead of punished by the wonderful, refreshing feelings of rain in the excitement and danger of thunder and lightning.

5) The section I liked least was the section where we had to give three examples using the ABC model for reinforcement and punishment because it was hard for me to separate them from self-reinforcement. A wide variety of categories to choose from exists as well and it is hard for me to choose an antecedent, behavior, and outcome. There are so many different options.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? 1.I will remember the self-reinforcement because it applies directly to my life. I think often about how my responses to operant situations vary from others. Things that should be a punishment to me, I do not always view as a punishment. 2. I will remember that there is naturally occurring reinforcement and procedure reinforcement because many things we do throughout the day reinforce or punish a natural response such as smiling and someone else smiles. There are also those things that need reinforcement either positive or negative such as documenting your residents when they break policy. 3.Positive and Negative valence are also very easy to remember because positive valence deals with desirable things followed by a desirable consequence whereas negative valence is an aversive thing followed by an undesirable consequence.

7) Prior to the reading, I did not realize behavior could be broken down into such a “simple” model such as the ABC’s of behavior because I had never thought about it in such terms. I did understand before hand that pleasurable and aversive antecedents were followed by certain behaviors resulting in certain consequences (although I did not use this vocabulary). I knew this because I think about my actions and how they influence others in every moment. I try to live every moment to the fullest, which includes our moment to moment behavior (actions).

8) These sections have changed my view of behavior modification, because I realize how in-depth behavior modification is on a moment to moment basis. When I use to think of behavior modification, at least when associated with psychology classes and in the profession, I thought of telling the patient how to act differently instead of changing one’s environment. I applied behavior modification to my life correctly, but in the professional setting I would have had it all wrong.

9) ABC's, emit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, salient, positive, negative, elicit, reinforcement, punishment, valence, pleasurable valence, undesirable/aversive valence, self-reinforcement, operant situations

excellent job

RDA
Section 1.1
1a&b) I really liked the organization of this section. I liked how it followed the pattern of antecedent, behavior, and consequence. If each part of the process wasn't broken up like it was it would have been much harder to understand the concepts. It was nice that there was a good amount of text devoted to each topic. I also really liked all of the examples for each topic. The examples really helped clarify the most important parts that I need to learn.
2) Everything in this section was very straightforward and there was not much to dislike. If anything the section was too short. I disliked how there were a few places where it said that "we will learn in later chapters" I would rather know in this section about the term if it will help me understand things talked about in this section. An example of this would be where it talks about how behaviors can have different functions, I didn't understand that part and I wanted to.
3a&b&c) The most important thing that I will remember from this section is that the antecedent, behavior and consequence are not linear. I think it was important to point out that the consequence will effect the antecedent the next time that the behavior occurs. The second thing that I will remember is not to use the terms positive and negative and use pleasurable and aversive instead. It will be a hard habit to break but it is important to use the correct terminology. The final important thing that I learned from this section is that we can control behaviors through the consequences and the antecedents. I will remember this along with the feedback loop because all parts of this process are connected.
Section 1.2
4a&b)I liked all of the opportunities to come up with my own examples in this section. I think it improves critical thinking to have to come up with unique ideas that can be applied to what I am learning and I appreciate that opportunity.
5)I felt like the explanations of punishment ant reinforcement were quite brief in this section. I would have liked more detail about reinforcers, that was the one topic that I felt was lacking in sufficient information.
6a&b&c) I will remember that there are naturally occurring punishers and reinforcers. These are important to know about since they just happen without any manipulation they would be easily over looked. I had also never heard of the term valence so that is something I will remember from this section. Valence seems like a fairly useful term to describe a lot of different things so I'm glad I learned about it in this section. I will also remember the part about self-reinforcement because I see it happening on a daily basis and I do it to myself all the time and now I know what the correct term for it is.
7)Prior to reading these sections I did not know what behavior modification was exactly. I could figure that it was a process to change the behaviors of people to get desired outcomes but beyond that I was lost.
8)Reading these sections changed my idea of behavior modification by showing how easily things can be broken down. Within each term there is a large spectrum of individual things that could be reinforcers or punishers but they all fall under the same umbrella. I thought that the behavior modification would only apply to an individual but after these readings I can see that all of these principles could be easily applied to larger groups.
9)antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, punishers, reinforcers, valence, self-reinforcement

good job - thanks

ASG

1 a&b) I liked learning about how the environment controls behaviors. I never realized how the environment elicits our behaviors.

2) I disliked the information on manipulation in this section. I feel strongly that manipulation is a bad thing. So I had a hard time when it was talking about how it is a good thing.

3 a,b&c)Three things I will remember from this section are antecedent, behavior, and consequence. I will remember them because of all the examples that were given as well as the way they connect and help me understand how easy a behavior can be guessed by knowing the antecedent and the consequence. The A-B-C components also helped me understand the emitting of behaviors.

4 a&b) I enjoyed the information on self-reinforcement in this section. I am one who falls into the category that they used as an example, people that are not funny. This made me laugh and understand others reactions a lot better. This helped me understand why I get joy out of things that others do not.

5) Something I liked the least in this section would be giving the examples for positive valence and negative valence because I kept wanting to relate them to positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

6 a,b&c) Three things I will remember from this section are punishment, reinforcement, and valence. I will remember these because they were the main three words talked about in this section. Also, because I had to give examples of each of them. This caused repetition, which helped me become familiar with the terms.

7) Prior to reading these sections,I thought behaviors could be observed and could be modified by things that have been observed in common. I also knew that my behaviors influenced others but never looked at how.

8)Reading these sections has changed what I originally thought about behavior modification by connecting the dots on breaking down behavior modification. Splitting it into the antecedent, behavior, and consequence has helped me get a deeper understanding of cause and effect of behaviors.

9)self-reinforcement, manipulation, elicit, punishment, reinforcement, positive, negative, valence, antecedent, behavior, consequence, emitting, ABC's.

you are not alone when you say you dislike the notion of manipulating a person's behavior. hopefully you will see that we use the term a bit differently in behavior modification. however you may see as we proceed in the class that most if not all of our behaviors are manipulated in some way or another...

BJG
1)In section 1.1 the whole section was a great introduction to the world of behavioral modification.
B) It showed me that just by changing the consequences or by changing the antecedent you can make train people to do what you would like them too.

2) I did not like the way that the extra information in section 1.1 was put into the reading. I think that it could of gone into the actual body of reading. The 'i' notes telling us that there was extra information were not noticeable enough at least not to me. The information that they provided was good but it would of served its purpose better in the body of work not under it.

3) The first thing that I will remember is that I am always emitting some sort of action or behavior. Simple things such as walking, talking, and eating are all actions. Also many more that I do not even realize that I am doing.
B) The second thing that I will remember is that there is a relatively simple template for actions and why people do them. The ABC template or Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence model. This model shows me how my actions and environment are closely related. This also shows me how predictable behaviors can be if you know the antecedent and consequence. Our behavior can also be easily manipulated if others control the environment and consequences.
C) The third thing that I will remember is that manipulation is not always a bad thing. It can be beneficial to people.

4) This section was very well organized and easy to read also was very informative.
B) While I was reading it just seemed to flow while other textbooks seem to drag on.

5) I did not like when the text gave examples of punishment and reinforcement. Punishment seemed to be repeated twice and reinforcement was not used. This was on the roommate doing dishes and the roommate playing loud music.

6) The first thing that I will remember that is reinforcement and punishment have deeper levels. Such as negative reinforcement and negative punishment.I will remember this because it will be useful further in the class and intrigued me about different kinds of motivators.
B) The second thing that I will remember from section 1.2 is that we can self-reinforce. I will remember this because the example about the guy not being funny but thinking he is made me laugh. it is also an interesting concept.
C) I will also remember that a reinforcement can have an aversion element in it and a punishment can have something desirable in it. I will remember this because this is opposite to what I previously thought.

7) I always thought that it was about brain washing and making people doing your bidding. Now I see that it has many positive applications such as helping people over come negative behaviors.

8)It has changed how I see it, I use to think it was a bad thing but now I see that it can be very helpful to the populace.

9) Terms used- Negative reinforcer,emitting,actions, behavior, antecedent, consequence, manipulated,environment, punishment,reinforcement,negative punishment,self reinforce, aversion,desirable

Nice job

MJG

Section 1.1
1.I thought the entire reading was interesting and a great start to a basic understanding of behavior modifications. The part of the reading that I liked the most and thought was the most interesting was when the reading discussed that the ABCs is not linear. The reading discusses how the ABCs is fully connected with a feedback loop. I found it interesting to think about behavior in this way but it is very true. Our environment not only can control our behavior and our consequences but our consequences can also affect our environment. This means that nothing is straightforward and independent all parts of a person’s behavior are connected in one way or another. This is a very interesting way to perceive behavior and can give us a better understanding and outlook on our behavior and the decision to make those behaviors.
2.I liked the examples to have practice with, however I felt that they were all too simple and straightforward. It was a good way to start practicing the different parts of the ABCs but I have a feeling that if the antecedent or consequence were more complex and difficult it may have been harder to complete. I think other than that the reading well good and informative.
3.The first thing that I will remember is that the ABCs is not linear but a continuous loop. This stuck out to me because it gives me a better understanding of how behavior works and what leads up to behavior. The second thing that I will remember from this reading is that the antecedent plays a major role in the behavior and the consequence. The two examples that were given in the reading show that the antecedent and the same behavior emitted in three situations can result in three completely different consequences, both pleasurable and aversive. The same for three constant consequences leads to three behaviors. The antecedent sets the occasion for the behavior and the consequence. The last thing that I will remember from this reading is the importance of the ABCs. The ABCs stand for antecedent, behavior and consequence and this is extremely important to understanding how behavior modifications works.

Section 1.2
4.The part of this reading that I liked the most was the very beginning of the reading which clarified the difference between reinforcer and reinforcement and punisher and punishment. This was a great preface to the rest of the reading because it made it easier to understand and relate to. I liked how the reading broke down the different terms and explains how they relate to one other but are still different. This was very helpful for the rest of the reading and I think it will be helpful for the rest of the class as well.
5.The part that I liked the least was the part discussing the valence. The part that I disliked the most about this was the use of positive and negative to describe the valence. I think that I disliked this the most because it was slightly confusing because positive and negative are used for other meanings later in the reading. I think it can become confusing at times using the same words for different meanings.
6.I will remember that positive and negative don’t necessarily mean good or bad in the context of behavior modifications. Rather positive means adding a stimuli, good or bad to a situation and negative means taking away a stimuli. I will also remember from this reading that reinforcement and punishment do not mean the typical meanings as good or bad. Reinforcement means to encourage a behavior to happen again whereas punishment is doing something to discourage a behavior or make it stop. The last thing that I will remember from this reading is that there is deliberate reinforcement and naturally occurring reinforcement. This means that some reinforcement is purposeful and other reinforcement can be occurring from the environment just naturally rather than being forced. This is something that I will remember because it is as important distinction and can help understand behavior modification better.
7.Prior to reading theses sections I had thought of behavior modifications as a simple topic only about altering others behavior with not much other thought. I never thought that behavior modifications could be broken down into more than changing a behavior. The ABCs was something new for me. However, the positive and negative reinforcement and punishment was nothing new to me because I have learned about those in other classes.
8.When I thought about behavior modification before I would only think of altering someone else behavior and not really any specifics besides that. Now I have learned that behavior modifications is more complex than just changing someone’s behavior and it many more pieces to it. Behavior modification is trying to decide whether you want to increase or decrease a behavior and if you need to add or take away a stimuli. While during this process you also need to consider if it is pleasurable or aversive and how that can affect the person you are changing the behavior of. Also in the past I would think of behavior modification as only being able to change others but through these readings I have learned that you can change yourself, especially through self-reinforcement. Through behavior modifications you are able to alter your own behavior to the behavior that you want.

TERMS: behavior modifications, ABCs, feedback loop, behavior, environment, consequence, antecedent, emitted, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcer, reinforcement, punisher, punishment, valence, positive, negative, stimuli, self-reinforcement

excellent job - great use of terms!

KAB

1)I liked learning about the antecedent and how important it is when it comes to the consequence. The example of the joke being at a party versus being told at a funeral was great. It was a perfect explanation of its importance.

I think I’m interested in this area because it’s something that could help me out in the future. The saying ‘there’s a time and place’ comes to mind. For example, addressing your spouse about something serious at the wrong time wouldn’t have a good outcome. Seeing how the antecedent directly affects the consequence makes me think more about my behaviors.

2)I don’t feel like I disliked anything. But if I must choose something it would be how the italicized words were defined. I think a more formal definition along with the simplified word would be more helpful. I just personally like definitions and simplifications to be able to remember it.

3)Well for starters I’ll remember the ABC’s of modification. The name is great, and will make remembering them super easy. A- antecedent, or ‘pre’, other words what happens before the behavior. B- Behavior; and C-consequence, or what the result of the behavior.

They will be easy to remember because of the name. Connecting words or things to remember with other things really helps me remember them. The fact that remembering ABC is enough makes it super easy.

4)I liked the information on self reinforcement. It was quite interesting to know if you are self reinforcing yourself other people’s negative punishers won’t have an effect on you.

I feel that is interesting because it could go either way. I see it as good and could make a person strong, not letting others change their mind. Then it could also be bad, self reinforcing yourself for doing something bad for you would let you continue even while others are trying to help you change.

5)I don’t feel as if I can say I disliked anything. I felt as if it was coming across as too easy, that modifying behavior is a piece of cake. I later read that this came across this way just as a simple introduction to the idea.

6)Reinforcement- and how it makes a behavior increase. I’ll remember that for sure because when I hear it I automatically think of my 3 year old daughter, and how reinforcing her good behavior is what I need to be focusing on.
Punishment- and how it decreases a behavior. Just as reinforcement, I will remember this because of my daughter as well. When she is naughty, she is to have a time out as punishment in hopes to stop the negative behavior. Too bad it never works though =-p.
Naturally occurring reinforcement- how some consequences just naturally happen. I liked the example of smiling back and think that will make it easy for me to remember since it’s a real life situation that I participate in.


7)Well this class sounded super interesting to me, I felt like I could learn tools that would be helpful throughout life. I did wonder almost if it was something that was okay. Like if modifying someone’s behavior should even be up to another person. Even if it’s for the better does that make it okay? Those are just thoughts that run through my head. I just read the word manipulation and feel uncomfortable. I grew up with a drug addict mother who was the master manipulator, so I automatically think back to when it was used against me in a negative way.

8)It made me feel a little more comfortable with the idea. I no longer automatically think of behavior modification as a negative thing, along with manipulation. This section opened up my eyes to the idea of modifying your own behavior, how did I not think about that before? This section has definitely made me think of my own behavior, and how my behavior has affected others. It’s also made me think of things like the antecedent and how I can better the outcome of my behaviors by controlling it.

Behavior, Consequence, Antecedent, Reinforcement, Punishers, Punishment

good job - try using more and more terms as we progress.

WRA

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One of the aspects that interested me while I was reading this was something that actually connected with the discussion in class on Thursday. I think that the idea of breaking down what every person does and labeling it as a behavior is something that we don't always do, but really we should pay more attention to. I think that each behavior that people decide to do adds up to be a much deeper meaning behind everything. Our behaviors really do make up who we are as people and even the smallest behaviors can tell others so much about us as individuals. Though this was a smaller part in the actual reading, it is what made me think the most overall.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Honestly, I don't think there was really anything that I didn't like about the section. The one thing that I am still getting use to, however, would be the idea of manipulating other people’s behaviors. The way the reading makes it seem, this is something that effects every single thing that that individual does when in reality its more of just influencing their decisions to perform a certain behavior. I am excited to get to know how to do these things, but I am also a little leery about it because I know it would bother me if someone was doing that to me.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will take away the boxes that outline the antecedent, behavior, and the consequences. That was helpful when picturing the actual behavior taking place.
I will need to remember that emit means do and aversive means unpleasant. These are just newer words that I need to remember to use.
The last thing that I will for sure remember will be feedback portion of the system. I will remember this because it actually ties into another class that I am taking this semester and it just builds on my understanding for that class as well as this one. (Management of Family Resources)
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked the idea of a reinforcement procedure. When there is an actual procedure or specific steps that I can take in order to influence a behavior, it seems easier to accomplish the goal of changing it. I am a very step by step checklist type of person so that makes the idea of modification a little easier for me.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I never really like talking about punishment and reinforcement for some reason. I think that I get confused while reading the situations and it gets frustrating for me. Reading this section made me over think what I thought I knew about these two words which made it sort of confusing. I guess I need to reread it and just have a cut and dry definition of each one to get it engrained in my mind.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Reinforcement procedure because I can actually see myself implementing that into my life and my business. I do a lot of recruiting and this seems like something that will come in handy.
I will remember what a naturally occurring punisher is when its terrible outside and I decide to skip class so my face doesn’t freeze off.
I will remember that poop comment for the rest of my life. I literally laughed out loud when I read it. I actually think that helped me understand the term better. Negative valence will forever have a positive connotation with poop in my mind.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I was pretty excited for this class people I work with people constantly and I think it would be awesome to at least understand why people do what they do. It would be sweet if I could understand cues that people give off before making a decision because I work in sales and that is all about decisions and buying behaviors.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It hasn't changed my thoughts just yet. For the most part everything has stayed consistent with what I originally thought the class would consist of. I guess there is a little more technical business behind the scenes that I am finding out about, so that is cool. However, not too much has changed yet.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

Terms: emit, aversive, behavior, punishment, reinforcement, antecedent, consequence, punishment procedure, naturally occurring punisher, negative valence

excellent job and use of terms - thanks

SJR
1 a&b) What was one thing that you liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked was how it broke down the ABCs. I thought that the graphs and examples given made it very easy to understand how antecedent, behavior, and consequence are the basis of behavior modification.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The thing that I liked least was how simple all of the information was. The only reason I didn’t like that is because I feel that the concept is more complex than how it was broken down in the text.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember the antecedent, behavior, consequence and that they are the basis of behavior modification.
b) I will remember that the consequence is what shapes the behavior and relate this back to the joke at a party vs joke at a funeral example.
c) I’ll remember that ABCs are connected with a feedback loop and will never go away because the relationship is always there.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that there was a lot of opportunity to make sure I was paying attention since there was a lot of places to test my knowledge as I was reading.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The only thing that I disliked was that the terms are all very similar words. It was hard to keep reinforcement, reinforce and reinforcing and punishment, punisher and punishing.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember reinforcement and punishment since the definitions were so clear.
b) I will also remember natural reinforcement and natural punishment (like smiling and weather) since the examples given were easy to remember.
c) I will remember that reinforcing and punishing can be good and bad because they create both desired and undesired behaviors.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections I did not think much about behavior modification because I never related it to my daily life.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I now realize that that behavior modification is part of mine (and everybody’s) daily life. I also realize that you can use it to reinforce behavior, such as training your dog or your roommate.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, behavior modification, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, natural reinforcement, natural punishment


great job

AJW

1.I really liked that this section gave a broad overview of what behavior modification is and what it is all about. I thought it gave good details and covered the basis of what we will continue to learn about.
2.What I didn’t like was the examples used when the ABC’s where broken down. It seemed that they were too simple and wonder if more complex examples should be used so that we know what to do later on in the semester when it starts to get more complex.
3.The three things that I will remember will be what the ABC’s stand for: Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence because they were heavily stressed. Secondly, I will remember in theory if you were able to control the antecedents and consequences you could manipulate behavior with ease because it seemed outrageous at first, but in reality it makes a lot of sense. Third, I remember that the environment has a strong impact on our behaviors. I will remember the last two because they were super interesting to me and made me want to figure out more and more.
4.The one thing I really liked about this section was learning more about reinforcement. I liked learning more about this because it brought me back to class when we were discussing it and it clicked for me even more. I also find it interesting that everything we pretty much do is a behavior and it can or is reinforced by something.
5.What I didn’t like was the difference about reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. I didn’t like this because the words are so similar and it’s a little bit more difficult not to get confused and mix the three up.
6.Three things that I will remember are reinforcement increases the behavior, punishment decreases the behavior and reinforcement and punishment both can involve desirable and undesirable things. I will remember these because I also learned about them in my intro to psych class.
7.Before reading these sections I thought behavior modification was literally just changing people’s behavior and how to do it and I didn’t think it was such a complex process and had all these parts to it.
8.Reading these sections changed my mind a little because I realized that it’s more of a process but it’s still having to do with people’s behavior changing to how you like it. For example how you explained how you got your dog to learn his name in a day even though he always just came with his mom.
9.Terms used: antecedent, behavior, behavior modification, reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I found this whole section really interesting. I really enjoyed the ABC concept. I enjoyed it because they it really made me look at behaviors in a whole new way. It really broke down the concept of behaviors and made me really notice the Antecedents, behavior, and consequence.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? I found everything pretty interesting and repetitive, so I cant think of anything I didn’t find interesting.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? 1.) Antecedent is the surrounding or environment you are that can effect a behavior and the consequences. 2.) Every behavior has a consequences. 3.) consequence described as pleasurable or aversive. I will remember these things because they were all facts that I was originally unaware of. I really focused on these things during the examples and tried to learn them so they stick in my head.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? 1.) Emitted behaviors are either increased or decreased by reinforcements or punishments. This I will remember because of the examples on the same behavior in different antecedents depends on if they were reinforced or punishment. 2.) Reinforcements will increase the likelihood of the behavior occurring again. 3.) Punishment will decrease the behaviors frequency. I will remember these two things because I have learned about them multiple times and they just makes sense.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? I really don t understand the difference between negative reinforcement and punishment. It is really confusing and makes me no enjoy reading about it.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? 1.) Emitted behaviors are either increased or decreased by reinforcements or punishments. This I will remember because of the examples on the same behavior in different antecedents depends on if they were reinforced or punishment. 2.) Reinforcements will increase the likelihood of the behavior occurring again. 3.) Punishment will decrease the behaviors frequency. I will remember these two things because I have learned about them multiple times and they just makes sense.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I never really paid attention or thought about behaviors this intensely. I really thought behaviors dealt a lot with emotions.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? I now realized that behaviors are not emotions. Behaviors are more or less an action.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Reinforcements, Punishment, Antecedents, Behaviors, Consequences, Aversive.

good job - practice on using more and more terms with your post - thanks

NMD
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
a) One thing I really liked about this section is that the antecedent may lead to different consequences when similar behaviors occur.
b) I find it interesting when we control the antecedent and consequence that is basically all it takes to control a behavior.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t anything I disliked about this section. The reading was interesting and the “workbook” made it very beneficial to understand the material better.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember the ABC’s of behavior modification: A=antecedent, B=Behavior, and C=Consequence
b) I will remember that the same behavior being emitted may lead to different consequences depending on the antecedent.
c) I will remember when the antecedent and consequence are controlled we can control behavior.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
a) I really liked the idea of reinforcement and punishment.
b) I really liked the idea of reinforcement and punishment because I nanny over the summer and I would practice these tactics in order to increase and decrease the children’s behavior.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing I did not like about this section is it was the lack of examples. I would like to see more examples to apply these practices to real-life scenarios.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) I will remember that punishment is used to decrease the frequency of a behavior.
b) I will remember that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior.
c) I will remember positive and negative valence is desirable or unpleasant (aversive).
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections I thought and still think behavior modification is beneficial. I have practiced behavior modification a lot while babysitting throughout the years. I also am also pretty active in self-reinforcement.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? Reading these sections didn’t change my original thought. It just expanded my knowledge and went more into depth from prior to the reading.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post. Terminology: punishment, reinforcement, positive, negative, valence, self-reinforcement, behavior modification, aversive

thanks - don't forget to answer the "WHY?" part of the questions....

HEE

1. My favorite thing about this section was being able to practice figuring out antecedents, behaviors, and consequences in different contexts. This was my favorite part of the section because I think having this practice really made the concepts stick. Specifically, I think I was able to retain the information because I was able to think about the parts of the ABC’s independently, in clusters, and then as a whole. This step by step, building, learning process allowed me to fully understand the material.

2. The thing I liked the least in this section was that after filling in the practice exercises there wasn't a clear place where I could check to see if my responses were correct. This was my least favorite part of the section because I like to have instant feedback after completing practice exercises to make sure I have done the sections correctly.

3. After reading this section I will remember the following three things:
a. For every behavior we emit, there is always an antecedent and consequence. I will remember this because I had never thought about this concept before, but once it was introduced to me and I thought about it in the context of my behaviors, I realized it is true. Each time I emit a behavior, there is something that causes me to do it, the antecedent, and something that comes as a result of my behavior, the consequence.
b. The ABC’s are not a linear; there is a feedback loop from consequence to antecedent. I will remember this because once I see a diagram I have a tendency to just see the concept as the diagram is and in no other form, but realizing that this feedback loop does occur forced me to view the diagram for more than just what I physically see. The consequence that occurs after a behavior greatly influences the antecedent in which the behavior will appear in again.
c. Depending on the antecedent of the behavior, the consequence can either be pleasurable or aversive. I will remember this concept because of the joke example in the text. This example allowed me to see the truth of this concept. To me, people are always supposed to have a pleasurable consequence to jokes, laughter, but that is not necessarily the case. The consequence for jokes can be aversive if the antecedent is not an appropriate situation for a joke.

4. My favorite thing from this section of reading was the concept of self-reinforcement. This was my favorite thing from this section because I really like to learn about things I can do to personally change and improve myself. I don’t want to be a person who is constantly influenced by the reactions and impressions of the things around me, but instead is self-motivated. Learning about how I don’t have to rely on things in the environment to be the only source of consequences was encouraging to me.

5. My least favorite thing in this section was learning about the differences between reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing and punishment, punisher, and punishing. This was my least favorite part of the section because I found trying to learn the distinction between the terms very confusing. I kept reading the sections over and over again to be able to make the distinctions in my head to understand the section. Going into this section, I never would have thought the words would not be interchangeable.

6. After reading this section I will remember the following three things:
a. Reinforcement and punishment are procedures used to increase and decrease a behavior. I will remember this concept because it is one that I went over several times while reading this section because I was having a hard time distinguishing these terms from their similar nouns and adjectives.
b. Reinforcers and punishers are outcomes from a behavior. I will remember this concept for the same reason why I will remember reinforcement and punishment, I was having a hard time understanding this concept and had to go over it several times while reading to understand their distinctions from their similar verbs and adjectives. I will also remember this concept because these were the easiest examples to come up with for me when doing the practices while reading, reinforcers are things you want to happen after a behavior, and punishers are things you don’t want to happen after a behavior. You want ice cream after you make your bed, not broccoli.
c. Self-Reinforcement is when a person gives his/her own consequence based on his/her behavior. I will remember this concept from this section because it was my favorite part of the section; it was one that I found most encouraging and most applicable to my current goals. It is also one I will remember because I wasn't expecting it to be included in this section. I went into reading the section thinking that only outside factors can serve as consequences to a person’s behavior.

7. Before reading these sections I thought of behavior modification as something you only can do in the clinical setting. I thought of it as something that a counselor figures out you need to work on in session and you then have to work on as homework in-between sessions. I thought of behavior modification as this because I had never heard or seen it applied into the everyday life of a person. I also thought behavior modification as something very complex, something that takes lots of training to be able to apply because of my thoughts of it only being applicable in the clinical setting.

8. After reading these sections I think of behavior modification as something that is applicable in every situation. I am a part of the behavior modification process countless times in a day but I never recognized those moments as part of behavior modification until now. Now I see how every behavior me or anyone else does is part of behavior modification. I now see that behavior modification is something that anyone can learn to apply to their life.

9. Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, pleasurable, aversive, self-reinforcement, reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, behavior modification

excellent post - thanks

APLK

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really like that was in the section was the fact that there were tables and examples within the reading. I’m a visual learner so it helped me out a lot to be able to see how the information was displayed so it was easier for me to understand. I also liked that throughout the reading there were several different empty spaces for you to fill in on your own. I learn better if I write things down, but a lot of the time I don’t take the time to stop and write things down as I’m reading or try to teach myself the material later so I don’t learn the material as well. So the fact that this assignment already has practice questions built in, I am more likely to better understand what I’m learning. I also really liked

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There was not much that I disliked in this section because everything was laid out clearly and was formatted in a way that easily displayed the information so it was not difficult to take in. However, if I were to pick one thing I disliked about the section might be how much more aware of my behaviors I became after reading through the material and it paranoid me to a point.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
1) How important the antecedent is because it made me realize how controlling the antecedent can directly affect the behavior and the conclusion of situations.
2) That all three, antecedent, behavior and conclusion, correlate to another and how you can figure out all three factors of a situation with only knowledge of the factors to predict the third (example: knowing the B when you know the A and C) because once you know the antecedent and the consequence, the types of behaviors become much more predictable. It was the most interesting point that stuck out to me and got me thinking about different things as I read.
3) The fact that manipulations aren't necessarily a bad thing because there are situations where manipulating one factor to create a positive outcome is a good thing. It was nice to read about a positive way to see the word manipulations because often times we associate manipulation with a bad light.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how easily the information written was to understand. The context of this reading was written at a level that made each definition easy to understand and also covered all information the reader needed. Some times explanations of concepts are written too in depth that readers have different interpretations and this can result in wrong information being stored, whereas simpler explanations are hard to misinterpret.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There was not much that I didn't like, but if I had to choose one aspect of this article that I disliked, it would have to be the monotony the article displayed at points. I didn't like this because sometimes when I read repetitive information within one article I begin to lose interest in what I’m reading.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
1) I will remember the difference between reinforcement and punishment they were two words who had definitions so similar to each other that I was not aware of the correct differences until reading how to specifically use them correctly.
2) That the ABC’s of reinforcement and punishment both include the order of verb, noun, and adjective because it stuck out that it had a different make up to the original ABC so it will be easier to remember the concepts of reinforcement and punishment.
3) The definitions of positive and negative valence because they are both words with definitions that cover a large portion of material that we are learning so it’s good to know examples of these two terms so it’s easier to learn course material in the future.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections, I didn’t have much about behavior modification. I didn’t know much about behavior modification because it was not something I have had the opportunity to specifically learn about nor is it a term that has really been brought to my attention. However, it was easy to imply that it was going to be a course based on how different things can change a certain behavior.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Reading these sections haven’t necessarily change what I originally thought about behavior modification; however, they have definitely given me more insight on what exactly behavior modification is. It also gave me a good look into what we will be covering throughout the course and how people interpret different things.

9) Terms:
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, manipulate, reinforcement, punishment, negative valence, and positive valence.

great job - thanks for the effort you put into this

LMC

Section 1.1
1) Learning about behavior how it has an antecedent and a consequence, was interesting. Like the example of the joke, how it's funny if told at a party or dinner, but if a said it at a funeral or work it might not be same consequences. This has happen to me, and I didn't t process it till afterwards that telling this type at joke at certain places might not get the same reaction add before.
2) When I was practicing the behavior of the antecedent and consequences I got stumble. The section goes on to say that the behavior might be clear but that they're could be so many variety of actions.

3) A. There will be a pleasurable or aversive depending on the antecedent. This might be good to know when breaking the news to someone.
B. One thing that came to mind was how if you repeat the antecedent and consequences sometimes it gets easier to predict ones behavior.
C. Setting your antecedent will give either a positive or negative consequences Eben when the behavior is the same.
Section 1.2
4) Using the terms of positive and negative valence was an eye opener. I liked this section never I could think of ways to say or describe things. My examples were mostly work related, but it made describe my job differently.
5) I found section in which to describe punishment involving pleasure and reinforcement involving aversive quite unpleasant. I didn't know how our what to give samples of, that particular section confused me.
6) A. The example of reinforced, of the father tapping his daughters head to make her stop biting her nails. It wasn't a bad thing, but just the single tap or so on will remind her of not biting her nails.n
B. Using negative valance instead of of other negative words will not only help me at school but at work to not be repetitive.
C. It's easy to think not go outside because it's cold it reduces my chances of not going outdoors. This is dude to natural occurring, or behavior has consequences that we associate with punishment.
7. I didn't know much about it, the only thing I associate behavior modification with is with classical conditioning. I remember this with the dog salivating, and response, it was all interesting.
8) Maybe I'm over thinking but there goes a lot with modifying ones behavior or others. For example, if I would want to change a behavior in a coworker I feel like I would spend a significant amount of time observing to get a behavior change. I feel like though, the ending result would be pleasurable.
9) Antecedent, behavior, consequences, positive and negative valence, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcement, reinforced, natural occurring, and punishment.

RBB

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? One thing I liked from this section was that it covers the ABC's because that is the building blocks for behavior modification and we will be using it throughout the semester.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? One thing I disliked about this section was that the ABC's will make me very aware of all my behaviors and consequences in my environment and that that constant process might get annoying in my head eventually.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? Three things I will remember from reading this section:
1. If we know the antecedent and the consequence, then the behavior is much easier to predict.
2. Manipulating someone's behavior is not always a bad thing.
3. The antecedent almost always refers to the environment and has a big impact on behavior.
I will remember these three things because they are what stuck out to me most and also the points that I didn't have to look back in the reading to remember.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? One thing I really liked was the positive and negative reinforcement because it is relatable. I used these procedures on my dog when she was a puppy so I could get the desired behaviors.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? One thing I disliked about this section was when it talked about valence. This is only because it is a new term for me and I didn't quite understand it at first.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? Three things I will remember from reading this section:
1. Reinforcement can be aversive.
2. Punishment can have something desirable.
3. Depending on if the consequence of a behavior is reinforcing or punishing, the behavior will be more or less likely to occur in the future.
I will remember these three things because they are all things I remember using when training my puppy when she was young to get the desired behaviors from her.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? Prior to reading these sections, I thought behavior modification was all about using positive and negative reinforcement to control a person's behavior because that's all I was familiar with when training my young puppy.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? Reading these sections has changed my original thoughts towards behavior modification because I thought it was just using positive and negative reinforcement to control a person's behavior. After reading the sections I've learned that behavior modification is much more than that. It breaks down any situation into the antecedent, behavior, and consequence and then can be manipulated with reinforcement or punishment.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terminology used - Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, punishment, reinforcement, valence, aversive, desirable.

that's cool that you have a puppy to try the techniques you are learning on...

HEM

1) I was pretty interested in general about controlling the antecedent to set the occasion for a behavior. I thought it was interesting that the consequences to certain behaviors call for different reactions and can either increase the likelihood of it occurring again or it can curb that behavior completely. I guess I just thought it was relatively interesting… I wasn’t really really excited by this section just because it was a little dull and kind of obvious, so I think this was just the best.
2) I think I least enjoyed learning about the antecedent and consequence making it easy to figure out the behavior just because I think it was kind of basic like a white girl drinking starbucks in her ugg boots. But, ya know… I still read it and pretended to be super duper interested because I was in the library and I felt like I had to.
3) I will remember that the ABCs of behavior modification refers to the antecedent- which is the situation before the behavior, the behavior, and the consequence- which is a result of the behavior. I’ll remember these because they’re really easy! :) ABC. I will also remember controlling the antecedent can set the occasion for a behavior. I’ll remember this because antecedent happens before the behavior and kind of sets you up. Lastly, I will remember that when people laugh at a joke in the context of a party, it is more likely that jokes will be told more often in that context… so to get a few good laughs, I need to tell a couple good jokes of my own at a party. I’ll remember this because I like to make people laugh and I also really like to laugh myself. I’m honestly cracking myself with all the stuff I’m writing right now. Like… did I really mention a section being as basic as a white girl? Okay, Hanna. Okay.
4) One of the things I enjoyed most in this section of this reading was the explanation of negative reinforcement and negative punishment. I guess I always feel like I have to spend some time trying to figure out what the heck that is after I haven’t been using the terminology for a little while and I always feel relatively confused by it. But, I really enjoyed the way it was written. It was incredibly clear and I now understand from the examples that negative reinforcement uses the removal of something aversive to elicit a desired outcome such as waterboarding. On the other hand, negative punishment utilizes the subtraction of something positive to curb an unpleasant behavior.
5) I least enjoyed reading about self reinforcement because it’s made me kind of self conscious about how much I’m like, “Oh, Hanna… you deserve a pat on the back.” It really kind of got me thinking about how nice I am to myself. Or maybe I’m not. Maybe I’m too hard on myself. I don’t know.
6) I’ll remember punishers and reinforcers are both things, nouns, and are tangible and are a result of a behavior. I’ll remember this because I was a little bit fuzzy on it prior to reading and because I think it’s kind of self explanatory. I’ll remember positive and negative valence as being able to describe certain things that can act as punishers or reinforcers. I will remember negative reinforcement as being the removal of something aversive and negative punishment is the subtraction of something with positive valence. I will remember these two because I was fuzzy on them and it’s become so clear now.
7) Well, I was pretty fuzzy on the whole subject. I kind of just thought about the clicker example we saw in class and I was just a little bit confused on what constituted as behavior. But, I think I get now that behavior is kind of everything we do and that’s incredibly important for a lot of things in life. If I can understand better the implications and the fine details of behavior, I’ll be golden.
8) As I mentioned earlier, I understand that everything we do is a behavior. I’m typing my responses. That’s a behavior. The antecedent is that I’m at the library and the questions are due tomorrow, I’m doing my homework, and as a consequence I’ll get a grade!
9) Antecedent, behavior, consequence, negative reinforcement, negative punishment, self reinforcement, punishers, reinforcers, positive and negative valence

good job - thanks >>> P.S. it is OK to be nice to your self!

ARW
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
What I really liked about this section was that it was easy to read and follow. I enjoyed the built in questions and diagrams. These helped me make sure that I understand what I read. Typically, I would not answer the questions or read the diagrams, but since they are in the middle of the pages, I felt like I had to stop and read them before continuing on to the next section.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One of the things that I disliked was how simple I felt the examples of the ABC's of behavior modification were. I understand that since it is the first two sections of the book that you started off small to help us understand, but hopefully when we get farther into the book the examples will get more complex and detailed.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. One of the things I will remember most from section 1.1 is how the antecedent is connected to the behavior and consequences. I knew where I was effected how I acted, but never actually thought about it.
b. Another thing I will remember is how the antecedent, behavior, and consequences are all connected, but are not linear. Also, how the relationship is always there no matter if they changes.
c. A third thing I learned is how we are more likely to remember an aversive consequences because it does not reinforce the behavior. These negative feelings could lead to manipulate others behaviors.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how the text was laid out neat and was very easy to understand. I also like how simple the vocabulary was described. Many times in textbooks I feel as if the authors ramble on and on so I have to reread the definition to make sure I actually know what the definition is.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
My least favorite part of this section was learning the difference between reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing and punishment, punisher and punishing. I felt this was confusing because before I started this class I believed punishment and negative reinforcement were the same things.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. I will remember the term valence, both negative and positive. The reason I believe this will stick in my head is when I read the definition, I thought about using negative valence to describe qualities I don't like about people.
b. Another thing I will remember is self reinforcement. This I believe is the most important type of reinforer. We are the hardest on ourselves, so we can change our behavior drastically if we do not like our behavior.
c. Depending on the consequences, the future can change. If it is reinforcing, the behavior will continue, but if it is punishing, the behavior will decrease.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I wasn't really sure to think about behavior modification. I knew when I worked at four oaks that we were trying to modify the children's behaviors, but I was not completely sure how we did it besides praising them for the good things they did and scolding them for the bad behavior.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It has made me realize how often our behavior is effected by the outside world. I have never thought about how everything we do is effecting the world around us.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforce, aversive, manipulate, reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, valence, self reinforcing

that is cool that you worked at 4 oaks. this will give you plenty to think about as we move through the material. thanks for the work you put into the post

DCM

1) One thing I really liked from the section was how they explained the ABC’s. The section really went into great detail about each one individually. It helped paint a much clearer picture on the antecedent, behavior, and consequence as individual steps. One point I found to be very interesting was that people are unaware of most of the behaviors they do on a day-to-day basis. When I gave that some thought, it really made a lot of sense.

2) It was difficult for me to find something I disliked. If I had to nitpick just a little bit, I would say even though the examples were very good for the ABC’s, they were just a little too broad. Perhaps that was the point was to make the examples very basic so it was easier to understand, but I would have liked for them to add a couple of complicated scenarios to help further my understanding of the topic.

3) One thing I will remember from this section was that every behavior requires an antecedent and consequence. One perfect example of this was presented in the section. When one is at a party, then tells a joke, people laugh. That situation is fine. However, if the same situation were to occur at a funeral, most people would consider that to be inappropriate. Another thing I will remember from this section will be the antecedent, behavior, and consequence and all that each entails. The section made sure to thoroughly discuss the three steps. I will also remember that manipulation isn’t always a bad thing. This was very strange to me at first, but it made a lot more sense as I kept reading the section.

4) One thing I really liked in the section was the material about reinforcement and punishment. I’ve always been very interested in learning about reinforcement, so I really enjoyed reading this section. Reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior while punishment is used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. Although it’s not a difficult topic to understand, I really like the examples they used to apply the material to real-life situations.

5) The part of the section I liked the least was the material on valence. The material seemed very basic. If a person, place, or thing has positive valence, then that means people like it. If a person, place, or thing has negative valence, then that means people dislike it. It just seems so simple. I’m sure it’s very important to help understand other things, but of all of the material covered in this section, this was the least enjoyable to me.

6) One thing I will remember from this section is that when the consequence of one’s behavior is reinforcing, then the chances of the same behavior occurring in similar circumstances increases. I always had a pretty good understanding of reinforcement, but these sections simplified it for me. I’ve always thought this is a very good method in effecting one’s behavior. Telling someone they’re doing a good job will make them want to do a good job again in the future. In relation to that, another thing I will remember is that when the consequence of a behavior is punishing, the chances of the same behavior occurring in similar circumstances decreases. Like the other scenario, it is material I find to be very interesting. I’ve always thought this was a good method as well. If people are punished for doing something bad or wrong, they will try harder next time to do it better to avoid being punished again. Another thing I will remember is the material on self-reinforcement. I had never heard of this before reading the section, and I found it to be very interesting. The example the section used that if someone isn’t getting laughs from people, that person still might tell the jokes if he or she thinks it’s funny. They don’t need the laughs from other people. That blew my mind, because I’m the exact opposite. If someone doesn’t laugh at my joke, there’s a very good chance I won’t be telling that joke ever again.

7) Prior to reading these sections, I didn’t know a whole lot about behavior modification. Other Psychology classes I’ve taken didn’t go into too much. The only thing I can remember is Pavlov’s study with rats when they had to pull a lever to get a piece of food. Just reading these two sections has shown me that I didn’t know much about this subject when it’s applied to real world situations.

8) These sections changed what I originally thought about behavior modification by expanding my knowledge on the subject. Prior to reading these sections, I didn’t know much about behavior modification. I learned that things from smiling, laughing, talking, grabbing a coat because I’m cold are things that I did because my behavior was changed. I was surprised at the many different things that are affected by a person’s behavior. I’m looking forward to getting deeper and deeper into the material in this course.

9) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Manipulation, Valence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Self-reinforcement, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement

excellent job with your post. clearly you have put a lot of thought into the class. thanks

REW
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed how behavior modification was broken down so that as a student I can see the process mapped out. The information is presented using examples that are applicable in our everyday interactions with others.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
It is not so much that I disliked something in this section, as much as, not quite believing the simplicity in which behavior modification can occur. I know there are situations in which using the information from this section are extremely simple and effective, it’s just that I hadn’t thought of it as being so.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
My ABCs. The Antecedent comes first, then the Behavior, and then the Consequence. When thinking about this, it is very true. Depending on the environment or “setting” can have an effect on the Behavior we emit and the Consequence, depending on the first two facets and what are considered society acceptable, is the result. This then serves as a feedback loop for that individual in defining as to whether this behavior received the pleasurable or aversive consequence.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed the areas that allowed me to practice what I was reading. At the end of the section, we are given the opportunity to practice using what we learned in Section 1.1 while applying the new information from Section 1.2. Practice makes perfect, and by using these areas to combine what we have learned in the previous sections, we are not allowing ourselves to forget the previous information and instead are building upon what we now know.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I became a little confused when reading about reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing as well as the punishment, punisher, and punishing terms. While reading as separate they made sense to me, but I had more difficulty in the application sections when asked to demonstrate what was read and how to use them. I believe I have them figured out. Possibly… maybe… (I’m going to be re-reading this section and trying the worksheet portions again.)
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
That there IS a difference in how reinforcement (procedure->increases frequency), reinforcer (something tangible), and reinforcing (consequence) are used. This also applies to punishment (procedure->decreases frequency), punisher (something tangible), and punishing (consequence). There are positive and negative reinforcements. (The waterboarding example was actually very helpful.)
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought there would be treats?!? All jokes aside, I knew behavior modification used positive and negative reinforcements. I was, however, unaware as to the simplicity, yet complexity of behavior modification.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
The two sections provided information on how much behavior is emitted and elicited on a unconscious or subconscious basis each day. I hadn’t thought of it that way until now. This has provided a new perspective and a better understanding of what is going on “behind the scenes”.
The sections provided real world examples of the information we are learning, this has “opened my eyes” to viewing these things from a different or new perspective.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Reinforcer, and Reinforcing, Punishment, Punisher, and Punishing

excellent - thanks

ALH

1) I really enjoyed how interactive this section was. Before opening up the document I didn't know that there were going to be bubbles to fill in that would require me to print out the section. I enjoy reading things on paper more than on a screen anyways, but with the interactive boxes I feel that I will retain the information more thoroughly and I hope that many future sections are the same way.
2) I understand that some people require repeated information in order to retain it, but I felt as though the whole section was rather repetitive and all the info probably could have been given in about three pages instead of seven. I do appreciate some reiteration, but I thought that it was a bit excessive.
3) I will remember that ABC stands for antecedent, behavior, and consequence, mostly because that is all common sense. I will remember that we are unaware of most of the antecedents and consequences that occur with our day to day behaviors. Maybe I wouldn't remember this so clearly if it hadn't been for the video watched in class on Thursday about the failed prank. After watching the video we were asked to point out all of the behaviors that we saw and as a class we missed about half of them. This clearly demonstrates that we sometimes are even unaware of behaviors as they are occurring. I will also remember the anecdote about telling a joke at a party instead of telling a joke at a funeral. This is very memorable because the idea of telling a joke at a funeral just seems absurd; one should expect an aversive response to a joke told at a funeral because it is so inappropriate.
4) I was very interested to learn about self-reinforcement and self-punishment. Now this is a very obvious idea because if I can reinforce others for behavior that they emit that I enjoy, then I should be able to reinforce myself when I also emit good behaviors. I was just unaware that there was a special term for this type of reinforcement or punishment.
5) I did not like how positive and negative valence were mentioned, but the next paragraph told us to forget that idea because it is too confusing later. If we were supposed to forget it, then why was it even mentioned at all?
6) I will remember the terms negative and positive valence, because valence is a new word to my dictionary as opposed to all the various terms that I am already familiar with. It should be fairly easy to remember the newest idea. I will also remember the difference between a naturally occurring reinforcer and a reinforcement procedure, as well as a naturally occurring punisher and a punishment procedure. This is a distinction that was never made to me in my previous classes and, although fairly obvious, it is very important to know. I will remember the comment about negative reinforcement and water boarding. I thought that the statement was so absurd that I took a picture of the document and sent it to several of my friends stating “My teacher Otto MacLin everyone…” It was such an odd example that I am not likely to forget it.
7) Prior to reading these sections, I did not really have much of an idea of what behavior modification was about. I knew that it would fall into the behavioral subset of psychology and that Dr. MacLin was big into clinical psychology so I knew that you play a part.
8) I do not think that it has changed what I previously believed, but it definitely clarified some of my ideas. I think that these first two sections would have been more relevant if teaching freshman and sophomores; however, as a junior, I have heard a variation of this more times than I can count and probably in every psychology class that I have taken my entire career.
9) Terms: psychology, antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, positive valence, negative valence, reinforcement, punishment, naturally occurring reinforcer, reinforcement procedure, naturally occurring punisher, punishment procedure, emit, self-reinforcement, self-punishment

great job

SBC
1 I really liked the section broke down the ABC's defining each and then defined terms that we would using such as emit, salient, aversive, pleasurable, and elicit. This helps me become more aware of how to properly sue the terms in class.

2) What I like the least of this section were the final two exercises. I knew what I should do, but I am unsure if my responses are correct. Hopefully we go over appropriate responses in class on Thursday.

3 The three things that I will remember from this section are the definitions of salient which means strong or easily noticed. I will remember the meaning of ABC's and what each of those stand for; antecedent, before the behavior such as the environment, behavior the actions that are produced and consequences are the actions that are caused by the behavior. I will also remember that the consequence can be pleasurable or aversive.


4 I liked learning about self-reinforcing. The paragraph about how some people aren't good at telling jokes and no one laughs but they keep telling the same lame or awkward jokes because they think the jokes are funny. This helps explain some of my acquaintances.

5)I least liked learning that there is negative and positive reinforcement. I disliked this because I feel like its something that I will struggle with this semester.

6 a I remember that reinforcement and punishment are verbs, reinforcer and punisher are nouns, and reinforcing and punishing are adjectives. I will remember these beacause of the visual aid that was provided in the reading.
b I will remember that positive and negative valence are because I had to reread the paragraph since it wasn't making sense the first time I read it.
c I will also remember the definitions of reinforcer and punisher. Although I already knew the definitions this helped freshen things up and clear the cobwebs from my mind.

7) I thought that behavior modification was just how to get someone to do what you wanted them to do. I believed this mostly because of the way Hollywood portrayed what behavior modification is basing it mostly off of Pavlov's experiments.

8) I know now that behavioral modification isn't just making an association and pairing it like Pavlov did with his dog. There are more pieces terms and types of behavior modification.

9) emit, salient, aversive, pleasurable, elicit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, self reinforcing, reinforcement, reinforcer, punisher, valence,

JSM

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

The breakdown of behavior into a sequence of A (antecedent), B (behavior), and C (consequence). It shows that behavior is a loop of cause-and-effect and that changing details in one step can elicit different outcomes in another.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

Finding out that positive and negative are discouraged as terms when discussing consequences. I understand that the terms will be better used in another section of behavior modification, but it's too appealing to polarize a consequence as either good or bad.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

- behavior is a system involving setup (antecedent), action (behavior), and result (consequence).
- antecedent and consequence effects what behavior is emitted
- manipulation is not always used with bad intentions; people manipulate without even being aware of it.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

The clarification between the verbs/nouns/adjectives of punishment and reinforcement. I would have mistaken reinforcement/reinforcing and punishment/punishing without it.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I'm still confused about the concepts of negative punishment and negative reinforcement. They both sound similar to me, even though I know one is about removing something pleasurable and the other is about removing something aversive.


6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

- the future occurrence of a behavior depends on whether it has been punished or reinforced as a consequence
- negative punishment and negative reinforcement are two different creatures
- valence is the psychological value placed on something

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

I generally thought of behavior modification in terms of operant conditioning. In a classic but cliche example, I knew that a dog could be conditioned to salivate at the sound of a bell, but never made the connection that behavior modification has a place in human psychology (though it seems exceedingly obvious now).

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

Behavior isn't a nebulous occurrence. It can be understood and predicted if one understands the structure it follows.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, positive, negative, ellicit, negative punishment, negative reinforcement, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcement, punishment

you are correct in understand negative is taking something away. like a negative sign in math. depending on what we are taking away will make it either punishment or reinforcement. because there is good deal of repetition in the class and in the material, you will have many other chances to get this aligned in how you think about bmod. thanks


1)I liked how antecedents were linked with behavior and consequence in somewhat of a circle and how the examples were interchangeable in order to make clear how they relate.

2)I didn't like that the antecedents weren't directly linked in affecting the consequence without the behavior. I think that gets more into conditioning with the thought that the process has occurred enough to the point of skipping the behavior.

3)I will remember that Antecedents elicit behavior through context. I will remember to use the terms pleasurable and aversion instead of positive and negative as not to lean toward causation. And I will remember the ABC's and how they are used in every day scenarios.

4.)I thought it was really interesting that people may continue or cease to emit certain behaviors even against the normal theories of punishment and reinforcement by ones own choice to use self reinforcement or punishment against it.

5) I didn't like, and wished that the text would have included positive punishments/reinforcement. This may be another term for "self" punishments/reinforcement, but I am curious how an individual could use that on another.

6) I will remember that reinforcement is for making a behavior more likely to occur, and that punishment is more likely to not occur. I will remember that valence is used here to describe psychological value on something that can be positive or negative. And I will remember that self punishment or reinforcement can decide the direction of frequency in behavior even if it is opposite of the target.

7)I didn't think it was as in depth and involved as many theories and steps and charts as it does, and yet how simple and easy it can be to commit if you are aware of behavior modificationary techniques.

8)I now believe that it is easier than learning specific behavioral techniques, but that by learning the procedure, you can come up with your own techniques suited to your own situation.

9)antecedents, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversion,ABCs, "self" punishments/reinforcement,punishment, reinforcement, elicit,positive, negative

great job with the terms - thanks

CRD
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked seeing the behaviors broke down into the ABC's. For me, I think this helped to make the idea of behavior modification easier to see.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There was nothing in particular that I didn't like in this section, I just thought it crazy how easily you can modify or alter someone's behavior.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember to use the terms pleasurable and aversion instead of positive and negative. Controlling the antecedent can make behavior occur or not occur. The importance of the relationship of behavior and consequence.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked the fact that you clearly distinguished the difference between reinforcement and punishment.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn't necessarily dislike this but I still a little confused on the difference between negative punishment and negative reinforcement.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that a reinforcement procedure is designed to increase the likelihood of behavior. Reinforcement,reinforcing, and reinforcer are similar. Negative reinforcement is a reinforcement that removes something averse.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections, I didn't really have much knowledge of what is involved in behavior modifications.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these first two sections I have a better idea of what behavior modifications is and what the steps are to modify someone's behavior, including your own.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Anacendent,aversive, reinforcement, punishment, negative reinenforcement, ABC's

1. a) I liked the part that was talking about Chomsky’s frustration and boredom claims. b) This intrigued me because it encouraged me to pay attention to what actually grabs my attention. I also connected with it because I am often times frustrated when trying to learn new material and this made it clear that that is probably not a bad thing. It made it seem like this is just the way I take in and process new information. It was cool to have that perspective on this material.

2. I guess something that I didn't really like about this section was that I feel like it was encouraging us to speak like behaviorists and to be honest, I don’t want to. For some reason this class makes me want to rebel more than any other class and I honestly think its because of the idea behind the class. I don’t want to feel like I am giving into the techniques we are learning about. I also think that this is entirely too early in the semester for me to be having these thoughts, but nonetheless, the part about practice talking like a behaviorist was not my favorite part to read. I’m sure as the semester progresses I will conform and be more open minded.

3. a) I will remember the section about frustration and boredom because I think that I will actually benefit form paying attention to these things in my life and while I am studying or working on a project for school or work. Extinction makes sense here too since there is always a point in the night where I stop trying to learn because I am not getting anything out of it due to my head being on other things. When my motivation and ambition is gone, my homework stops.
b) I will remember the part about establishing operations because I think that it is important to know the ways that one can become more influencing in the situations that they are in at that time. This does contradict my original comment about not wanting to conform, but honestly, if you're going to manipulate someone, then you should have all your bases covered.
c)I will remember the comparison of the behavior language to a foreign language because I think that this will be helpful when trying to put two and two together when reading the book and sitting in class. It really makes sense to think of this type of language as a foreign language since that is probably how most people outside of this major would interpret it.

4. This section was more helpful in understanding the difference between reinforcement and punishment. I think that it was easier to read through and retain because of the simplistic view it took. Sometimes I feel like the description of the two is over explained which makes it harder to understand. This wasn't that way.

5. There wasn't a specific part that I didn't like, but this section made me a little nervous because I need to be able to remember every term and be able to utilize it whenever we use them. I think that this is going to be a very helpful section to reference later on in the class if I forget or get stuck, so that was a good thing to find. Now all I have to do is practice the terminology and be able to retain everything I just read.

6. a) I will remember the idea of target behaviors because it is a simple concept that will come in handy quite often in this line of work and study. Having an ideal behavior and only one that needs to be altered or payed attention to makes the measuring and observing process that much easier.
b) I will also remember the term elicited because the way that it was presented in the reading was a good way for us to connect it to real world situations. The sunglasses and visor example illustrates it in an easy and obvious way. Not to mention, I’m sure this term will come in handy in later assignments and opportunities to gather information.
c) Another thing I will remember is the fact that literally every vocabulary word built off of the other words. Target behavior goes to operated response which relates with elicitation of behavior which leads to the discriminate stimulus and so on. I was reading it and I was expecting it to seem like a new paragraph every time but the previous word was used in the definition of the new word. I found it funny how it built on each other so well. This makes the original comparison of learning in this class and learning in a foreign language class make more sense.

7. Prior to reading this section I just saw B-mod as a way of people to manipulate each other and get them to perform in the ways that they wanted. I saw it as a way to study people, but mostly just as a way for people to be in control.

8. These sections made it more clear to me that there are a set of vocabulary and rules that come along with behavior modification. I think that because of this it is easier to see B-mod as a more common thing in the world and societies. Before this I saw it as a cut and dry way to manipulate people into doing what you want them to do, but now I kind of see it as a way to understand behaviors and also a way to bring out the best outcome to a situation if necessary.

9. Terms: establishing operations, Chomsky, behavior language, behaviorist, satiation, extinction, punishment, reinforcement, target behavior, operated response, behavior modification

1) I like how clear and thorough it covered antecedent, behavior, and consequence (the ABCs).
It seemed to be a little bit of over kill, but it is important that we the terminology, to avoid miscommunications in the future. By the time I was finished reading/filling in the squares, I had no doubt that I knew part of the ABCs, which a great way to start.
2) I felt it got a little repetitive, which felt unnecessary, because the ABCs isn’t a very complex concept. Yet, this is a necessary annoyance. I would rather spend a few minutes pounding these concepts into my head, than spend time confused while speaking the language of BMod.
3) The most prevalent thing I learned was the difference between “elicit” and “emit.” These two words distinguish between the behavior that is happening or happened, the environment that conduced or favorable for that behavior. This brings up the next thing I learned, what and antecedent is. Most of the terms in this chapter I had heard before, but antecedent was new. The environment in which behaviors happen cannot be overlooked in BMod. It is simply too powerful of a variable. The third thing I learned is that the ABCs are not a linear path. The consequence can vary depending on the antecedent. All three parts are necessary when observing the truth of A, B, and C.
4) My favorite part of this chapter was the examples. The examples presented were easy to relate to and to understand. Also allowing me to produce my own examples was a great way to solidify the terms in my memory. Also prompting me to “be creative,” resulted in some colorful descriptions that will be more difficult to forget.
5) I did not care for the emphasis on the difference between –ment, -er, and –ing. I felt the first description was simple enough for me to grasp. I think the difference is obvious enough even for as something as important as terminology.
6) I learned that reinforcement and punishment are both verbs used to indicate whether a procedure is reinforces or punishes a certain behavior. I also learned that a reinforcer and punisher are both nouns that indicate that a certain consequence reinforces or punishes a certain behavior. I also learned that reinforcing and punishing are adjectives used to describe the interaction between consequence and behavior is reinforcement or punishment. The distinction between these three is subtle but necessary when discussing BMod.
7) Before reading these sections I had high hopes for BMod. It seems like a useful tool and can be used practically in many different situations. This opinion is an ignorant one, but hopefully I maintain my excitement or perhaps evolve to better appreciate it.
8) Reading these sections did not have an overwhelming influence on my opinion on BMod. It seems that learning the terminology is going to a tedious step, but I acknowledge that is a necessary one. All sciences, no matter how interesting, require some amount of grinding. Too small a price, I say!
Key Terms: antcedents, behavior, consequence, elicit, emit, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing

1) I liked that this section used multiple examples. I liked this because I learn better by repetition, and having many examples helped me to understand what each antecedent, behavior, and consequences were. I also liked that this section discussed what behavior modification was in simple terms. It helps to be able to grasp the concept and then add to it, like this section did.

2) There were a lot of examples where the answers could have been multiple answers, however that also seemed to be kind of the point as well so it may not have been a bad thing. I was just thinking one answer and wondering if that was right when I believe in actuality if it applies to the model, then it is correct.

3) The first concept I will remember is the ABC's and what they stand for; antecedent, behavior and consequence. The second I will remember is how environment can impact behavior (setting the occasion). And lastly, I will remember the difference between ‘elicit’ and ‘emit’. These concepts are important to remember because I have a feeling they be built on later in the course.

4) I really enjoyed how this section is set up. Just like the first section, each main idea is separate when it is necessary and has diagrams to help the reader understand what concepts are being displayed. The simple terms that are easy to follow along with keep my attention while reading through the text. I thought that this section was a bit more challenging and gave better examples as compared to the first section that we read.

5) Certain activities, like listing examples of reinforcement involving something that is ordinarily aversive, I found I liked the least. It took me some time to come up with original examples, as opposed to using the examples that were given and slightly changing them.

6) I will remember that valence is the value placed on a person, thing and can be negative or positive. I will also remember that self-reinforcement can happen even if others involved do not agree. I will also remember that reinforcement is a way to reach a desirable outcome. This can come in handy in everyday situations.

7) Prior to reading, I had thought that changing a behavior was hard and that punishment was probably the fastest or easiest way to get over a bad behavior.

8) Now, I still feel that changing a behavior is a process but reinforcement could be a better way to change. I think if I needed to change a behavior within myself, I would try to use a type of self-reinforcement. I feel as though I would benefit more from reinforcement.

9) Terms Used: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, behavior modification, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, natural reinforcement, natural punishment, valence

1) I liked that this section used multiple examples. I liked this because I learn better by repetition, and having many examples helped me to understand what each antecedent, behavior, and consequences were. I also liked that this section discussed what behavior modification was in simple terms. It helps to be able to grasp the concept and then add to it, like this section did.
2) There were a lot of examples where the answers could have been multiple answers, however that also seemed to be kind of the point as well so it may not have been a bad thing. I was just thinking one answer and wondering if that was right when I believe in actuality if it applies to the model, then it is correct.
3) The first concept I will remember is the ABC's and what they stand for; antecedent, behavior and consequence. The second I will remember is how environment can impact behavior (setting the occasion). And lastly, I will remember the difference between ‘elicit’ and ‘emit’. These concepts are important to remember because I have a feeling they be built on later in the course.
4) I really enjoyed how this section is set up. Just like the first section, each main idea is separate when it is necessary and has diagrams to help the reader understand what concepts are being displayed. The simple terms that are easy to follow along with keep my attention while reading through the text. I thought that this section was a bit more challenging and gave better examples as compared to the first section that we read.
5) Certain activities, like listing examples of reinforcement involving something that is ordinarily aversive, I found I liked the least. It took me some time to come up with original examples, as opposed to using the examples that were given and slightly changing them.
6) I will remember that valence is the value placed on a person, thing and can be negative or positive. I will also remember that self-reinforcement can happen even if others involved do not agree. I will also remember that reinforcement is a way to reach a desirable outcome. This can come in handy in everyday situations.
7) Prior to reading, I had thought that changing a behavior was hard and that punishment was probably the fastest or easiest way to get over a bad behavior.
8) Now, I still feel that changing a behavior is a process but reinforcement could be a better way to change. I think if I needed to change a behavior within myself, I would try to use a type of self-reinforcement. I feel as though I would benefit more from reinforcement.
9) Terms Used: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, behavior modification, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, natural reinforcement, natural punishment, valence

Section 1.1
1 a) I really liked the charts in this section that showed how the same behaviors with different antecedents produce different consequences, such as raising your hand. Raising your hand at an auction emits the consequence of bidding on an item, while raising your hand in class emits the consequence of the teacher calling on you. Also, another chart showed how the same consequence with different antecedents is caused by a different behavior.
b) I liked this because when I read these charts, I immediately understood the content. It was like a light bulb moment. I think these charts are a great way to demonstrate and teach about antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.

2) Since I am such a grammar person, I found myself rewording and editing the text as I read through it. Maybe I should consider textbook editing for a future career instead of family services or psychology.

3a) I will remember the ABC of behavior modification- antecedent, behavior, and consequence, because this is what the textbook is named, and it is introduced in the very first page.
b) I will also remember that depending on the antecedent, the same behavior can result in different consequences. The charts helped me to understand and remember this.
c) I will remember that when we can control antecedents and consequences, we can start to control behaviors. This is memorable to me because it was reiterated in the summary section of the text, and also because it is a basic foundation of the class.

Section 1.2
4a) I really like how this textbook italicizes important vocabulary words. I appreciate that the italicized words are not just words relevant to psychology like most textbooks, but some words are just new words that are useful to add to our vocabulary.
b) I like this because it makes the vocab words easy to note since we will be quizzed on them. Also, it is a good way to learn new vocabulary words.

5) I did not like the section about naturally occurring punishments/reinforcements and punishment/reinforcement procedures. I thought it was not explained very well and found it confusing.

6a) I will remember the difference between reinforcer, reinforcement, and reinforcing because I like grammar. One is a noun, one is an adjective, and one is a verb.
B )I will remember the difference between punishment and reinforcement. I already knew this because I have learned it in multiple other psychology classes.
c) I also will remember that self-reinforcement is what happens when the reinforcer is delivered. I thought this was interesting because it shows how we can modify people’s behaviors by using reinforcement.

7) Before reading this, I knew that behavior modification was the action of changing a person’s behavior by manipulating their actions. This can be done in ways such as punishment and reinforcement, which I already knew and have used while working with children.

8) These sections did not really change much about my idea of behavior modification; however, it did make me more excited to learn more about using punishments and reinforcers and other ways to modify people’s behaviors. This will be useful for me at my job as a nanny, my job at a daycare, and when I have children of my own.

9) TERMS: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, naturally occurring punishments, reinforcement procedures, punishment, reinforcer, reinforcing, reinforcement

Section 1.1
1. What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed getting to fill out the bubbles throughout the chapter. When I was writing down my responses I was actively engaged in the reading instead of simply skimming through the material. I think the activities are going to help me remember more material throughout the semester. I also really liked the conversation about antecedents and how one can perform the same behavior under different antecedents and get different consequences. The example used in the chapter was telling a joke at a funeral versus telling a joke at a party. Under the antecedent of the party, the consequence was laughter, but when the antecedent was a funeral, the consequence was sour looks. I find it interesting that different antecedents can elicit different behaviors.

2. What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I liked everything in the chapter, the only thing I can say I liked least was that I felt like I already knew much of the material that was covered so I felt like I wasn’t necessarily learning anything new, but I was glad to be reading about the ABC’s of behavior modification again because a concrete understanding of them will lead to a better understanding of material covered later in the class.

3. What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I’ll remember antecedent, behavior, and consequence because those are the ABC’s of behavior modification. If we can control the antecedent and the consequence, then we can usually predict (and control) a person’s behavior. The ABC’s are the foundation for beginning to manipulate our own and other’s behaviors.

Section 1.2
4. What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked the topic of pleasurable and undesirable valence. I had never thought about the fact that different people value things differently, so what may seem like a punishment to some might actually be a reinforcer to others, depending on the valence of the object to that person. For instance, someone might see receiving free ice cream as a reinforcer, but I do not like ice cream, so I would see it as a punishment. I also found the topic of self-reinforcement interesting because I actually self-reinforce a lot of behavior, for instance, I only let myself watch Netflix after all of my homework is done. Watching Netflix reinforces the behavior of doing homework.

5. What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There were a lot more bubbles to fill out in this section, and I struggled to come up with examples of punishments, reinforcers, and I especially struggled applying them to the ABC’s of behavior because once I read the example ABC, that was all I could think about. So while I found the activities to be a good learning tool, I struggled to think of answers for them!

6. What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember punishers, reinforcers, and self-reinforcement since I found those topics interesting. I have also studied punishers and reinforcers before and this section acted as a little refresher-course for my brain, so now I feel that I have a pretty good understanding of those terms.

7. Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought more about Pavlov and his dogs because that was a very famous study about behavior modification and it has been covered in multiple psychology courses.

8. How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Now I see a more ‘big picture’ application of it in the ABC’s of behavior modification. I see that the environment has a very powerful affect on people’s behavior and that, in order to change behavior, we have to change their environment and consequences of behavior. We can’t simply ring a bell and cause people to start salivating, we must put them in certain situations and either reinforce or punish that behavior in order to shape the way they react to their environment.

Terms: consequences, behavior, antecedents, valence, punishment, reinforcer, self-reinforcement

1) One thing that I liked about this section was how important it is to understand the antecedents and consequences in order to predict or understand a behavior. I’ve never really paid attention to what affects or results from a behavior. It made a lot of sense to me when I read through the text and realize that the key of predicting a behavior is to understand the relationship between the antecedents and the consequences.

2) There was nothing that I disliked in this section because everything make sense to me and they are really interesting.

3)
1. ABC stands for Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence.
2. Understanding the relationship between antecedents and consequences can help us predict behaviors.
3. Antecedents directly relate to the environment.

4) One thing that I liked in this section was the power of reinforcement and punishment. It might not be obvious in the real world but punishment and reinforcement change behaviors in daily events. It is interesting to examine the causes of a behavior after breaking it down.

5) One thing that I liked least in the section was the different type of reinforcements and punishments. It was a little complicated and confusing as I went through the text.

6)
1. The difference between positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.
2. The difference between reinforcement and punishment.
3. Self reinforcement increases the frequency of a behavior even though it seems like a punishment to others.

7) Prior to reading these sections, I have never really thought about how behavior modification works.

8) Reading these sections improved my understanding on behavior modification. Since i have never really put thoughts into what behavior modification requires, these sections actually help me better understand how behavior changes, and what changes behaviors.

9) Antecedent, reinforcement, punishment, consequences, self-reinforcement

Section 1.1

1.
A. I enjoyed learning that behavior modification, at a basic level, is controlled via only the ABCs- the Antecedent (what comes before the behavior), the Behavior, and the Consequence.

B. It's interesting to me because usually we think of our behaviors as decisions that we make on the fly- that no one could predict or dictate what behaviors we emit in an environment where we have free will. The ABCs show that the actions one emits are shaped by the antecedent and consequence of those behaviors and not only the things that we are consciously aware of.


2.
A. I didn't really dislike anything in this section. It was short and only covered a few things- not much to be able to dislike.

B. See above.


3.
A. I will remember that the A in ABCs stands for antecedent and that it means what is happening before the behavior. I will remember this because it was one of the things the section covered the most.

B. I will remember that the B in ABCs stands for behavior and that the C stands for consequence. I separated these from antecedent because they didn't require an alteration of/addition to my vocabulary. I will remember them because they are one of the only things the section covered heavily.

C. I will remember that aversive consequences (punisher) are most likely to decrease the probability of a behavior being emitted again (punishment), and that pleasurable consequences (reinforcer) are most likely to increase the probability of a behavior being emitted again (reinforcement). I'll remember this because it resonates with what I already know about reinforcement.


Section 1.2

4.
A. One thing I really liked about this section was the importance it placed on vocabulary.

B. I've always felt that it was important to be able to clearly illustrate your point and having a strong grasp on the meanings of words helps with this. The focus on how the words should be used will make it easier to convey my thoughts about the subject in a more concise and exact fashion.


5.
A. The repetition of some of the questions.

B. I understand the usefulness of repetition in learning, but that doesn't make it any more fun.


6.
A. I will remember that valence is the psychological value someone places on a person, place, or object. I will remember this because it seems like an important word to have in ones vocabulary if they are going to talk about psychology.

B. I will remember to use words such as aversive or desirable instead of negative and positive to describe the valence of a thing so as not to be unclear or inconsistent with my wording.

C. I will remember that the consequence and antecedent are related. I will remember this because of the example of the man going in to the restroom meant for women. Specifically it will help me remember to think about what impact a consequence might have on an antecedent.


7. Prior to reading these sections I didn't think much of behavior modification outside of what I already knew about conditioning from other psychology courses. This is because I simply wasn't sure what to expect from the course or the subject beyond that.


8. These sections have changed my thinking about behavior modification quite a bit. One example would be self-reinforcement. I thought that such a thing wouldn't work because a person knew that they could give themselves the reinforcement whenever they wanted instead of after the desired action. The idea that it could be done unconsciously never occurred to me, and the fact that it works at all is interesting to me. Along with this idea, the idea that the everyday social cues we take from others can result in natural reinforcement or punishment without us ever being conscious of it taking place. These sections have shown me that behavior modification will be much more than just relearning conditioning.


9. Terms used: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, aversive, desirable, valence, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, valence, self-reinforcement, probability, naturally occurring reinforcement, naturally occurring punishment

One thing that I really liked about this section was how easy it was to understand what the ABC’s meant because I had visuals to look at (the diagrams). I am more of a visual learner so I thought that this was really helpful. Another thing that I liked was that as we read the section we were asked to fill in diagrams and questions ourselves. This was good practice, especially since you learn more when you can put the new information you have learned to use. Not that I necessarily disliked this, but I think it will take some getting used to, to refer to certain terms in the BMOD language. For example, not positive and negative outcomes, rather pleasurable or aversive. The first thing that I will remember from this section is what the ABC’s stand for, antecedent, behavior, and consequence. Because that is what the whole textbook is centered around it is a good idea to remember what they mean. Second, I will remember is that in day to day life usually we aren’t aware that we are using the ABC’s in our behavior. It is important to remember this because it may make you dive deeper into figuring out behavior if we know that we don’t think about it all the time. Last, I will remember that once we can control the antecedent and the consequence we can begin to control behavior. This is important to remember because you can use this to your advantage if you want someone or something to behave in a certain way.

What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? What was one thing that you disliked that was in the section? Why? What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing I disliked in section 1.2 of the text was figuring out how exactly punishment, punisher, and punishing are different, I found it confusing trying to figure out how they are different in behavior modification besides the fact that one is a noun, one is a verb, and one is and adjective. One thing I liked about this section was how it gave us examples of positive valence and negative valence and then had us come up with our own. Having examples of these made it a lot easier for me to understand the concept. The first two things that I will remember from this section are, punishments can involve something desirable and reinforcements can involve something aversive or undesirable. These are important to remember because it can get confusing if you don’t understand them. The last thing that I will remember is self-reinforcement occurs when the reinforcement is delivered by the individual themselves.
Prior to reading these first two sections, I didn’t know much about behavior modification. I definitely didn’t think it was as complex as it is. After discussing all the different ways that behavior can be altered by reinforcements and punishments it has definitely changed what I originally thought about behavior modification and its simplicity.

Terms: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, antecedent, behavior, consequence, valence, punisher, punishing, reinforce, reinforcing, aversive, undesirable

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

A. I liked how behavior can be broken down into three parts.

B. I never thought about behavior being broken down into setting, action, and consequence. I keep trying to think of different behaviors that this wouldn’t work for but I can’t and I find that interesting.


2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I don’t like the thought of using the knowledge of behavior to control other people. It has its benefits but I also see that there could be a very dark side to having this knowledge.


3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

A. We are going to switch from using positive and negative to pleasurable and aversive. I will remember this because I have always thought that positive and negative were confusing words to use when talking in psychology. I always saw it as positive means presenting something and negative means taking something away (positive punishment, negative reinforcement).

B. Antecedent (setting), Behavior (action), consequence. I will remember these because it is ABC (easy to remember) and it is the setting for behaviors.


C. Behaviors can and will change depending on the antecedent. This is easy to remember because it is easily observable in our everyday lives.


After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

A.I thought self-reinforcement was interesting.

B.I think it is interesting because we can use it to control our own behavior. I think the difference between being self-reinforcement and external reinforcement is crucial in controlling behavior.


5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I wish there had been more examples of valence and self-reinforcement because I feel like those terms were skimmed over briefly and I want to know more about them.


6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

A. I will remember positive and negative reinforcement and punishment because they were the main points of this section and making examples makes it easy to remember.

B. I will remember valence because it was a new term that I had never heard before.

C. I will remember self-reinforcement because I think it is very important when trying to change your own behavior.


7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

I thought behavior modification was about saying things to manipulate people or animals into doing behaviors that you want them to do. For example, I thought it was about saying no at the right time to decrease a behavior but I learned that there is much more to it than just saying yes or no at the right point in time.


8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

It has changed what I originally thought of behavior modification because I now know that there is a lot more too changing behavior than just punishments and saying yes or no at the right time. Changing behavior can be simple but it can also be very complex.


9) Terms: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, positive punishment, negative reinforcement, valence, self-reinforcement.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing I really liked that was in this section was the examples in the boxes. They were very helpful in understanding what antecedent, behaviors and consequences are with examples of each.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn't anything that I particularly disliked in this section, but if I had to answer this, it would be that the relationship between the consequence and the antecedent is a bit confusing when it is being explained with the arrow on the diagram.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the examples given because those are very helpful, and I will also remember to use the terms pleasurable and aversive instead of negative and positive. Something else I will remember is the "telling a joke at a funeral" example because it was a good example of how ABC works.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that there were boxes for us to fill in on this reading because I felt as though this reading was a bit confusing because I didn't necessarily know the difference between punishment and reinforcement until reading the article.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I didn't particularly like that this reading was all over the place; I felt like the examples given in the boxes were confusing and I don't know if I'm able to distinguish between the two still.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things I will remember are 1. the example of getting the roommate to do the dishes, because it is applicable 2. that reinforcers are tangible and 3. that valence is the psychological value we place on a person, place or thing.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to these articles, I thought that behavior modification could be used as a quick fix for a habit of sorts.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
After reading these sections, I've learned that behavior modification is a process instead of a "quitting cold turkey" situation.
9) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequences, Pleasurable, Aversive, Punishment, Reinforcement, Valence

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
-I really liked how behavior modification was broken down in ABC. I have never really thought about how behavior is contingent upon an antecedent and results in a consequence. I think a lot of the time, at least personally, is spent focusing on the behavior instead of what causes the behavior and what is caused due to the behavior. Breaking behavior modification down into the ABC's really helped me gain a better understanding of behavior.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
- There isn't really anything that I disliked in this section, however, I am not really a fan of the manipulating aspect of controlling people based on behaviors and antecedents.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
- I will remember that before a behavior is emitted, there is an antecedent that causes the behavior and the behavior in turn causes a consequence (ABC). I will remember to use Pleasurable and Adverse when referring to consequences instead of positive and negative. Also I will remember the examples used in this section to explain the ABC's because they were simple and made it easy to understand the relationship of the ABC's and real life situations.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
- I really liked how the difference between a reinforcer and reinforcement procedures was explained. I also liked the explanation of valance. I thought it was done clearly and made the difference between the two easy to understand.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
- I didn't really dislike anything in this section, however I was a little confused on the section on negative reinforcement and punishment. I think I have a pretty good understanding after reading it a couple of times.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
- I will remember that reinforcement is used to increase the likelihood of the behavior occurring after the antecedent and punishment is used to decrease the likelihood of the behavior occurring after the antecedent; remembering this will be easy because it was clearly stated in the text. I will also remember that reinforcer occur without being planned and reinforcement procedures is something that is planned to happen.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
- I thought behavior modification was a quick and easy fix for behaviors that were not see as acceptable.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
-After reading these sections I realize that behavior modification encompasses a lot more than just encouraging or discouraging a behavior. I've never really thought about what leads up to causing a behavior and what is caused by the behaviors we emit. After reading about the ABC's it makes since that changing behaviors is not a quick and easy task.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
- Antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcer, reinforcement procedure, emit, punishment, pleasurable, adverse, valance

1. I like the boxes that ask us to think whether it is bad or good to manipulate someone’s behavior, and whether manipulating behaviors are just as easy as ABCs? I like that I am require to think about the text because it enhances my learning and memory. Reading the text is easy but thinking about it and have an opinion about it is important.
2. I liked least about the vocabularies and terms. Terms that I use in everyday life become something different is a little frustrating. It makes less sense. Why can’t we just say “do something” instead of “emitting a behavior?”
3. I will remember the ABCs, the terms, and that manipulating others’ behaviors isn’t necessarily a bad thing. These information will retain in my memory because they were emphasized, and very well explained.
4. I like the practices I get to do to learn about reinforcement, punishment, and self-reinforcement. These practices help me understand the most important concepts thoroughly. Sometimes just by reading I can’t tell what I know and what I don’t know – with these practices I get to realize that there are some concepts that I am still confused about.
5. I liked least about the concept of self-reinforcement. I had a hard time seeing the difference between self-reinforcement and reinforcement. That concept was new to me. I had it figured out by working on the practices provided.
6. I will remember the differences between reinforcement and punishment, the differences between reinforcement and self-reinforcement, and the term “valences.” I will remember these because they were very well explained, the examples were very clear, and I got to think about them while working on the practices.
7. Prior to reading these sections, I thought behavioral modification was all about conditioning, and I think I was right. Reinforcement and punishment are parts of conditioning, as well as the ABCs. I was taught about behavioral modification when taught about behaviorism from previous psychology courses, and these sections enhanced by knowledge.
8. These sections did not change much about what I thought behavioral modification was, they enhanced my knowledge instead. Now I know more in depth regarding the ABCs and valences, manipulation.
9. manipulation, ABCs (antecedents, behaviors, consequences), valence, reinforcement, punishment, self-reinforcement, behavioral modification, behaviorism

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The empty boxes. It forced us to think on our own and create our own ideas, giving us a better understanding overall.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
That a few normal everyday terms have a different meaning for B. Mod. It's not too much of a big deal, just adds a little confusion.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? That some terms will have different meanings in this course; the acronym ABC, and that the view of manipulating people doesn't necessarily mean something wrong.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
It gave many very specific descriptions of terms, and that made it easier to stay on the same page.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The term "valence" was slightly confusing, so another example or two, for that term, would be helpful.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? I will remember valence, to not use the terms positive/negative, and self-reinforcement. Valence and using pleasurable/aversive, instead of positive/negative, are new concepts for myself.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I thought behavior modification was basically about either reinforcing or punishing a behavior in an attempt to get a desired result. I have picked up some knowledge of this subject from previous psychology classes and that helped shape what I currently know.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? That manipulation can be just as good of a thing as it can be bad. I never really realized that even a simple closed sign on a storefront is absolutely a form of manipulating people.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post. ABCs, valence, manipulation, self-reinforcement, aversive/pleasurable, reinforcement/punishment, positive/negative.

1) What was the one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
-I really liked all the examples they gave to show ABCs. Seeing the examples helped me to better understand the concept of ABCs.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
- I didn't really like the empty boxes. It was easy to write down a behavior and a consequence, but it was a little harder to think of an antecedent.

3) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
-I will remember the concept of the ABCs, to avoid specific terms such as positive and negative, and that manipulation is necessarily a bad thing. Instead of using specific terms such as positive and negative, we are to use terms like pleasurable and aversive.

4) What was one thing you liked that was in the section? Why?
- I really liked how the section was set up. I liked how it did one section on reinforcement and then the next section on punishment. It allowed me to see the difference between the two and see examples of both.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked the least) that was in the section? Why?
-I like the empty boxes and I like how we could write our own examples, but it sometimes hard to come with three examples, which i didn't like.

6) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
- I will remember that reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing are all similar, but one is a verb while the other two are a noun and an adjective. I will also remember that it is the case for punishment, punisher, and punishing. Valence is another thing that I will remember. Also, that reinforcement can involve something aversive, punishment can involve something desirable, and self reinforcement occurs when the reinforcer is self delivered.

7) Prior to reading these section, what did you think about behavior modification. Why?
- I never really thought about reinforcement, punishment, or really any of these others terms that I've learned. I never thought they applied to behavior modification. I guess in a way I didnt really have an opinion about behavior modification before reading these sections.

8) How was reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? Why?
- Reading these sections has allowed me to look at behavior modification in a new light. I really enjoyed reading these sections and learning about all the new terms and how they relate to behavior modification. It made me realize that there is a lot more to behavior modification then I originally thought.

9) Once you are done with your post make a list of the term and terminology you used in your post.
- ABCs, manipulation, negative/positive, aversive/pleasurable, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, punishing, reinforcing, valence, self-reinforcement.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The one thing I liked about this section was that it was easy to understand and comprehend. There wasn’t a lot of vocabulary that made this section hard to understand. The reading was easy to go through. I liked this because sometimes with psychology books, the wording is hard to understand making the point confusing that they were trying to come across. It was easy to find the point in the reading.

2. What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t a lot that I didn’t like about the reading. The only thing that could get hard would be that you tell us to fill in the boxes. We haven’t had class a lot so I’m not sure if we ever go over the sections in detail or not. But if we don’t, the reason I wouldn’t like that is that I would never know if I was right or wrong about the answer I picked to put in the box. This section would be hard to have a wrong answer but for future references, it could be difficult.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing that I will remember from this would be that ABC’s of Behavior Modification is antecedent, behavior, and consequence. I had never learned about that before this class so that will help to understand why or how people behave. Another thing that I took out of this reading would be that the environment or antecedents sets up the behavior. The antecedents is what is happening before the behavior meaning your environment or what is around could influence your behavior. The last thing that I could take from this section is that consequence is going to be different according to your antecedent. Due to where you are like the statement I said before is going to affect how you react.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
The thing that I liked about this section was that you used lots of examples. It is easier to understand in my opinion if you use lots of examples. Sometimes it is harder to understand if there isn’t any.

5. What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The one thing that I didn’t like about this section was that it kept refer to later chapters. At the time, we were trying to learn about something and it kept saying that we would talk about it in a later chapter.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing that I got out of this section was that reinforcement and punishment are two more things that go along with how you behave and what happens. They involve the behavior and the consequence. Another thing that I learned was that the was a negative and positive reinforcement. They are both to gain something but are done in different ways. The last thing that I took out of this was that self-reinforcement is when the reinforcer is self delivered. You can award yourself.

7. Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading this, I thought behavior modification was looking at how people react to different situations, looking at the different ways or possibilities. I didn’t have a lot of understanding about it but I thought it would be good for what I want to do in the future.

8. How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It has changed it in a minor way. I knew most of what we learned in the sections, mostly just refreshed my memory. I think that there will be a lot more to learn in the future chapters though.

9. Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
behavior modification, antecedent, reinforcement, punishment, negative reinforcement, positive reinforcement, self reinforcement

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I really liked the numerous examples you give us for practice. I think this really helps me grasp the concept of the ABC's of behavior modification. Furthermore, I like that this section gives us the chance to create our own situations and examples of the ABC's.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

There really was not anything I disliked in this section except for the potential ethical considerations one should probably take when thinking about manipulating someone or changing their behavior. If one were to do it for the right reasons, I suppose it would be fine. But ethical issues could creep in if behavior modification like this was used for personal gain or other reasons that would generally be considered unethical.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

a) The first thing I will remember from this section is what is is that the "ABC"'s stand for. I am sure we'll be discussing them a lot, so I'm sure I'll remember what each letter stands for. That is, antecedent, behavior, and consequence. b) The second thing I will remember from this section is to use the terms "pleasurable" and "aversive" instead of "positive" and "negative" when I discuss behavior modification, because the latter two terms mean very specific things in the language of behavior modification. c) The third thing I will remember from this section is that the ABC diagram is not linear, as you say "not A then B then C." The way it works is that it is on a loop because of feedback, and the loop is always there because the relationship between the ABC's is always there.


4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I like how this section incorporates and shows how section 1.1 relates to this section. I believe doing so helps us see and understand the actual process of behavior modification. I hope that this continues to be the case throughout the book.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

I am a little unsure of how I would use the term "valence" in proper form. I feel that I may get it confused with another term, so maybe some more clarification is necessary, especially when discussing positive and negative valence.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

a) The first thing I will remember from this section is the correct ways to use "punishment" and "reinforcement" when discussing a noun, an adjective, and verbs. Before I would have used the same word no matter what, but now I understand the difference. b) The second thing I will remember from this section is that it is possible to have a pleasurable outcome from something aversive. This is a way of looking at it that I never had before, so this will stick with me. c) The third thing I will remember from this section is that there is a strong relationship between the antecedent and the consequence, such as the "wrong bathroom" example given in the reading.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

Prior to reading these sections, I thought behavior modification was only the information I could relate to concepts discussed in previous classes, such as classical conditioning. I have never looked specifically at behavior modification before, so I was unsure of what to expect.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

As stated previously, I was unsure of what to expect from this class because I could only relate to what I had learned from previous classes. These sections have changed what I originally thought because it has broadened my knowledge on the subject already, even when being only two sections in. I can tell I have much to learn in the area of behavior modification.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

Terms: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, positive, negative, valence, punishment, reinforcement.

1.1

1) I like how this section broke down the how the occurrence of behaviors happens using the ABC model. It made it simpler to understand that the antecedent is like the environment and sets the occasion for a behavior to occur. The controlling of this is very powerful because it can predict the behavior and the consequence can determine the likeliness of the behavior occurring again. This also says how important the controlling of consequences may be. This model made it easier to understand behaviors and what we emit due to the antecedent and consequence or what we can elicit by controlling the antecedent and consequence.

2) I guess I least liked in this section how positive and negative are terms not preferred when describing behaviors or consequences. Just makes it a little more complicated changing language in Behavior Modifications to pleasant or aversive rather than saying what I'm naturally used to. It's not that difficult though.

3) Three things I will remember from this section are; a-knowing the antecedent and consequence will make the behavior more predictable. b-having control over the antecedent and consequence will set the occasion for the behavior and determine if behavior is more likely to occur if used under the same antecedent. c-the ABC's of Behavior Modification is not a linear model, it's more of a loop, meaning that the resulting consequence can determine the behavior if put in the same antecedent again. I will remember these because this is a new concept I have never come across before for understanding behavior occurrence.

1.2

4) I liked how this section broke down reinforcement and punishment and explained the different types and how they work. These are concepts that I think get confusing because they are over thought, but it was put more simply so easier to understand. Reinforcing is meant to increase the behavior and punishment is meant to decrease, but there are different forms of each, such as; negative punishment, negative reinforcement, and self-reinforcement.

5) I think it got a little confusing when things got broken down into verbs, nouns, and adjectives. I think it just made me over think it and it became slightly difficult to answer some of the questions regarding giving examples of each.

6) Three things I will remember from this section are; a-valence the term is used to describe psychological value of a person/place/thing. b-valences can be positive or negative and provide desirable or aversive outcomes that can be either reinforcers or punishers. c-I see the difference between negative punishment and reinforcement. Negative punishment is the subtraction or removal of something with positive valence to increase and unpleasant experience, while negative reinforcement is the removal of something aversive to reinforce desirable behaviors. I will remember these things because valence is a completely new term and concept for me, and negative punishment/reinforcement has always been a confusing thing for me to understand and now I finally get it.

7) I really didn't think it was as complex as these two sections made it out to be. I was familiar with reinforcing and punishing to increase or decrease behavior but that was about it. I thought it was just simply the modifying of behaviors but I was surprised to see there was more to it than that.

8) I now see it as a more complex concept that includes multiple ways of predicting or changing behavior. I didn't know a lot of the new terms introduced in this section, and I had never heard of the ABC model for behavior. I now see that manipulation as less of a negative term as it is shown in these sections as being able to have a positive outcome and be used to reinforce behavior with pleasant valence.

9) ABC's, antecedent/behavior/consequence, pleasant/aversive, reinforcement/punishment, positive/negative, self reinforcement, valence, reinforcers/punishers, manipulation, desirable/aversive outcome, modification.


1 a & b) What I really enjoyed about the section was the do it yourself box prompts. It is sometimes difficult to retain topical information and terms if you don’t have to think about it and come up with relevant examples. Not only were we prompted to give an example but we had to think of multiple which was difficult at times but it helped.

2) The only thing I disliked was that there were not ‘answers’ to the diagrams that we would partially fill out like the Bringing Home Food section. I would have liked to try it on my own and possibly check my understanding afterwards in a more structured way.

3 a, b &c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. First I will remember the ABCs of behavior, antecedent (before) – the environment that encompasses the behavior, behavior – the act itself, and the consequence (after) – what happens as a result of the behavior. These three components are the foundation for understanding behavior and behavior modification so I will take effort to remember these to build other concepts on top of.
b. Second I will remember that consequence can be both aversive and pleasurable because it is narrowing to understand consequences for behavior as only resulting in a particular psychological valence.
c. Third I will remember that once you know the antecedent or the environment as well as the consequence it is easier to predict the behavior. This is important in structuring the environment or the reaction to particular things if you can predict the type of behavior you are attempting to prevent or change in result too.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
a) What I enjoyed about the section was self-reinforcement.
b) I always wondered why a behavior continues to happen, regardless of if a punishment is present. This apparently takes place because the self-reinforcement trumps punishment.

5) The thing I disliked was the exuberant amount of fill in the box examples. This is because it often stopped my comprehension of the concepts because it broke up the reading so much. Having most at the end as a test of how much I actually remembered would have been nice.

6 a, b &c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. The difference between reinforcer/punisher and reinforcement/punishment. This is important because to refer to different concepts. A reinforce/punisher is a person, place or thing that may randomly cause a shift in behavior whereas reinforcement and punishment are conscious processes intended to increase or decrease behavior from happening in the future.
b. Valence a pleasurable or undesirable. It is important to understand the cognitive component and reaction an individual has to behavior modification and it also changes the nature of processes between reinforcement and punishment based on the circumstances. The phrases positive and negative are also reserved for another component of behavior modification.
c. Negative punishment acts as a double negative in context of its definition. Reinforcement and punishment procedures do not always have to involve adding something; they can also involve removing one or the other. I will remember this because it broadens the methods of reducing and increasing behavior.

7) Before these readings I only ever really understood the use of behavior modification in the context of animal training. This focus also explains my limited knowledge to classical and operant conditioning. Additionally, human behavior is consistently talked about in accordance with changing thought processes, so I have never really explored how an intervention to behavior affects humans.

8) A good amount of examples during the readings framed behavior modification in the context of changing human behavior so it was interesting to read situations where it would apply. Another aspect is the continued balance of the necessity and use of both reinforcement and punishment. For parenting in particular (especially guides for parents of unruly teens) a lot of focus is placed on reducing unwanted behaviors instead of increasing good ones and that balance between and even focus on reinforcement is something I am not used to. It makes a lot of sense because we react to praise just as much as we would punishment but it has never been framed in that way. Many of my friend’s parents focused on discipline and structure and I was raised entirely differently yet both of us turned out ok, the section made me realize that my parents just used a different type of behavior modification.

9) Antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, pleasurable, valence, reinforcer, punisher, reinforcement, punishment.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

One thing that I found interesting about this chapter is how many simple behaviors we all emit each and everyday. Every choice we make has a consequence and I’ve never really stopped to think about that before.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I wouldn’t say that there was anything I truly disliked, however I did find the beginning of the chapter a bit disturbing. It talks about how if we can predict the consequences and are given a certain antecedent, then we could potentially control the way people behave, and I myself find that a bit disturbing.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
The first thing I will remember from this chapter is the vocabulary usage. I feel that when we get deeper into the material, we will come across many of these words quite often. The second thing I will remember is that the diagrams that are provided don’t simply go in one direction, but are all connected into one big loop. The third and final thing I will take away from this chapter is that the antecedent is basically a term used for “setting the occasion” or giving the person an environment where they can emit a specific behavior.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing I really liked about this section of the book was the explanation of Self-reinforcement. I have often wondered why some people continue to tell jokes because they are not funny. The self-reinforcement definition in this book sheds some light on what might be going through that persons head when they are telling the joke. They find it humorous, yet many others may not.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I didn’t like very much about this section is the amount of words thrown at the reader all at one point. I felt like there was a large amount of vocabulary that was tossed in all at once and I had to read a few paragraphs again just to get the full understanding of them.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

The first thing that I will take away from this chapter is the self-reinforcement section. Every time somebody tells a bad story or joke I will remember that they may find themselves funny even though many others may not. The next thing I will take away from this section is how reinforcers and punishers can be used to emit a certain behavior from a person. The third thing I will take away from this section is the definition of Valance. When something is described as positive or negative, this gives that person, place, or thing words to describe how desirable or undesirable they are.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before reading these sections I thought behavior modification was just this; how to get a person to emit a certain behavior by giving them some kind of stimulus.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections shed a bit more light on behavior modification for me. It showed me that the antecedent, behavior, and consequence are all related in a loop and that every behavior that is emitted has a consequence that follows based on a persons surroundings.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, valance, reinforcement, punishment, emit, aversive, pleasurable.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked the fact that behavior modification was explained in a way that it was divided into Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences. I have never really been aware that behaviors we emit have antecedents(causes) and consequences(results). This chapter was an eye opener to me. Also, I liked the idea of filling in the boxes with what I think the answer should be as it kept me engaged and made learning more efficient for me while I read through the chapter.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I least liked in this section was that the examples were too simple. Although I did like the examples because it could relate to our everyday life, I felt that one or two complex examples could have been stated just so that I get an idea of how antecedents can control behaviors in complex situations.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that behaviors can be explained in terms of ABC which are Antecedents, Behaviors, and Consequences. Apart from that, I will remember that antecedents are important predictors of consequences of the behaviors we perform. Lastly, using the terms pleasurable and aversive for consequences instead of positive and negative is another thing I will remember from this section.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that aversive outcome can involve something that is
desirable and desirable outcome can involve something that is aversive. I have never thought about these possibilities before reading this section.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I felt that too many examples were asked to be filled in the boxes and it was time consuming. Thus, it was not my favorite part of this section.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember that reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing are verb, noun, and adjective respectively just like punishment, punisher, and punishing. I will also remember that "valence" is a psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing and it can be categorized into positive and negative valence. Besides that, I will remember that we can reinforce our behaviors by ourself through self-reinforcement.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections, I never thought that behaviors can be broken down into antecedents, behaviors, and consequences. Apart from that, I thought that behavior modification means solely altering undesirable behaviors in humans.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Reading these sections have made me aware that behavior modification is not solely about altering or removing unwanted or undesirable behaviors, but, it is also about maintaining pleasurable behaviors through reinforcement from an individual's environment or the indivual themselves.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedents, behaviors, consequences, reinforcement, valence, positive valence, negative valence, self-reinforcement, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcer, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, emit.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed how the material was introduced, there are few words that most people would not know. The content is explained and defined well using simple examples paired with charts for clarity. The section provided a great overview for the main parts of what bmod contains.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The point may be driven home way to hard, I felt some information was repetitive and filler-y. Aside from being repetitious a few details were skimmed over and the definitions were too simple.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
A) Antecedents refers to the situation before a behavior occurs, the behavior is the action we observe and consequences refers to the outcome of the behavior.
B) The ABCs are building blocks of behavior, and also the basis of understanding behavior modification.
C) Environment is a large component the emitting of behavior.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
It flows well with the other chapter, it refers back to last section but it but doesn’t waste time reviewing to in-depth. The chapter does a great job of distinguishing between reinforcement/ punishment procedures and positive/negative valence.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
This section seems to have a words that were very similar yet different, for example reinforce, reinforcement and reinforcing. Small differences that will take a little more time to distinguish.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
• A consequence of a behavior is punishing the probability of the behavior occurring under the same instance will decrease, but reinforcing behavior leaders to an increase in the behavior occurring.
• Valence can be either positive or negative general descriptor for a person, place or thing. This can also refer to consequences.
• Reinforcement CAN be aversive and punishment CAN involve something desirable
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I had a rough idea what behavior modification involved but after reading sections 1.1 and 1.2 information is much clearer. During intro psychology classes I feel they skim over the behavior section and what they do teach is a history lesson and less current practices.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
My first impression was that it was simple and could be easily explained with the ABC’s but there is much more to explaining and modifying behavior that I’m sure we’ll cover during the semester.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Behavior modification, Antecedents, Behavior, Consequences(ABC’s), Positive/Negative, Reinforcement, Valence.

1 a&b) One thing I enjoyed was how you broke down the material and made it easy to understand. Most text books would use the terminology and not care to explain what it meant, but you thoroughly went over what the terms meant and how you wanted the information interpreted. I love clarification, so this made it stress-free for me.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
In all honesty, I can't really think of something that I disliked…maybe too many examples? I feel like one example of each was enough probably. But overall, I enjoyed the readings.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember: 1. The ABC's of behavior modification- antecedent, behavior, and consequence. 2. I will remember to NOT use the terms positive and negative, for they have their own, separate meaning. I will use terms such as pleasurable for positive things and aversive for negative things. 3. I will remember that the antecedent will affect the consequence. For example, telling a joke(behavior) at a party(antecedent) will end up with laughter(consequence). However, if you are telling a joke(behavior) at a funeral(antecedent) that would probably end with a sour look(consequence). (Thanks for the example)

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how you gave a thorough explanation about the difference between reinforcement and punishment. For some reason, these concepts used to always get mixed up in my head; but after reading your work, I feel rather silly for not understanding this concept. Thank you for making your work understandable.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Same as the other dislike question above, I did not truly dislike anything about this section, minus possibly having to give a ton of examples. I feel like I understood the concept after a few examples; it just got a little repetitive.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? I will remember: 1. Reinforcement is something that is done to increase the behavior whereas punishment is something that is done to decrease the behavior. 2. An example of positive valence is ice cream tasting good, and an example of negative valence is that music is unpleasant to listen to. 3. Self-reinforcement and what is going on in other's heads when they are telling a joke and thinking they are funny when to others they are not funny at all.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I guess I really didn't put much thought into behavior modification. I just assumed it was about the different ways people work and how their behavior can affect others and their life.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? These readings have given me a broader idea of what behavior modification is about. I knew the majority of these terms before reading, but valence was a new term for me. It showed me that I know a little bit about behavior modification already, and I am sure there is a ton that I am going to learn about it. I am really excited to learn more about this.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABC's= antecedent (ante-before), behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, positive/negative valence, self-reinforcement, punishment, reinforcement

Section 1.1
1) a & b What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing I really liked that was in the section was the explanation of antecedents, behaviors and consequences. I never realized how a behavior may depend on the situation, environment and what might have happened before to cause that behavior. It was well explained through the examples. What I also liked were the diagrams, because it helped the understanding and gave me a more visual understanding. 



2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing that was adverse for me, were the examples. In my opinion there were too many examples and it was getting tired seeing them all over again all the time. I think with just a few examples could have been better because then I don’t get tired of reading the same examples and getting distracted. Instead, with less examples and continue reading new things and learning something new. 



3) a, b & c What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
What I will remember for sure is the sequence of antecedents, behaviors and consequences. Mostly because the three of them are kind of the most important three letters. Also, now thinking in the A, B and C make me think more in my behaviors and the consequences they can cause. Along with the A, B, and C terms, come the new vocabulary. Some words required me more research than other depending on the context. However, most of the vocabulary is on my head with an understanding.

Section 1.2
4) a & b What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
Compared to the last section, in this section the examples are very clear and actually they help to increase the understanding. Also is was very interesting seeing how reinforcement and punishment can change from noun to verbs depending on the situation. 


5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
What I disliked the most was the repetition. All the context was pretty much repetitive and the examples mad it clear at first so I don’t think there was need of keep been repetitive. 


6) a, b & c What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Reinforcement, punishment and valence. Reinforcement and punishment for the different examples. I will remember valence because is was a total new word for me and it was applied in the reading many times. 


7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Before the reading, behavior modification for me was pretty much how people changed according to their environment. What kind of behaviors they emit or emitted according to the situation. I thought we were just going to watch clips and analyze what happened. I totally did not expected to have that many new words and is very satisfactory to learn and understand a new word. 


8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I never thought there was going to be a different vocabulary. Thats the first thing I noticed that changed from what I originally thought. I think overall as a concept my thoughts still the same about behavior modification, but the vocabulary added change to the view. 


9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: Antecedents, aversive, emit, emitted, reinforcement, punishments, valence, behavior, consequences.

1.1- What I really enjoyed about this section was how the ABC format can be used interchangeably. I also liked that if you control the environment you can control behavior.
1.1- What I liked least about this section was the question on manipulation. I responded that manipulation was more often then not a tool used against weak minded people. At the section review it says only that manipulation is not always bad and I would like to know in what context manipulation could be used positively.
1.1- Three things that I will remember about this section are the antecedent, behavior, and consequences. I remember that if you can control the antecedent and make a consequence known, then you can more often than not control or elicit behavior
1.2- One thing I really liked about this section was the clarification of what is a reinforcement and a punishment and how meanings can change with positive and negative placed in front of the word
1.2- I disliked most filling in the boxes for everything covered in the chapter. Mainly because it is hard to think of many examples off the top of your head. It is true that although this is happening constantly, we are aware of only a few behavior mod. terms
1.2- Three things that I remember about this chapter are Reinforcers change to happen more frequent and punishers to happen less frequent. I will also remember that negative reinforcement starts with taking away something that is usually adverse. I will also remember that the verb, noun, and adjective of reinforcement and punishment all mean something a little different. I remember these things because I know they will be expanded on as the class continues.
1.2- Prior to this section I was frustrated that I was a psychology major and I still do not fully know about all the different perspectives. After reading this section I feel that I have learned the base of what the Behavioral perspective is and I look forward to learning more about it.
1.2- This is what I originally thought Behavior Mod. would be about but I would not be able to define all the terms that were given in just section two. I feel like if I study and know these terms I will be OK for the semester.
1.2 -Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Punisher, Reinforcer, Elicit

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed how section 1.1 breaks down behavior into three main components: an antecedent that initiates it, the behavior itself, and the consequence of that behavior. While reading through the chapter I was able to apply these terms for my own behavior which helped to reinforce the concept.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The simplicity of the section left me with a few questions that will probably be answered as we continue through the material.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Antecetant – the initiator or cause of behavior, Behavior – the thoughts or actions displayed, Consequence – the resulting effect of the behavior. These are the ABC’s of behavior modification the book is named after.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? One of the things I liked was getting into the strength of certain consequences, such as scowled looks for saying something rude being a salient consequence.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? Some of the paragraphs I read over twice, just because they were a little confusing at first. Punishment and reinforcement procedures seemed more difficult but made sense after a second read.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? Reinforcements are pleasurable and increase the likelihood of behavior occurring again. Punishers are aversive (pleasurable) and decrease the likelihood of behavior occurring again.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? Before this section I thought of Bmod simple as the practice of changing habits. I wasn’t aware it broke down everything in a scientific and structured way.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? Reading this section has opened up a new way of thinking about how I, and everyone else, interacts with the world. By applying these principles we can better understand the reasons people behave as they do, and how we can change their behavior.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, pleasurable, emit, salient, reinforce, punish

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
While reading this section I was becoming very aware of behaviors I emit and the antecedent that lead to many of those behaviors. For example, I am doing this assignment at home and unfortunately my cat is nosey and likes to play with by computer mouse. As soon as she walks into my bedroom I pick up my lap top so it is out of her reach because I know she is going to pounce on it as soon as she is given the opportunity. The antecedent is having a cat- The behavior is picking up my lap top- the consequence is not having to “edit undo” whatever she types when she pounces on my key board.


2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
This section was short and simple so there wasn’t too much to dislike about it. I would say the only think I disliked was how repetitive the section was. Because it is a pretty simple concept I think sections one and two could easily be combined.


3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
A)I will remember that Ante means before- because the antecedent comes before the behavior. This was written in the text multiple times.
B)I will remember that Emit means to ‘do’ a behavior and Elicit means to ‘make’ a behavior happen. This is important when thinking about why we behave the way we do and many questions in this section talked about why we ‘emit’ a behavior.
C)I will no longer think of manipulation as a bad thing. Many of the examples used in this section showed that manipulation is anytime you set up an antecedent to control or manipulate a behavior to follow. For example an antecedent could be waving a pedestrian to cross the street by 23rd street market. This is a manipulation, but it allows for a more direct communication between the driver and the pedestrian and is done so to help the pedestrian cross the street safely thus it is not a bad thing.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.


4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked the example given for negative reinforcement being water boarding. I think it cleared up what can sometimes be a difficult concept to grasp. Something that is aversive being taken away in response for correct/ desired answers.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I disliked beginning with Reinforcement=verb, Reinforcer= noun and reinforcing = adjective mostly because I have always struggled with the differences between nouns, adjectives and verbs therefore I didn’t really take much from this section. It mostly just confused me.


6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
A)I will remember that Self reinforcement is the self delivery of a consequence to follow a particular behavior. “Give yourself a pat on the back” is an easy and good example of what was otherwise a new term to me.
B)Antecedence, Behaviors, and Consequences are not linear. A consequence of something is likely to effect the way we react to an antecedent. The man walking into a women’s restroom was a good example of this. Sometimes we are unaware of an antecedent until we have a good or bad consequence because of it.
C)Valence refers to the psychological value placed on a certain person place or thing. I had never really thought about valence in terms of behavior modification but it seems that it is really important.


7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections I was lucky to have had a fair amount of understanding thanks to my intro to psychology classes as well as several public health classes. I already knew the ideas of positive and negative and reinforcement and punishment.


8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Before I had ever heard of behavior modification as an academic class I would have thought it was a bad thing. Again though, the concepts covered in these first sections were not new to me. They are important in the things I would like to do as an employee in a health promotion field someday and now as a fitness instructor and youth coach. I am mostly excited to get further into depth of the concepts started in these first two sections.


9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
-Emit, antecedent, consequence, behavior, positive, negative, valance, self reinforcement, reinforment, reinforcing, reinforcer, Elicit, punishment.

1) I enjoyed that the section had many different examples so I was able to try different scenarios in order to better understand the overall concept of behaviors predicting outcomes. I feel the behavior is a very interesting concept. At times, in fact most of the time, behavior can predict the outcomes of events/actions very well, but it is the times that a certain behavior does not lead to the intended outcome that interest me most.
2) The part I enjoyed least throughout the sections was the notion that if one is controls for certain antecedents and consequences that they would be able to control the behavior. I believe that people would sometimes perceive things differently and one could not control for their specific behavior
3) (a) Due to the information being repeated so often, I will remember that antecedent, behavior, and consequence stand for the ABCs of behaviors in the title of the text. (b) I was also able to expand my knowledge about how predictable things can be if one is able to understand and predict behaviors. Most often, the outcomes after certain behaviors could be guessed by common sense due to the natural way people are programed to respond/interpret those actions. (c) Lastly, I will remember that the environment has a large impact on people’s behaviors and could be the reason that some people act differently in certain places than they do in others.
4) I really enjoyed the overall topic of reinforcement and enjoyed being able to recognize times that I see this behavior in my daily life. I was most interest to learn about the two types of reinforcement, positive valance and negative valance, and which way is the most effective.
5) I do not really dislike or question anything within this section. It was all information that was easily connected and understandable. One thing that did catch me off guard was how it was listed if the word was a noun, verb, ect. That is a very picky thing to disagree with, but I felt that that information was just unneeded throughout the text.
6) (a) One thing I will remember was the fact that reinforcing causes and behavior to increase while punishing causes a behavior to decrease because sometimes I feel that people misuse punishment because they want to promote certain behaviors but do not understand when it doesn’t work. (b) Understanding the roles of reinforcer and punisher is another interesting topic in the section and is something that I use to overlook in the acts of punishment and reinforcement. The behaviors of those people are very important in the overall shaping of behaviors. (c) Self-reinforcement and self-punishment is another topic that I will remember from the section because I found it very interesting and can see these behaviors in my own life/behaviors.
7) Before reading these section I thought that behavior modification covered a smaller field of events within our life, because by glancing at the subject most people think behavior is a matter of acting good or bad. In fact, behavior is everything we do and how we go about our daily lives and react in situations.
8) Reading these sections has just helped in expanding what I classify as behaviors and helped me to understand the larger impact that behavior has on one’s personality and life as a whole.
9) Punishment, Reinforcement, Punisher, Reinforcer, Punishing, Reinforcing, Positive Valance, Negative Valance, Self-Reinforcement, Self-Punishment, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequences, ABCs of behavior

Reading Activity Week 2

Section 1.1
1) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I think the main thing I liked about this section was the simplicity of it. It was very easy to understand. The ABC’s format introduced in this section makes it easy to see how and why a certain behavior has occurred and if that behavior will or will not occur again (maybe). This section was clear cut and concise, which makes the concepts more memorable for me and easier to understand.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The only thing I found difficult in this section was when I filled out my own behaviors at the very end. I could come up with behaviors I had done throughout the day, and the consequences of those behaviors. But it proved difficult for me to come up with the antecedents for a couple of my behaviors. But maybe I am just making it more complicated than it is! Ex: one of my behaviors was “worked on some homework”. And I found it hard to come up with an antecedent, so I just put – “had an assignment due”. It is so simple and easy that it sometimes seems too difficult! (not always a bad thing though)

3) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. The first thing I will remember from this section is the concept of ABC’s. The ABC’s are easy to remember (antecedent, behavior, consequence). And they are an easy way to learn about behaviors and how we can modify a person’s behaviors.
b. The second thing I will remember from this section is to not use the terms “positive” and “negative”. We are to use the terms “pleasurable” and “aversive”. Even though they share about the same meaning, the terms pleasurable and aversive relate better to behaviors and the other aspects of this course. So I will take that with me throughout the semester.
c. The third thing I will remember from this section is the information on the feedback loop. The feedback loop is dependent on the form of the consequence. If the consequence is pleasurable, there will be a feedback loop that will make it more likely that behavior will happen again. And if the consequence was aversive, the feedback loop will make the behavior less likely to happen again.

Section 1.2
4) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked all of the examples that were given throughout this section. I have heard about punishers and reinforcers before and how they can be positive or negative. And I have always thought at first glance a “negative reinforcement” or a “positive punishment” just doesn’t make sense! It takes me awhile to wrap my mind around these concepts and the numerous examples really helped me to understand the concepts and the differences and similarities between them.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The thing that I disliked most about this section was the part on negative reinforcement. I had to re-read that part several times and come up with several of my own examples (many that were wrong at first). It is just a hard concept to understand, even when I have learned about it various times before. I have to really sit back and let the concepts sink in before they make sense.

6) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a. The first thing I will remember from this section is the concept of valence. I have heard of this term before, but in all honesty, I’m not certain I’ve ever known what it meant or been able to apply it to my studies or my life. Valence is the level of importance something has to us. The valence of an object can be rated as high or low – and that’s just what makes the level of the importance vary. Valence is critical in behavior modification because it puts an emphasis on the importance of certain things. If I think that studying a lot before tests is important, then studying will have a high valence for me. And if studying has high valence, I will be likely to study more.
b. The second thing I will take from this section is the importance of the difference between a punisher and a punishment (likewise the difference between a reinforcer and a reinforcement). A punishment and a reinforcement are both verbs and they are both procedures. A procedure is something that you do, which makes these terms both verbs. But the punisher and the reinforcer are nouns. These are things, people, places, etc. – which is what makes them the nouns. I have never been shown the differences in the two types until reading this section and I believe that this difference will be important to take with me through the semester.
c. The third thing I will take from this section are all of the different examples. I know I have already said this before, but the examples will help me tremendously when trying to remember certain terminology.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections I thought that behavior modification was a much more complex process (which it still might end up to be). But these readings have shown me that it can be broken down into simpler parts. The ABC’s model is really helpful in analyzing and understanding a person’s behavior. I think that these first two sections have given me great insight on what is to come for the rest of the course.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
What I originally thought about behavior modification was that it was a complex, scientific process. I thought that modifying one’s behavior would be lengthy, and maybe even difficult to do. But after reading these first two sections, I can understand why a person behaves in a certain way. And I can also see how to change that person’s behavior with different reinforcers and punishers.

TERMS: ABC’s, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Pleasurable, Aversive, Feedback loop, Punishment, Reinforcement, Punisher, Reinforcer, Positive, Negative, Procedure

1)What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

I really liked the ABCs of behavior modification. Prior to reading this I did not know that the antecedent, or setting, is what lead to our behavior. I like the example that was given in the section about the party. The party (antecedent) leads to telling a joke (behavior) which is followed by the consequence, or outcome, which is laughter. Understanding that that these things are interconnected and relate helps give a better understanding of behavior.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

There is nothing that I did not like about this section. I found all of the information interesting. The examples that were given were easy to understand and definitions were given for the terms that I did not recognize.

3) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

First, the antecedent is the setting for which the behavior will occur which leads to the consequence. Aversive, because it is a new word and I think it sounds like a more proper term to use in writing my papers. Finally, the fact that some of our behaviors are force of habit that we often do not recognize it as a behavior, but as routine.

4) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

The explained differences between reinforcement and punishment. Understanding the way these to actions are used in the field of psychology to modify behavior.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

There were not as many examples in this section as the previous one. Having more examples would have given me a better understanding as to how to use reinforcement and punishment properly.

6) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

Positive and negative valence are two terms that I will remember well, because I will be using them throughout this course. I will also be using these terms in my future career. Reinforcement as a means to increase behavior, because I will be working on behavior modification over the course of my lifetime.


7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

Behavior modification is a method of psychology that helps to reduce or increase behavior. I learned about behavior modification while taking introduction to psychology.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

There is more to behavior modification than I had previously thought. Understanding and recognizing components of behavior is a process. An individual must understand the antecedents that are causing the behavior in order to reduce or change the consequence.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, reinforcement, punishment, positive valence, negative valence

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

- I really enjoyed section 1.1 because it showed how someone Behavior, Antecedent, and the Consequences that may occur. The example stated in the reading was telling a joke, and the appropriate time to tell a joke.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

-The only thing i didn't enjoy about this section was that it was said the same thing over and over again. I think section 1 and 2 could be put into one section.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

A- Antecedent
B- Behavior
C- Consequence
These three items i will remember because it will show what the behavior is and it can show the consequences can happen when it is not appropriate time for a curtain behavior is not except-able.

after reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

- I liked how they described the differences between reinforcements and punishments and how they can work with different people.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

-I didnt enjoy how they talked more about punishment and not as much as reinforcement, however they explained the punishment really well.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

-I will remember how punishment can be used to help prevent bad behavior.
-I will remember how reinforcing good behavior can help positive behavior and prevent negative behaviors.
-I will remember the difference between the positive valence and the negative valence.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

-I thought behavior modification was how people react in different cultures and how their behaviors change when they are around different people or different cultures.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

- It reinforced my personal views and it help me understand why some people may act in curtain ways in curtain situations.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
-Behavior, Consequences, reinforcement, punishment, positive and negative valence

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really like the simplicity of the ABC system. It very simple to understand and the examples really helped get the point across. The "fill in the blank" in the textbook also helped me get across what the system was because it helped me practice by creating ABCs on my own. I really liked the simplicity of it because I am a logical thinking person, if I can have a formula or a picture to help show exactly what something is or what it's supposed to mean, I enjoy it.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
While I like the simplicity, I feel like a lot of this is open to some interpretation. I do not like when something is so wide open because it tends to cause the most disagreement and can make some things difficult to understand.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
- For every behavior we admit, there is a antecedent and a consequence
- Given the antecedent and consequence, the behavior is easy to figure out
- We are mostly unaware of most of the behaviors we do

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked reading about reinforcement and specifically negative reinforcement. People usually think of reinforcement as something positive that will help or increase something. The aspect of stopping something aversive or negative reinforcement was interesting to me and I enjoyed it because of the fact that most people don't usually see it as something negative.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The concept of valence just seemed difficult for me to understand at first. I'm not sure why because I understand it now. It might just because of distractions or otherwise while reading that section. I guess cause it took me a couple of times going over it was why I disliked the most.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
- When you use a reinforcer, the chances the chances of repeating under the same circumstances is higher
- When you use a punisher, the chances of repeating under the same circumstances is lower
- The idea of a negative reinforcer stopping something that is aversive

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I did think it was just pretty much altering behaviors and getting certain actions or reactions out of people (the ringing a bell and feeding your dog causing him to salivate when a bell rings type of thing). I knew that there was obviously more to it but didn't know anything else.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It honestly has not changed a ton. Don't get me wrong, I learned a lot of new concepts. However, I know that these sections, especially the first one, were just the beginning of a whole class that will really extend my knowledge.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
ABC, antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, negative reinforcement, aversive, valence, reinforcer, punisher,

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked that the name of the book is also the main things that we will be learning throughout the entire semester. It was also a very easy section to read over and that there were new vocabulary.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There really wasn't anything about this section that I didn't like.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things that I will remember is that ABC stands for Antecedent, Behavior, Consequences.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked how the section gave many examples over how ABC has both nouns and verbs depending how you look at it.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The amount of charts that were given to fill out; became a bit repetitive.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Positive valence are qualities which are pleasant. Negative valence are qualities which are unpleasant. Reinforcement is pleasurable while punishment is aversive.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought behavior modification was about how to change behavior and would focus on classical conditioning.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I think that behavior modification is going to focus on how to change a behavior of someone you know or to do on yourself in the best way and quickest way possible. It will also focus on how to look in a different perspective on how to change behavior.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
reinforcement, punishment, behavior, aversive, positive valence, negative valence

1. What was one thing you really liked?
I really liked that the book explained how easily behavior can be manipulated. I realized that most of the behaviors that I do, day to day, are done without thinking. I enjoyed the example of how depending on the antecedent, the consequence changes regardless of the same behavior being presented.

2. What was one thing that you disliked about the section?
There wasn’t anything in the section that I disliked.

3.Three things to remember from the section:
1.That behavior is easily manipulated.
2. The ABC way to think about and remember how behavior works. The antecedent, then the behavior, and then the consequence.
3. That there are many different combinations of the ABC that are expressed in everyday life.

4. What was one thing you liked about this section?
I thought that it explained the concepts of reinforcement and punishment well. It was easy to figure out which is which and distinguish between what makes a reinforcement and a punishment.

5. What was one thing you disliked about this section?
I disliked that there were so many examples that we needed to come up with. I thought that one of each would have be sufficient. The more examples that we needed the longer it took. I think that it would have been more beneficial to spend the majority of time on reading the concepts.

6. The three things that I will take away:
1. There are two types of reinforcers and punishers. They are positive and negative and they explain the way that you are using the reinforcers and punishers.
2. When the consequence is a reinforcer than the behavior will most likely will increase.
3. Punishment can involve removing something that we find desirable.

7 and 8. Prior to reading these sections I did not know that I knew about behavior modification. I did not realize that I had already learned these concepts in other class and that they were associated with behavior modification. I have learned a lot from these sections in how behavior modification works. I learned that ABCs and what they mean.

9. behavior, Punishment, reinforcer, punishers, antecedent, consequence,

SMP

Section 1.1:

1.) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
What I liked most about Section 1.1 is that it broke down the ABC's of Behavior Modification into depth. A= Antecedent B= Behavior C= Consequence. I thought that it gave very clear details of what the ABC's are and what they mean.
2.) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I liked least about this section is the definition of antecedent. I wish it would have been more clear and elaborated on it rather than just saying that it sets the occasion for a behavior.
3.)What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things that I will remember from this section would be that when consequences are aversive, we become more aware of the consequence. Another thing that I will remember is the setting of antecedent. For example, there is a big difference between telling a joke at a funeral vs. telling a joke at a party. A consequence of telling a joke at a party is that it would be more pleasurable because more than likely people will laugh in a good way, which makes it more likely for that person to tell a joke at another party. A third thing that I will remember from this section is that when we talk about consequences- we want to avoid using the terms negative or positive because they mean something entirely different in behavior modification and we should rather use the terms pleasurable and aversive instead.

Section 2.2:

4.)One thing that I really liked in this section was how negative reinforcement can be beneficial to us, for example the splinter.
5.)What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The one thing that I liked least was valence. I think that in this section valence was made more confusing than what it should be; by using a variety of words to describe the same concept essentially.
6.)What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things that I will remember in this section is that reinforcement increases the behavior and punishment reduces the behavior. I will also remember that reinforcers can occur naturally, such as smiling at someone and they respond by smiling back. The third think that I will remember is reinforcement and punishment involves consequence.
7.)Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought that behavior modification was used to help people change their behavior for their benefit of their lives. For example, celebrities with mental illnesses, as they are more exposed to social media made me believe this.
8.)How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
This section made me realize that behavior modification is used in everyday life in various situations, such as smiling at someone, or pulling a splinter out of our finger.
9.)Terms- ABC's of behavior modification, antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, negative, positive, pleasurable, negative reinforcement, valence, reinforcement, punishment.

1.1
I thought that people acted certain ways in different situations. But usually I would think that everyone is a little different on how they could act. Some people grow up in different homes where the polite thing to do in a certain situation would be so and so, while others were brought up that you were supposes to be vocal about your opinion and not let others walk over you. I will remember that knowing the ABC’s you have a more likely chance to manipulate someone’s behavior, because knowing what the situation and consequent may be it will control how a person behaves. Second I will remember that depending on the antecedent a certain behavior can result in two different ways, because of the joke scenario if you tell the joke at a funeral you will have a different consequent than if you tell the joke at a party. Third I will remember what the ABC’s are, because we went over what A B and C were separately. I really liked in this chapter how when a vocab word was first used the more “simple term” was in parenthesis afterwards. That way there wasn’t any guessing at what the word really means. Reading chapter 1.1 didn’t change my thoughts about behavior modification drastically. I didn’t know anything about the ABC’s of behavior but when explained they made a lot of sense. Also everything in the reading just helped to explain and take what I was already guessing further or prove it to be the truth.
1.2
I will remember that a punishment or reinforcement is natural while the punishment procedure or reinforcement procedure is something that you intentionally do on purpose, because of the examples with a natural reaction like smiling or an intentional action like banging on the walls. Second I will remember that positive valence is a quality that you like about something whereas the negative valence is when there is a quality that you dislike about something. Finally I will remember a negative punishment is taking something away, because negative is minus something. But there is also negative reinforcement which is a good thing because you could take away something negative and be left with something desirable. I kind of started to second guess myself with all of the same like words between reinforcer and reinforcement it just started to get confusing. Still after reading 1.2 what I thought about behavior modification hasn’t really changed. What I have read only verifies what I have already learned from past classes.
terms: punishment, reinforcement, natrual reaction, negative, reinforcer, reinforcement, ABC's, manipulate, consequent, behavior, antecedent.

1.)One thing that I really liked in section 1.1 is that there was an overview of what is the main focus of behavior modification. The ABS’C – antecedent, behavior and consequences were really broken down and explain throughout this section. I like the fact that it broke them down and talk about how different antecedents affect the consequence when using the same behavior, meaning I liked the fact that you used many different examples of each definition to make sure we understood them. I also liked that you made me think about how I feel to manipulate someone else? The question really made me think. I thought about how you can have good and bad intentions on manipulating someone else; thus made me think about my perspectives on behavior modification.
2.)I dislike that the fact that every example was very simple and never complex. I am of knowledge that there is more complex behaviors out there and I think we should have had at least one or two example of more complex behaviors. Also, I feel as if that you made it seemed that we can control all the ABC’S. I believe that we cannot control our behavior in some situations therefore we cannot control our consequences. I think I just need a better overview on what we can and cannot control.
3.)One: I think I will remember that I learned that consequences of behaviors are not always bad, they can be good or bad. Two: I will remember the emphasis on the ABC’S – antecedent, behavior and consequence and what they mean because this was the main focus on the section. Three: I will remember that the behavior may have multiple functions depending on the antecedent and consequence.
4.)In section 1.2 I like the fact that there are more activities that involves us students. Thus meaning it makes us as the student think about the topic and how it can relate to different situations. I always have believe the more you focus on it, which activities make you stop to make sure you understand, the better the concept the more you comprehend it.
5.)In section 1.2 I got really confused on the definitions of punishment, punisher, reinforcement, reinforcer. The examples confused me and I thought they could be more separate to understand the concept before moving onto the next. These definitions alone were hard to keep apart to the understanding of one another.
6.)The three main things I will remember from this course is that reinforcement influences behavior, punishment decreases behavior and that reinforces can occur naturally. Like when someone smiles at you, you naturally smile back. Most of the reasons why I will remember these topics the most is because I have learned them in other classes before.
7.)Before selecting this class into my schedule I never really thought about what behavior modification was, I just knew that you would get taught what aspects and perspectives modify your behavior. I thought it would be just a regular class, following the book, taking notes, etc., not think about things like how we reinforce our behaviors every day, and how our behaviors influence our consequences, good or bad.
8.)After reading these sections it has truly extended my thoughts and ideas of behavior modification. I never actually thought that everything you do throughout the day is because of how your behavior was modified. Meaning the image is more of a complex process that what I ever had in mind. I never really thought that every behavior we do or have has consequences.
9.)The ABC’S – antecedent, behavior, consequences. Pleasurable, aversive, Behavior modification, punishment, punisher, reinforcement, reinforcer

EJW
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I like the A, B, C’s because it makes it simple to understand and it makes me eager to apply these concepts.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I honestly can’t say I disliked anything; I am very interested in all of it.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) Once you know the antecedent and the consequence, the types of behaviors become much more predictable.
b) manipulation is not necessarily a bad thing. c) The environment has a strong impact on behavior.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I enjoyed learning about reinforcement because I want to be able to use it in my day to day life.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I might forget all of the different terms when instead of using valence we will be using pleasurable and desirable.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
a) When the consequence of a behavior is reinforcing, the future probability of the behavior occurring under the same circumstances will increase b) Reinforcement can involve something aversive c) Valence refers to the psychological value placed on a person, place or thing.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I thought it would be much more complicated, but this is explained very well.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I hadn’t really given it much thought, so once I read more about it I realized that this could help me in many ways, to change behavior in myself and others that I don’t like.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence
Valence
Pleasurable
Desirable

1 a&b) One thing that I really liked about this section was how clear the information was. It was laid out in a simple and visual way, which made it a lot easier for me to understand. I also liked learning some new was to describe things that are positive/negative by using the words pleasurable/aversive.

2) My least favorite part of this section was that we were asked to give examples. I know this is an essential part of learning the material, but I often got frustrated with myself when I couldn't think of an example that I thought was "good enough" to write down, or I kept trying to write down a slightly modified of examples that had already been given. This is a personal problem, and there was really nothing about the text that I found to be aversive.

3 a,b&c) The first thing that I remember from this section is that the ABC's are not linear because it helped me understand the complexity of the relationship between antecedents and consequences. The second thing that I remember is that the word "emitting" is useful for describing how someone carries out an action, it sounds way more sophisticated than "He did this" or "she acted like this" and is a word i will try to implement into my vocabulary. The third thing from this section that I remember is that similar behaviors have different functions. The example of how raising one's hand having different meanings really stood out to me because I had never thought about it like that before.

4 a&b) One thing that I liked about this chapter was that even though I felt like I was reading a thick packet of paper, it didn't actually suck to read. Normally when I'm reading this many pages it's a journal article or a meta analysis, and I felt like this was much more enjoyable to take notes on. I also liked the introduction of new vocabulary.

5) Again, my least favorite part of the section was giving examples. It's something I'm going to have to get used to and improve on to help learn the material better, so after this post I'm going to stop complaining about it.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? The first thing that remember from this section was what a "naturally occurring punisher" is, because I had originally always thought of punishment as something that had to be deliberately done as a consequence. I never thought of punishment as "feeling cold" or "she smiles". The second thing I remember from this section is what the word Valence means. I've always understood the concept of it, but I never had the right word for it. Once again, I appreciate learning the new vocabulary. The third thing I remember from this section is "Self-reinforcement" because prior to these readings I had always pictured reinforcement as something that had to be done onto another person. It makes complete sense, though.

7) Prior to these readings, I thought about behavior modification in terms of positive/negative punishment or reinforcement. I learned about these things from previous psychology classes, but I had never discussed the ABC's of it before. I also never thought about Behavior Modification as "manipulation", because the word has such a negative connotation.

8) The biggest changes that these reading implemented in my understanding of behavior modification is that I now know the terms and vocabulary that can be used to properly describe mod. I think that having the right words will help me be able to learn and explain the process better.

9) Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, pleasurable, aversive, ABC's, antecedent, behavior, consequence, emitting, naturally occurring punishment, valence, self-reinforcement.

Section 1.1:

1) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

While reading this section, I really liked learning about what the ABC’s of behavior modification are (antecedent, behavior, and consequence). They got me thinking about the different things that are involved in my behaviors, since we are generally unaware of the ABC’s. This concept was the most interesting and got me excited to learn more about behavior modification.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

This section was pretty short, so there wasn’t much there for me to dislike. I felt as though parts of the section were a bit redundant. Some of the information was repeated. Other than that, I enjoyed the reading.

3) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

One thing I will remember is that the ABC’s of behavior modification are antecedent, behavior, and consequence. This was written in the text several times, and it is also in the title of the textbook. I will also remember that the environment has a strong impact on our behavior, because I have learned that in other classes prior to this and it was also in the reading a few times. One final thing from the reading that I will remember when we control the antecedents and consequences we can control the behaviors. I will remember this because it’s interesting to me that we can manipulate behaviors, plus I have been introduced to this concept in a few other psychology classes.

Section 1.2:

4) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?

While reading this section, there were a lot of concepts (positive/negative reinforcement, positive/negative valence, positive/negative punishment, etc.) that could get a little confusing. However, there were a lot of examples of each one and there were also breaks in the reading so we could practice using these concepts. That is what I liked best about this section of reading because it helped me understand things better.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?

While there were a lot of examples provided, the thing that I disliked the least was that there weren’t that many examples for the concept of negative reinforcement. It is a hard concept to grasp, so I was confused for a while about what it was about. I was having a hard time coming up with examples, so I had to reread that part multiple times and look up examples to help me better understand what negative reinforcement is.


6) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?

One thing that I will remember from this section is that self-reinforcement occurs when the reinforcer is self-delivered. I will remember this concept because it is sort of self-explanatory and I have heard of it before in my motivation and emotion class. Another thing that I will remember is that if the consequence of a behavior is reinforcing, the future probability of the behavior occurring under the same circumstances will increase. This concept was explained well enough that I will easily remember it. A third thing that I will remember from the reading is that valence refers to the psychological value placed on a person, place, or thing. I have learned about this concept in other classes, so I will remember it from the reading.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?

Prior to reading these sections, I thought that behavior modification was a lot more complicated than it actually is. I have learned about behaviors and why we do them in my motivation and emotion class, so I had an idea about why we do the things we do before this class, but I didn’t really know what modifying behaviors would entail. I thought it would be something that would be hard to understand.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

After reading these sections, it appeared as though behavior modification is actually a lot simpler than I thought. Learning about the ABC’s helped simplify the subject quite a bit because I had never thought about manipulating behaviors by manipulating the antecedents (environments) and the consequences (outcomes).

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.

Behavior modification, ABC’s, antecedent, behavior, consequence, positive, negative, punishment, valence, reinforcement, reinforcer, self-reinforcement

JAK
1. I like how it was a simple overview of behavior modification. The explanations and examples really helped my understanding.
2. I did not like the statement "controlling the environment controls the behavior." I'm not convinced that is always the case.
3. I will remember the ABCs. I like to think of the antecedent as the setting and it occurs the behavior. The consequence is based on the behavior. I will remember the antecedent is very important. I will remember to use pleasurable and aversive instead of positive and negative.
4. I liked that they're were many examples. It increased my understanding a lot.
5. I can not think of anything I did not like.
6. I will remember that cold weather is a punisher that deceases the likelihood of going outside. Reinforcement can involved something aversive. Lastly, punishment can involve something desirable.
7. Prior to these readings, I always thought of reinforcement and punishment as intentionally shaping behavior, because that is the only way I had learned about it. The second reading taught me there's naturally occurring reinforcement and punishment that I had not thought of before.
8. Same as # 7
9. Behavior Modification, behavior, ABC's, antecedent, consequence, pleasurable,aversive, punisher, reinforcement, punishment, desirable.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked the boxes that you fill in, it really helps me to understand the information and I'm probably more likely to remember it. My favorite part of the section was thinking about my own behaviors because I was presented the information then asked to relate it to my life and I think that is really beneficial for me to remember the section and what it's about.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I disliked that I was unable to type my answers on the document before printing, other than that I did not dislike anything about the content in the section, it was pretty straight forward.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the ABCs of behavior modification being Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence because I was able to relate it to my life and write down the examples so I can reference back to it.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked the opportunity to write several examples, I also liked the reinforcement and punishment section because I could relate it to behaviors I see everyday.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I least liked the part about valence because it was a little confusing to me because it was a new term to define an everyday behavior that I encounter.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the reinforcements vs punishments and the valences because I got to write examples of all of them. The reinforcements can be both positive and negative along with punishment and valences is a new term but I understand the difference between positive and negative. (things we like vs things we don't)

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I just thought of behavior modification as reinforcements and punishments because that has all I have learned about in previous psych classes and that was all that was touched on when talking about previous behavior modification experiments.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Now I have learned more in detail about the ABCs along with Reinforcement and Punishments and I have now learned new material about Valence. It hasn't changed my understanding per-say but clarified it because I was allowed to give my own examples.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Valence.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked about this section was the fact that it gave a broad explanation about what behavior modification is in general.The fact that there were so many examples in the text also really helped me to understand the information.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The only thing that I didn't really like about this section was the fact that there were so many places that you have to fill out your own examples. I like that there were opportunities to fill in my own answers, I just think there were too many compared to the amount of content in the section.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing that I will remember from reading this section are that the ABCs are the building blocks of behavior. I will remember this because the ABCs are such an integral part of behavior. Another thing that I will remember is that A= antecedent, B= behavior, and C= consequence. This will be easily remembered because the letters correlate with the terms in which they represent. Finally, I will remember that similar behaviors can have different functions dependent upon where they are exhibited. I will remember this because I was able to come up with some examples in which I could relate this idea to.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
One thing that I really liked that was in this section was the fact that there were so many examples. They helped me to relate the concepts to the real world.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The thing that I disliked about this section was the fact that some of the content was redundant.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing that I will remember from this section is that our behaviors are governed by reinforcement and punishment. Another thing I will remember is that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior. Lastly, I will remember that punishments are used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. I will remember these ideas because I have previously learned about them in other psychology classes I've taken so it's just a refresher of information I've previously learned about.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
Prior to reading these sections, the only thing I really knew about behavior modification are the concepts of reinforcements and punishments because it's all I previously learned about behavior modification in other psychology classes.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I originally thought of behavior modification as more of an intentional tactic in which people attempted to change someone else's behavior. After reading the sections I have come to realize that I use behavior modification in my everyday life without realizing it. Like smiling at someone else, for example.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
The ABCS, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Behavior Modification

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how the ABC’s made behavior so much easier to understand. The way that this section broke down each piece, that you may not necessarily recognize each part of the ABCs but they are always there and contribute the behavior we see from others and ourselves.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
This was a pretty short section, so there was nothing that really stuck out to me that I didn’t like. I thought the examples were good, but maybe a few more without the fill in your own answers would have been good, and maybe starting with some of the vocabulary instead of as the section went along would have been better, but everything was easy to understand and straight forward in this section.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the ABCs A= Antecedent, B= Behavior, C= Consequence. I will remember that every action is made up of these factors and changing one of these is behavior modification. Of course this is the most simple form of modification and changing behavior can become much more complicated than this, but the ABCs are the main stepping stones for explaining behavior. From this section I will remember to pay more attention to my surroundings and how my environment is making me act in a certain way that is acceptable. I will remember the examples used and how changing just one of the ABCs changes the whole thing from being at a party telling a joke and having people laugh to being at a funeral, telling a joke, and receiving dirty looks from everyone. There is a certain way to act in different settings and this has been learned because of the consequences or the reactions of others.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I liked learning about natural reinforcement, that smiling or waving at someone will cause them to smile or wave back without thinking about it. I thought this was very interesting that we do these behaviors daily without realizing that it’s happening.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I dislike the terms reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing and punishment, punisher, punishing. I find it hard to keep these terms apart because it’s the same root words but they mean different things. I also didn’t like how many fill in the blank answer areas there were. I felt like there could be more explanation in areas instead of just jumping in to answer questions without a clear understanding.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the difference between reinforcement and punishment because these were continuously compared and contrasted throughout the section. I will remember natural reinforcement and natural punishment because I found it interesting that these actions are done without our conscious knowledge and they happen on a day to day basis. I will remember self reinforcement because without this there would be no personal success. Whether it be at work or in school or even just setting goals self reinforcement is what helps to make a person successful.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I was not sure how to go about changing a behavior or how simple of a concept it really is. The break down of ABC made behavior and how behavior can be changed so much more simple to understand.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I don’t think that these readings have changed my thoughts on behavior modification but they have helped me to better understand the simple break down behind it.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, natural reinforcement, reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing, punishment, punisher, punishing, natural punishment, self-reinforcement

1. What I felt was most interesting about the first section was the fact that by knowing the any paired combination of the antecedent, behavior, and consequence, you can have a fairly accurate prediction of the third term.

2. One thing I didn't like was how they explained that when two of the three ABC's are unknown, there are a wide variety of things that can be put in them. For example, if you know the consequence is making your friend cry, it can be very hard to predict both the behavior and the antecedent. The reason I dislike this is due mostly in part that it can be hard to modify behavior when you can't predict certain things.

3. The first thing I will remember is the fact that the ABC's are the main precursors to behavior. This means that in order to understand behavior, you must first understand the ABC's. The second thing is the antecedent and how it sets up for the behavior to occur. The third thing I will remember is how the consequence is due in part to both the antecedent and the behavior at the same.

4. One thing that I like about section 1.2 was the fact that reinforcers and punishers are used in order to either increase or decrease the likelihood of a behavior. This helps explain how children pick up on certain tendencies that cause problems later on when they're teenagers or adults.

5. One thing I didn't like about this section was when we talked about valence. I just didn't like the fact that we used that in regards to things that we like or dislike.

6. The first thing that I will remember from this section was when consequences of a behavior are either reinforced or punished, it will decide whether the likelihood of that behavior is increased or decreased. The second thing I will remember is how reinforcement can be aversive, while the third thing I will remember is that punishment can be pleasant.

7. Prior to reading these sections, my idea of behavior modification was very vague. I didn't really have too much of an understanding as to behaviors and how the consequences can be either reinforced or punished. Other than that there wasn't much that I knew about the topic.

8. I believe that in order to make a person really change their behavior, they would have to have some pretty strong reinforcers or punishers pushing them towards that way. I originally thought that you could modify a person's behavior by being subtle and not being aggressive with reinforcers or punishers.

9. Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Reinforcement, Punishment, Behavior Modification, Valence.

→ I enjoyed learning that behavior can be broken down to this simple format. I like it because it makes the human behaviors seem less complicated.
→ On the flip side of that I also didn’t like that it made it seem that our behaviors as humans aren’t more complicated. Every person strives to be different from another, and to just say hey no one is that complicated kind of crushes that for people. It takes away that sense of uniqueness. I also think that motivations for a certain behavior are more complicated; as well as, the certain situations. Very rarely do you end up in the exact same situation, there are always subtle differences.
-->There were multiple things that I found interesting and memorable. First off I will remember the ABC’s of antecedents, behavior, and consequences. I will mainly remember this because of how often it is repeated in the chapter, and it seems to be a main theme for the class. I will also remember that we want to make sure and say pleasurable and aversive, in place of positive or negative, when talking about consequences. A third thing I will remember from this section is how just knowing the situation, antecedents, can mean a large pool of possibilities of behaviors and consequences. Knowing just one other thing can make a difference in how a behavior is determined.
Section 1.2
→ One thing I like learning in this section was the difference between a punisher and a reinforcer. Too often I catch myself reinforcing a behavior in someone else, instead of punishing it.
→ One thing that I am disliking so far is all the different terms for positive and negative, I am confused as to when it is appropriate to use them and when it is more desired for us to use pleasurable and aversive.
→ I will remember the difference between a reinforcer and a punisher. I will also remember how to react if presented with an undesired behavior, by either reinforcing with a pleasurable valance, or punishing with an aversive valance. Lastly I know I will remember how taking away something can also be a negative punisher, and can be used to alter a behavior.
→ Before these sections I didn’t really understand all that much about why we change our behaviors, and why we do them. I understood that when we did something good as a kid, we were given a treat, and when we did something bad, we were often sent to time-out. This I thought however mostly stopped at a certain age.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
→ Reading these sections has made me realise how easy it would be to alter a behavior in either myself or another. I can now see that it mostly involves a reward and a punishment system. Giving rewards to reinforce a desired behavior, and punish for aversive behaviors.
→ Reinforcer/Reinforcing, Punisher/punishing, Pleasurable/aversive valence, negative punisher, antecedents, behavior, consequences, pleasurable/aversive consequences

1. In Section 1.1, I was amazed that there is such a simple formula to understanding behavior. It lays the groundwork for learning more and is easily adaptable to almost any and every situation. It truly is as easy as ABC!
2. The idea of “manipulating” someone else and their behavior made me uncomfortable at first and brought up a lot of negative connotations, but after a more thorough explanation I understand how this is essential and something we practice every day.
3. I will definitely remember what A, B, and C stand for because I have a pneumonic to help me recall, plus they go hand-in-hand. The antecedent (A) sets the stage for the behavior to occur, the behavior (B) is emitted, and the consequence (C) is the outcome which will determine the frequency of that behavior in the future. So that is the three things I will take away.
4. In Section 1.2, I like the real-life scenarios because I can relate. We are always having problems getting one of our roommates to do her dishes, and the guys below us often play their music too loud after class and on the weekends. It is helpful to know how to increase or curb these behaviors by using reinforcement or punishment.
5. All the different terms (reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing – along with punishment, punisher, and punishing) confused me because there are so many words and only certain times to correctly use each one.
6. I will remember that reinforcers increase a behavior because they encourage it, or “reiterate” it. I will also remember that punishers decrease a behavior because it is easy to associate with childhood experiences of being punished. Lastly, I will remember that the ABCs of behavior are not linear. One does not lead to the other, the antecedent and consequence can be correlated as well, just like the “you don’t tell a joke at a funeral” example. The antecedent and consequence do have a relationship.
7. Before reading these sections, I thought behavior modification had a lot to do with Skinner and Watson, conditioned and unconditioned stimulus/response, and positive and negative reinforcement/punishment. That had been my understanding through other classes and hearing about notorious experiments.
8. After reading these sections, I picked up some new vocabulary and realized behavior modification can be so simple yet so complex. One thing that will stick with me is how we can control our behavior by controlling or manipulating our environment. That is so powerful to me because I can think of things I need to change. By doing so, we might be able to influence others.
9. Terms Used: Reinforcement, Reinforcer, Reinforcing, Punishment, Punisher, Punishing, Behavior Modification, Increases, Decreases, Emitted, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequences, Control, Manipulation.

What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how it broke down each step of the ABC’s of behavior, and that it was easily understood. I also like how it pointed out that the ABC’s go unnoticed in our everyday life. At the end of the section it said how students often become uncomfortable when asked about manipulation, I liked how that was said because my response to the question about manipulation was very similar to that statement.

What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
The only thing I disliked about this section was that antecedent was never really defined, and I had never heard that word before. I felt like I needed to understand that word before I could fully understand what was being taught.

What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things I will for sure remember from this section is the relationship the antecedent has with the consequence, the effect that consequences can have on behavior in the future, and the way that people manipulate behavior in their everyday lives. What I mean by the relationship antecedent has with consequences, is that the consequence doesn’t only depend on the behavior, but it varies with the antecedent as well. The effect that consequences can have on antecedents is basically a lesson learned. Using the example from the book, telling a joke at a funeral led to sour looks given by people around, which taught the person that when they’re at a funeral in the future, they shouldn’t tell jokes. I will especially remember the way that people manipulate behaviors on a daily basis because before, I had never thought of it in the way that the book explained it and it stuck out to me quite a bit.

What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked the concept of self-reinforcement. I had never really thought about the impact you can have on yourself when you reinforce your behaviors, rather than relying on others to do it for you. In essence, self-reinforcement could be more beneficial for you than reinforcement coming from your peers, because your opinion of yourself should matter more than theirs.

What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
There wasn’t really anything that I disliked from this section, however I didn’t like that it asked for us to come up with so many examples. I understand that we need practice in order to fully understand things, but it asked for just a few too many. I felt as if I was writing the same thing down over and over, just with different wording.

What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
I will remember the concept of valence, as I had never heard of that before. I really liked the way it was explained. I will also remember that we are not supposed to use positive and negative when describing things, because in this type of study, those words are very specific to their meanings. Therefore, we should pleasurable and aversive instead. I also will remember that you can use desirable things for punishment, and aversive things for reinforcement because I liked the way that was explained in the book.

Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I didn’t really think much of behavior modification, honestly. I don’t think that the idea or concept of behavior modification has ever even crossed my mind before starting this course.

How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Because I had never really thought about behavior modification before, reading these sections is helping build my understanding of the subject since my knowledge is so minimal. They clearly explained the starting concepts of behavior modification, which is also helping me steer clear of misunderstanding how behavior modification works.

Manipulation, antecedent, consequence, behavior, self-reinforcement, reinforce, valence, positive, negative, pleasurable, aversive, punishment, behavior modification.

ELC

1) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
My favorite part of this section was whether manipulation is always a bad thing. I feel like it is possible for someone to be manipulated into doing something and not have it be bad. It could potentially be a positive thing for the person being manipulated, for example the person could be manipulated into quitting smoking or drinking. They are still being manipulated but the consequence is a positive one.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
I wouldn't say that I necessarily disliked anything from this chapter, but my least favorite part was when we were talking about pleasurable and aversive consequences. I still enjoyed reading about it, it just grew to be a bit long.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Three things I remember about this section are:
A. the fact that different behaviors will have different consequences based on the antecedent. I remembered this because of the "telling a joke at a funeral" vs "telling a joke at a party" comparison.
B. I will also remember that similar behaviors have different functions. Different antecedents and consequences rely on each other more than you would expect.
C. Finally, different behaviors change the consequences even if the antecedent is the same. For example, if the antecedent is in the orchard, the behavior could be fall down or pick an apple. Each one of those will change the consequence.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
In this section I really liked the section on reinforcement, I didn't realize that there were so many different types of reinforcement on positive and negative behaviors.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
One thing I disliked about this chapter was just the fact that it felt like a lot of information all at once. I had to read through the section on self-reinforcement. It seemed easy enough to understand but for some reason I struggled to retain the information.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
A. Positive valence and negative valence, because It was easy for me to think of different examples.
B.The difference between punishment and reinforcement. It was interesting to me that something could be positive but still reinforce a negative behavior.
C. Punishers, because I was able to think of different examples easily.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I knew that there are different ideas that go into each aspect of behavior modification. I just didn't know what the names of those ideas were.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It hasn't really changed what I thought about behavior modification. It just put a few names to specific ideas that I didn't know have before.


9) Behavior modification, reinforcement, punishment, positive valence, negative valence, manipulation, consequence, self-reinforcement, aversive, behavior

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?: One thing that I really liked about this section was how easy it was to follow. I often times have difficulty following textbooks because they tend to be dense and wordy. I liked that this section was easy to read and understand and that it did a good job of relaying the necessary information to the reader. It was informative and very interesting to me.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?: One thing that I think I would have liked more was if the section had something like a word bank or a list of terms. I find that if I am able to read the key terms and definitions that will be in a section of text prior to reading it, I am better able to understand the section in question. Still, I thought that the section was really good.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?: The first thing that I will remember is the three steps or “ABC’s” of reinforcement. I think that I will also remember how important the antecedent is to the outcome of the behavior. I liked the example of telling a joke at a party as opposed to at a funeral. I think that is an example that will stick with me and help me to remember the importance and function of the antecedent. I also liked the section where it discussed that the ABC’s are not linear but they constantly rely on feedback. For example, if you tell a joke at a party and someone laughs, it will increase the likelihood that more jokes will be told at future parties.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?: I really liked that this section clarified the differences between the various types of punishment and reinforcement. When I first took a psych class, I was really confused by the idea of positive punishment because I didn’t understand how punishment could be positive. I really like that this text broke it down and explained exactly what punishment means and the differences between positive and negative punishment.
I also liked that the same was done with the idea of reinforcement, because I think that the distinction between positive and negative can be quite confusing for some people.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? I honestly can’t really think of anything that I disliked about this section. I thought the information was given in an appropriate and easy to understand fashion. If I had to come up with something I would repeat my concerns with the previous section, that I think a word bank or list of terms would be beneficial.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? I think that one thing I will remember about this is the distinction between the noun verb and adjectives. The difference between the words reinforcement, reinforcer and reinforcing may seem miniscule, but I can certainly see now how confusing them could completely change the meaning of your sentence. I think that I will also remember that reinforcers can be naturally occurring. When I think of reinforcement, I usually think of someone intentionally reinforcing behavior. I didn’t really consider that we are reinforced all the time without even knowing it. I definitely thought that was interesting and worth remembering.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? As I said before, prior to reading these two sections, I thought that behavior modification was always something that was done intentionally with a specific outcome in mind.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? These sections have made me see that often times behavior modification is done unknowingly and unintentionally and that it happens much more frequently than I thought at first.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Terms: Behavior modification, negative reinforcement, reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcer,

1. A)I really liked the ABC model because it is a good visual that could be more helpful to understanding.
2. I least liked having to use pleasurable or adverse because I am used to using positive and negative.
3. I will remember the ABC model, using the words pleasurable and adverse, and that controlling the environment controls the behavior.
1.2
4. I really liked the boxes showing behavior, consequences, and probability because it is a good visual and they contain good examples.
5. I least like having to use the words pleasurable and undesirable because I am used to using the words positive and negative.
6. I will remember that reinforcement is used to increase a behavior, punishment is used to decrease a behavior, and the model showing behavior, consequence, and probability.
7. I previously thought this class was to learn how to change someones behavior to improve it because of the name of the class.
8. After the readings I know how to improve someones behavior different ways using punishment and reinforcement.
9. Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Probability, Pleasurable, averse, Punishment, and Reinforcement.

1) I really liked the graphics in the section, it made it easy to understand and could see how it works out.
2)All the information was useful and easy to read so there wasn't really anything I didn't like.
3) I will remember the ABC model. I will remember how for every behavior we do there is an antecedent and consequence. I will also remember that with different antecedent there is a different consequence (see telling joke at funeral vs party)

1.2
4) This section give a lot of good examples but also give the reader a chance to give their own and be more involved in that.
5)It was sort of a more detail talk about the first section so some parts seem to be repeating themselves and driving points harder.
6) Reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior while punishment does the opposite of that. All behaviors have consequences even when we don't think so. Self-reinforcement is the self-delivery of a consequence following a particular behavior.
7) When i see the word behavioral modification, i think something is going to improve in a behavior.
8) After reading this, I have a better understanding of what it really is when a behavior happens and how the different circumstance changes the reaction or consequence from others.
9) Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence,reinforcement, punishment, and self-reinforcement.

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really enjoyed that right away it was explained what the ABCs of Behavior Modification was. I also enjoyed that instead of just defining it once, the author made it a point to explain it from every angle and use examples to make sure it was understood. This helped me to learn it front and back.

2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
While I enjoyed the amount of examples, I think the "fill in the blank" was almost childish and after the first few examples I felt that it was too much.

3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
Because it was reiterated so well, I will remember the ABCs of Behavior Modification. Specifically, I will remember how closely related the Antecedent and the Consequence are. I also really learned that working A-B-C doesn't always work -- it's much easier to start with the behavior, then the consequence, then the antecedent.

4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why?
I really liked how stressed the difference between punishment and reinforcement is made. I often hear people talk of "positive reinforcement" and they may be referring to positive punishment or negative reinforcement or even negative punishment -- but aren't aware. This allowed me to understand the ideas.

5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why?
Once again I disliked that there were an overabundant amount of examples. I suppose this would be helpful for someone who is struggling but after the first couple I had it down and it felt repetitive.

6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One large thing I will remember is that reinforcement or punishment isn't always purposefully done -- it can be done naturally. This is interesting to me because I never thought of that being a reinforcer or punisher. Valence is something else I will be remembering -- the psychological value of a thing. I will remember this because it is an interesting concept that I have never heard of. I will also remember that because something may have been traditionally thought of as being a negative thing, it will not always be (ex. jumping out a plane and the consequence being positive, like an endorphin rush). Some behaviors are automatically thought of as negative but that doesn't mean it is.

7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why?
I didn't think much about behavior modification because in my studies thus far I have not encountered it much. If I thought of it as all, I ignored the antecedent and focused on the behavior and the consequence. Most of time I would try to change the consequence but starting at the root is a much better option.

8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Reading these sections has allowed me to properly identify behaviors as well as what causes them and follows them. This then allows me to think critically about how making changes to one of these stages will affect the other two.

9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post. Antecedent, consequence, behavior, valence, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcer, punisher, positive, negative, psychological value.

1. I really liked how well it explained why a behavior happens, and what happens after a behavior occurs. It really gave me an insight on what is going to go on in this class and how we will learn about modifying a behavior.

2. There wasn't really anything that I extremely disliked about this section. The only thing that I would say I wish was different was maybe explaining whether or how much the antecedent has an effect on the consequence, or if it is completely the behavior all the time that has the only effect on the consequence. It kind of talked about this with telling the joke at a funeral example but I wish it would talk about it a little bit more.

3. One thing that I will remember from this section is definitely that the ABC's are the most important part of behavior modification because it was reiterated so well. Another thing I will remember is that a consequence depends on the behavior, but it can also be related to the antecedent. The last thing that I will remember is that we don't always realize in our every day life, that what's going on is a consequence to something we did because it is so automatic. This section did a very good job explaining the ABC's and the importance of them.

4. I really liked how well it explained the difference between the two, and the types of ways punishment and reinforcement can be given. This topic becomes confusing to me sometimes and I think that this section did a nice job explaining everything.

5. What I didn't like about this section was the self-reinforcement over punishment from others. This was the part int eh section where I started to get confused. I question whether what should be a punishment, but doesn't decrease the behavior because of the person themselves, is still considered a punishment. I would like this to be explained a little more.

6. One thing that I will remember about this section is again, how important the ABC's are and how reinforcement and punishment fits in to the ABC"s. I will remember this because again, it is very important in the world of behavior modification. I will also remember how punishment could be something desirable while reinforcement can involve something aversive because you wouldn't think this is the case. It got me to think and I will remember this because it seems weird to me. One last thing that I will remember is the term valence. I hadn't heard this term before and it seems important and pretty easy to remember.

7. Prior to reading these sections I wasn't 100% sure what behavior modifications was exactly about. I was kind of nervous that it would be something that was difficult for me to understand but after reading, so far it has all made decent sense. It has given me an over view on what is important in this class and I am excited to learn more.

8. It has changed what I originally thought because I am not as nervous that this class will be something that I don't understand. It will relate to life and the real world more than I thought as well, which will also make it easier for me.

9. Antecedent, consequence, self-reinforcement, valence, punishment, reinforcer, ABC's, and behavior.

1. One thing I enjoyed in section 1.1 was the use of the ABCs (Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence)

2) There was nothing I specifically did not like in this section.

3 Three things I will remember from section 1.1 are (1) the ABCs of behavior modification, (2) controlling the antecedents can set the occasion for a behavior, and (3) by controlling the consequence we can determine if a behavior is more likely to happen in the future under the same antecedents.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

4 One thing I really enjoyed learning in sections 1.2 was "In behavioral terms when we emit (do) a behavior it is followed by a consequence. If the consequence functions as a reinforcer then the behavior will likely be emitted in the future under similar circumstances. If the consequence functions as a punisher then the behavior will be less likely to be emitted under similar circumstances in the future."

5. There was nothing I specifically disliked in this section.

6 Three things I will remember from section 1.2 are (1) valence is used to describe the psychological values on a person, place, or thing--positive valence: pleasant, desirable, attracting--negative valence: unpleasant, undesirable, aversive, (2) an aversive outcome can involve something that is potentially desirable--we can have a pleasurable outcome that involves something aversive, and (3)

7. Prior to reading sections 1.1 and 1.2 I really did not have much of an idea about the logistics behind behavior modification. I now have a better understanding of the basis of behavior modification and what is associated with a behavior itself.

8. Reading through these sections has changed my idea of behavior modification because the reading has given me a foundation to grow upon, which will help me to learn how to incorporate behavior modification into my day-to-day life. Prior to reading these sections I had an insignificant amount of knowledge of what behavior modification really was and how it actually works.

9) Terms: ABCs (antecedent, behavior, consequence), emit, reinforcer, punisher, valence, pleasant, desirable, attracting, unpleasant, undesirable, aversive, behavior modification

Week #2 Reading Activity

I thought that learning you have the ability to governor a behavior by controlling the antecedents and knowing what the possible consequences could be. Knowing how to control a person’s behavior would be a nice thing to have when trying to improve someone’s bad mood.
I didn’t like the idea that it seems that all encounters with others are like a set script to live by. It seems like a boring way to look at life.
a. I will remember that for every behavior there is an antecedent and a consequence, and that is how is all the time. I thought this was interesting because I have never thought of it that way.
b. I thought it was interesting that the majority of our behaviors that we emit each day we are unaware of and that to me sounds somewhat scary.
c. I will remember that the antecedent directly affects the consequences, and that is a thing that is needed to know in many moments.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
I liked the example of using the reinforcing procedure to get your roommate to do the dishes because that has been a problem all year at the house I’m living at.
What I like least is the idea of valence and positive and negative valence. I don’t feel like we need to have a word/phrase for things so apparent.
a. I will remember when I should use punishment or reinforcement when teaching my children things when they are growing up.
b. I will remember that reinforcement increases the tendency for a behavior to occur because that is something that can be very useful in an everyday life.
c. I will remember that punishment can involve something desirable, which at first confused me.
I thought this class was going to be a boring class that we are required to take, but I was wrong, this class seems like we will learn a lot about ourselves and about others.
The readings made it clear that what will be learning in this class will be very applicable to real world situations. A lot of what I have already read, I could put to good use.
Antecedents, consequence, reinforcing procedure, valence, negative valence, positive valence, behavior, punishment, reinforcement

Reading Activity Week 2

1. The one thing that I really liked that was in this section is the fact that all behavior can be explained through the ABC’s which are Antecedent, Behavior and Consequences. The reason being that it put all my daily behaviors into perspective especially when I start analyzing what I do on a regular basis.
2. The thing that I didn’t like that much was how we decide what is a behavior and a behavior class because it is not as simple as I thought it to be. This makes it a bit hard to decide what is actually a behavior and not a behavior class because a behavior class can be divided into many behaviors.
3. The three things that I will remember are the process in determining the consequences, the ABC’s of behavior and the difference between a behavior and a behavior class. This is because of the amount of repetition required to remember all these things.
4. The one thing that I liked about this section is the definitions of reinforcement and punishment. Because in behavior modification, these words mean something else. Reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of behavior and punishment is a procedure to increase the frequency of behavior.
5. The one thing that I disliked about this section is the usage of verb, noun and adjective. Because it can get confusing.
6. Three things that I will remember from what I read are what is reinforcement, punishment, and the positive and negative valences. Because of doing the activities of writing three sentences that shows examples of what it means.
7. Prior to reading these sections I always thought that behavior modification was just behavior and consequences. This is because I never thought the antecedent mattered in manipulating behavior.
8. Reading this sections made me realize that behavior modification is not only about manipulating behavior. It also shows us that all behaviors that happen on a daily basis are related to an antecedent that has consequences be it positive or negative.
9. The terms that I used:
a. Antecedent
b. Behavior
c. Consequences
d. Reinforcement
e. Punishment
f. Positive and negative valences
g. frequency

1. One thing that I really liked in this section was learning about how all of our behaviors can be explained by the ABCs, antecedent, behavior and consequences. I liked learning about this because its interesting to think that everything I do, all of the habits I have gotten myself into can be explained by this.

2. One thing I didn't enjoy learning was exactly how the antecedent, behavior and consequence directly affect each other. I didn't enjoy learning about this because it was a little confusing at first, after a little review however the correlation between the terms are clear now.

3. Three things I will remember from this section is how the antecedent and consequence controls the behavior, what a behavior class is and how many behaviors there really are in an average day, its amazing how many behaviors I can now observe understanding what to look for now.

4. One thing I liked learning in this section was the difference in reinforcement and punishment was. Reinforcements increase the likely hood of a behavior while the punishments decrease the likely hood of the behavior.

5. Something I did not like in this section was how they tried explaining the terms in verb, noun and adjective. It was a little confusing.

6. Three things I will remember from this section are how reinforcement and punishments affect a behavior, how every behavior has a consequence and how the valence is used to describe the pathological values on a person place or thing this can be positive or negative.

7. I thought behavior modification was as simple as changing a consequence to get a different behavior like slapping someone on the wrist when they do something bad.

8. Reading these sections informed me that there are different ways to change a behavior such as; positive punishment, negative punishment, positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

9.
Reinforcement
Punishment
Valence
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequences

1.) This section was easy to understand. I liked how instead of jumping right into all the hard stuff, it lays to foundation of the ABC’s and tells us what to expect. I think that talking about the ABC’s and drilling us on them was a great way to start the textbook.

2.) I think the discussion on what exactly a behavior is can be clearer. It may be coming up later, but after reading this my idea of behaviors were still too broad. Behaviors can (and to work in this model need to) be specific. So making the concept of behaviors more specific would help.

3.) A=Antecedent, which is the setting for a behavior and sets the stage for things to occur. B= behavior, these are the things that people emit. And C= consequence, which is the reaction to the behavior and can either be aversive or pleasurable. I will definitely remember these three ABC’s of behavior modification because the rest of the course builds off of this simple foundation.

4.) I really like the term positive punishment. It sounds contradictory, but in fact it is simply punishment where something is added as a consequence. It is not contradictory at all, but those outside psychology probably wouldn’t understand this jargon.

5.) I wish that you had listed out the definitions of positive/negative punishment/reinforcement. Based on the definitions that you did provide, I can figure all four out, but at the same time it would be nice to see an exact definition.

6.) Consequences affect the likelihood that a behavior will happen in the future. I will remember the two types of consequence, punishment and reinforcement. Punishment decreases the probability that the behavior will occur in the future and reinforcement increases the probability that the behavior will occur in the future. I will remember these because they were drilled hard with the boxes. I will also remember valence. It can either be positive (pleasant or desirable) or negative (unpleasant or undesirable).

7.) I thought behavior modification was going to be about getting people to change their personalities or emotions to fit some socially acceptable model for normal behavior. I thought it was going to cover theories about large scale change in people.

8.) I thought that I was going to be learning about old theories from old dead psychologist like Pavlov and Skinner. I was pleasantly surprised when the content was more applicable to everyday life. I thought behavior modification was going to be largely conceptual, but it is clear that this class will be more applied.

9.) Antecedent, behavior, consequence, punishment, reinforcement, positive, negative, valence.

1 a&b) One thing that I really liked about this section was how clear the information was. It was laid out in a simple and visual way, which made it a lot easier for me to understand. I also liked learning some new was to describe things that are positive/negative by using the words pleasurable/aversive.

2) My least favorite part of this section was that we were asked to give examples. I know this is an essential part of learning the material, but I often got frustrated with myself when I couldn't think of an example that I thought was "good enough" to write down, or I kept trying to write down a slightly modified of examples that had already been given. This is a personal problem, and there was really nothing about the text that I found to be aversive.

3 a,b&c) The first thing that I remember from this section is that the ABC's are not linear because it helped me understand the complexity of the relationship between antecedents and consequences. It is a really complex process, and as I have learned, it involves much more than just the ABC’s. There are several types of reinforcers and punishers, as well as schedules that may work better or worse to manipulate different target behaviors. The second thing that I remember is that the word "emitting" is useful for describing how someone carries out an action, it sounds way more sophisticated than "He did this" or "she acted like this" and is a word I will try to implement into my vocabulary. The third thing from this section that I remember is that similar behaviors have different functions. The example of how raising one's hand having different meanings really stood out to me because I had never thought about it like that before. After learning more about this, I know that actions which have the same purpose but look different are in the same functional class, while actions that are elicited with the same look but have different purposes are in the same topographical class.

4 a&b) One thing that I liked about this chapter was that even though I felt like I was reading a thick packet of paper, it didn't actually suck to read. Normally when I'm reading this many pages it's a journal article or a meta-analysis, and I felt like this was much more enjoyable to take notes on. I also liked the introduction of new vocabulary.

5) Again, my least favorite part of the section was giving examples. It's something I'm going to have to get used to and improve on to help learn the material better, so after this post I'm going to stop complaining about it.

6 a,b&c) The first thing that remember from this section was what a "naturally occurring punisher" is, because I had originally always thought of punishment as something that had to be deliberately done as a consequence. I never thought of punishment as "feeling cold" or "she smiles". I now know that punishment comes in all shapes in sizes and from many different people or things in our environment. The second thing I remember from this section is what the word Valence means. I've always understood the concept of it, but I never had the right word for it. Once again, I appreciate learning the new vocabulary. This word has been useful to describe how people feel about things, and whether a particular consequence has a positive or negative valence. The third thing I remember from this section is "Self-reinforcement" because prior to these readings I had always pictured reinforcement as something that had to be done onto another person. It makes complete sense, though. Overall, this chapter broadened my idea of what it was to elicit a consequence.

7) Prior to these readings, I thought about behavior modification in terms of positive/negative punishment or reinforcement. I learned about these things from previous psychology classes, but I had never discussed the ABC's of it before. I also never thought about Behavior Modification as "manipulation", because the word has such a negative connotation/valence.

8) The biggest changes that these reading implemented in my understanding of behavior modification is that I now know the terms and vocabulary that can be used to properly describe mod. I think that having the right words will help me be able to learn and explain the process better. I also have a much more broad understanding of what it means to reinforce or punish

9) Terms used-- Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, pleasurable, aversive, ABC's, antecedent, behavior, consequence, emitting, naturally occurring punishment, valence, self-reinforcement, schedules of reinforcement, functional class, topographical class, elicit

One thing that I really liked about this section was how easy it was to understand what the ABC’s meant because I had visuals to look at (the diagrams). I am more of a visual learner so I thought that this was really helpful. Another thing that I liked was that as we read the section we were asked to fill in diagrams and questions ourselves. This was good practice, especially since you learn more when you can put the new information you have learned to use.
Not that I necessarily disliked this, but I think it will take some getting used to, to refer to certain terms in the BMOD language. For example, not positive and negative outcomes, rather pleasurable or aversive. It is important to remember that behavior modification has its own language. One way that I can work on this to make it easier for me is to keep a list of vocabulary terms in my notebook and reference these when I am writing my blog posts in order to make sure I am using the correct words that relate to the behavior modification language.
The first thing that I will remember from this section is what the ABC’s stand for, antecedent, behavior, and consequence. Because that is what the whole textbook is centered around it is a good idea to remember what they mean and how they are used in behavior modification. Second, I will remember that in day to day life usually we aren’t aware that we are using the ABC’s in our behavior. It is important to remember this because it may make you dive deeper into figuring out behavior if we know that we don’t think about it all the time. Last, I will remember that once we can control the antecedent and the consequence we can begin to control behavior. This is important to remember because you can use this to your advantage if you want someone or something to behave in a certain way. We will delve deeper into this when we discuss the different types of rewards and punishments that are associated with behavior in classical conditioning.

What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? What was one thing that you disliked that was in the section? Why? What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why?
One thing I disliked in section 1.2 of the text was figuring out how exactly punishment, punisher, and punishing are different, I found it confusing trying to figure out how they are different in behavior modification besides the fact that one is a noun, one is a verb, and one is and adjective. It felt like it was a lot of information presented at one time and this made it confusing for me.
One thing I liked about this section was how it gave us examples of positive valence and negative valence and then had us come up with our own. Having examples of these made it a lot easier for me to understand the concept. I think providing activities for us to do while we are doing our reading will be extremely helpful for us in order to better understand the material and apply what we are learning for practice.
The first two things that I will remember from this section are, punishments can involve something desirable and reinforcements can involve something aversive or undesirable. These are important to remember because it can get confusing if you don’t understand them. The last thing that I will remember is self-reinforcement occurs when the reinforcement is delivered by the individual themselves. I will remember these three aspects of the chapter because it can be confusing and you may mix them up in the future if you don’t read them carefully and understand them right off the bat.
Prior to reading these first two sections, I didn’t know much about behavior modification. I definitely didn’t think it was as complex as it is. After discussing all the different ways that behavior can be altered by reinforcements and punishments it has definitely changed what I originally thought about behavior modification and its simplicity.

Terms: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, antecedent, behavior, consequence, valence, punisher, punishing, reinforcer, reinforcing, aversive, undesirable

1 a&b ) One thing that I really liked that was in the section was how the ABCs are connected to each other. The antecedent affects the behavior, and the behavior affects the consequence. We can also control the consequence depending on whether it is aversive or desirable. I like this part because I think that it is common sense. For a behavior to occur, you need an antecedent, and when a behavior occurs, the consequence occurs.

2 ) There was nothing that I disliked about the section because all the examples were very helpful and they explains how the antecedent, behavior, and consequence affect each other.

3 )
a. I will remember that ABC stands for antecedent, behavior, and consequence. Because this is the basics of behavior modification and I think it is important to know them.
b. I will remember the antecedent can elicit different consequences even if the behaviors are similar. For example, A = 1o’clock in the morning, B = knocking on the room door, C = getting scolded by parents, is different from, A = 1o’clock in the afternoon, B = knocking on the room door, C = parents open the door. I think it is important to know how the ABCs affect each other.
c. I will remember the difference between emit and elicit. Emit means to ‘do’ a behavior, and elicit means to ‘make’ a behavior occur. I think up until this week of classes, the definition and difference between these two should already be tattooed in my mind.

4 a&b ) What I liked about this section was how the two contingencies were properly defined and explained. I like how the definition of punishment was given and then there were many different examples to explain it. And this is the same for reinforcement. I think this section is very organized and it helps me understand better the differences between reinforcement and punishment.

5 ) One thing that I disliked that was in this section was how positive valence and negative valence popped out in between the section. I understand the definition of the both of them, however i do not know how they fit in to this section.

6 )
a. I will remember that reinforcement is a procedure used to increase the frequency of a behavior. Because after reading this section, I have understood the concept of it.
b. I will remember that punishment is a procedure used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. I think this is something that we do in our daily lives and we would notice it if we observe closely.
c. I will remember that reinforcement and punishment can involve something aversive and desirable. For example, a reinforcement that involves something aversive would be taking away the toys to increase the behavior of eating at the table.

7 ) Honestly, before taking this class, i never really thought about what this class would be like. The only thing I knew about this class was modifying behavior.

8 ) Reading these sections have really helped me understand more about behaviors. How to increase the frequency of a behavior or how to decrease the frequency of a behavior. Prior to taking this class, I wouldn’t have thought of anything about reinforcing or punishing a behavior. But after taking this class, everything makes a lot more sense.

9 ) Antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, desirable, emit, elicit, contingencies, reinforcement, punishment, positive valence, negative valence.

1.The thing I liked about this particular section was how it explained and broke down the ABC’s to where I was easily able to understand them. The write in boxes with examples helped to better understand the ABC’s and to see the relationship between the antecedent behavior and consequence. It was nice to read about what behavior modification was in simple everyday terms rather than psychological jargon.

2.One thing that I didn’t like about this section where a few of the examples, they just seemed to be simple and not as realistic as they could have been, but I understand for the introduction into this course that the examples needed to be easy to understand and that future examples will get harder and more realistic the more in depth we get into behavior modification.

3.One of the three things I will remember and take away from this section would be how important the antecedent is. The antecedent is very important for establishing the different types of behaviors that will follow and the example of telling a joke at a party and then at a funeral helped to understand why antecedents are so important. The second thing I took away from this section was the discussion about using different vocabulary to replace the words positive and negative. Positive refers to adding something and negative refers to the removal of something therefore to replace their common usage it is important to use pleasurable and aversive. The last thing I will remember from this section is that antecedents set the occasion for a behavior. The behaviors that are emitted will then elicit a pleasurable or aversive consequence not a positive or negative one.

4.I liked having the boxes there to fill out to help you write out punishments and reinforcements which helps make me come up with ideas of my own. I think that the repetition of writing down different examples helped me to retain the main concepts and ideas about these two reading sections.

5.I could not really find anything about this section that I did not like. I mean the only thing I can really think of would be some of the vocabulary and continually trying to remember what each word means but with enough exposure to the vocabulary my ability to remember the words will be fluid and automatic.

6.One of the things I will remember from this section are the reinforcer and punisher as well as the reinforcement and punishment and how these differ from each other. Reinforcers increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future and punishers decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future. When a reinforcer causes a behavior to increase it is called reinforcement and the same goes for when a punisher causes a behavior to decrease it is called punishment. Another key aspect that I took away from this section was that punishment can have pleasurable characteristics and that reinforcement can also have aversive characteristics. The last thing I remember from this reading section was that valence is an important term to understand and that it is defined as the psychological value placed on people, places, or things.

7.Before I read this first two sections about behavior modification I first thought that this was a course designed to better understand ways to change a person’s behavior and the different ways to change it. I thought that this was probably used more for research purposes and not really used in the real world. I did not really know what else it was going to be about.

8.It was surprising to read about the different number of terms that are used in behavior modification when it seems so much easier to use every day language. I was wrong when I thought it was mainly used in research and academia and in fact is used every day by pretty much everybody with most not being consciously aware of doing it or being subjected to it.

9.Terms: Behavior Modification, Reinforcement, Punishment, Punisher, Reinforcer, Valence, Pleasurable, Aversive, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABCs, Emit, Elicit

Megan Hasley
After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I thought it was really interesting to see how the ABC’s work to actually change behavior. I thought that creating my own scenarios was a good way to learn the difference between the terms and how they impact each other. I also thought it was interesting to see how changing the behavior can cause such drastic changes in the consequences.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I thought it was really helpful to do a lot of fill in the blanks for the ABC’s, but after doing several sets of three it started to get repetitive. I think it was still helpful, but it was just not as interesting after doing it several times.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I have never studied behavior modification in depth before, so I thought this chapter and all of its terms were very interesting. I liked learning about the ABC’s and putting them into scenarios.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The ABC’s relate to my life because I am constantly going through this cycle. With any action I do the consequence stems from the behavior that came from the antecedent. Another thing from this section that I think relates to my life is the way that I emit behaviors. I was asked to write down and fill out the ABC’s for three behaviors that I had emitted today.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Overall I think the most interesting thing was self-reinforcement. I think I reinforce myself frequently to believe that I am funny.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I thought the valences were the least interesting thing because the concept was pretty simple and straightforward. It wasn’t that they were not interesting, but if I had to pick something I think it would be the valences. There just was not as much material on the terms.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had never learned about behavior modification while referring to things as aversive or desirable instead of positive and negative. I thought it was interesting to learn how to say it correctly. I do not have any in depth knowledge of behavior modification, but I have studied it in small amounts in other psychology classes.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I think that punishments and reinforcements relate to my life because I use those concepts frequently. Any time I want someone to do something for the first time, or more often I try to use reinforcements. If the reinforcements do not work I switch to punishments. I think that self-reinforcement is also really prevalent because I realized that I reinforce myself more frequently than I thought. Before today I had never thought about how I reinforce myself to believe that I am funny, or to perform certain tasks.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I have previously learned about reinforcements and punishments and how they can be used to alter behavior. I try to use that logic when I am asking my brother to do something, or if I want him to repeat the behavior in the future.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Terms: reinforcement, punishment, aversive, desirable, self-reinforcement, valences, antecedent, behavior, consequence

1. Ifound interesting that learning about how if you know what the antetecedent (a) and what the consequence (c) is that you would know what the behavior (b) would be. I liked that is all behavior was explained by the ABC's that you could change your own and also others behavior. I liked how the boxes made the process of behavior seem so simple. It helped me understand it more. I also liked that there was more than one example in the reading. Seeing something more than once usually let's me learn it better.
2. I kinda disliked how all the examples were so easy though. I didn't really have to think that hard to understand them and know what behavior. There could have been at least 1 hard one to really get me thinking and made me reread the section over again to get it. Also I don't think I can actually control someone behavior by actually thinking and doing the ABC's.
3.I knew and learned previously that every action has an consequence, and that we can control every action and consequence that it pu onto us. Also that you can control others behavior with your decisions as well. 4. Pretty much everything relates to my life, in the sense that basically follow the ABC's without even thinking about it, I am right now. Since I was little I was told that every decision you make has a consequence, good or bad. And this section just reiterated that. Also I always try to manipulate my brother now I know how in a better easier way.
5. I found it interesting how it clearly explains and defines the differences between reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing. Also it does the same for punishment, punisher, and punishing. I liked this because instead of assuming we know the difference, it is explained to us right from the start, helps with understanding. The examples again were very easy to understand.
6. I found least interesting that i didn't really understand the difference between reinforcement and punishment. They both sound the same and do pretty the same thing when someone makes a bad decision. I think that could have been explained more with examples and boxes.also an punishment can be an reinforcement.
7. I hadn't crossed behavior modification ever in my life till this class, so I didn't really know anything about it or what it was in terms of punishment and the different ways you can use it and reinforcement. But I knew you could punish someone and reinforce them.
8. That I've been punished before by my parents but they also called it reinforced, so it was tricky figuring which is which when I was younger. I can know willing reinforce myself now after learning about it. Also when I have kids I don't have to always punish my kids, I can teach them how to reinforce themselves at a young age.
9. I have a whole different idea what behavior modification is since I had no prior knowledge. I know now you can alter your own behavior by reinforcing your own self,before an punishment is needed or has to happen. You can really modify your own behavior in different ways.
10. Behavior. Antecedent. Punishment. Punisher. Punishing. Reinforcement, reinforcer. Reinforcing. Consequence. Manipulate. Modification.

1.1

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found most interesting in the section was realizing that we emit certain behaviors every day that have a antecedent and consequence. I found this interesting because I didn't realize how true it is that we emit behaviors that call for certain consequences. I also found it interesting that we look at behaviors that are aversive and pleasurable because when we set the occasion, it is very true that the consequence depends on that certain occasion. My favorite example was when you set the occasion (antecendent) to A Party and you tell a joke, most people receive a pleasurable consequence like a laugh. But if the occasion (antecedent) was A Funeral and tell a joke, you are more likely to receive an aversive consequence like a sour look.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The only things that I had trouble with was trying to get used to the vocabulary words. I do like that you have in parentheses what they mean continuously through out the chapter, but I feel like I would have to write down every vocabulary word in my notebook to make sure I was using the correct word in my blogs/comments. Also, I loved that the examples were somewhat simple, but I found it sometimes hard to think of examples to fill in because I wasn't sure if the answers I had were good enough or if they fit in each category correctly.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This chapter relates a lot to my intro to psych class and other classes that I have taken because we learn that certain behaviors that we emit can cause pleasurable or aversive in certain antecedents. Although, I believe when I learned it, it was used as positive and negative reactions. I also remember learning that the environment that we are currently in can elicit certain behaviors.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing that relates to my life are having consequences for your "actions." While reading this chapter, I thought of how when I was younger, I was told to think before you do (emit) because everything has a consequence. Little did I know that it was true! The second thing that relates to my life is constantly living in the ABC's without knowing it. But now that I know about them more in depth, I sometimes find myself setting the Antecedents, Behavior and Consequence in my head and kind of get an answer at the end. Not sure if that makes much sense to others, but it does to me!

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found interesting in the section is learning about reinforcement and punishment. I found this interesting because I feel like I will be using these tactics on my children in the future. I will be thinking about how our behaviors lead to consequences that may lead to a punishment or a reinforcement. I also found interesting that we emit these behaviors like normal every day just like the ABC's with out noticing! Now that I think of it, I am mind blown on how true this reading is. I just love knowing why we behave and how we behave.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
What I found least interesting was that the examples were hard to fill out because you're not sure if you are using the reinforcer and punisher correctly. I wish this was an online pop up example question where you can chose out of several answers and it would tell you whether you are right or wrong. Which I know defeats the purpose of doing the Friday assignments for online students only but I feel like my head was thrown so many vocabulary words and it was just hard to take in all at once. I also didn't like the example that asked "give three examples of punishment involving something that is ordinarily pleasurable" because by that point I was like "huh?"

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In previous psych classes I learned about punishment and reinforcement. And that reinforcement was used to increase the frequency of a behavior and that punishment was used to decrease the frequency of a behavior. I learned more about this in my developmental psych class when we were learning about behaviors that teenagers and young adults emit. But I have never learned of these terms in the BMOD way so the way we look at it now, is a little different.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
In my life I feel like I use punishment and reinforcement quite often. For example, if I tend to procrastinate on studying, I punish myself by not letting myself watch netflix for a night so I can catch up on studying. This punishment decreased the frequency of me procrastinating because I knew I really wanted to watch an episode of Grey's Anatomy. Which feels like I kind of manipulate myself in some way. I also use reinforcement a lot in my life. Once I read this chapter I realized that I smile at people all the time expecting a smile back. When I do, it makes me feel great that others acknowledge me (praise) so I continue to do it. Also, when I clean my house, I am always told I do a great job and that it always feels better once it's done. When I receive that compliment it feels like a pat on the back and it increases my likelihood of doing it again.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections put into perspective what we are really going to be learning in this course. I was not sure what to expect in this class. All I knew was that we would possibly be learning how our behaviors impact us, our world and others around us. I figured that behavior modification would be simple to understand but after reading the first two sections, it really makes you think.

10) Emit, Behavior, Antecedent, Consequence, Aversive, Pleasurable, Modification, Praise, Elicit, Manipulate, Reinforcement, Reinforcer, Punishment, Punisher, Environment, ABC's, Behavior Modification

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting how simple the ABC's really are and how easy it can be to change somebody's behavior. It was nice to have a break down of what the antecedent, behavior and consequence actually are because I had never thought of these in terms of behavior modification. It was helpful for me because now I can use the ABC's in making living with my roommates better, like the examples.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I feel like the examples and then creating our own was repetitive but I know it is made that way on purpose because that is one way to actually learn something. The boxes were helpful though so I am glad that we have them throughout the book.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I took Clinical Psychology last semester so I had learned these words before and was familiar with them but the text book we had to buy did not explain the ABC's as well as this. I also, from my previous class, did not know that the antecedent was so important because that changes the consequence quite a bit.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The examples were pretty real life like and the one about the roommates and doing dishes helps me a lot because it wouldn't be hard for me to praise my roommates whenever one of them decides to clean the kitchen or takes the trash out. Another way this relates to my life is how easy that this can change my own behavior. I need to look at my behavior and it will show me why I am getting the consequences I am. This is helpful with school work and when I wonder why I didn't get the grade I wanted.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting in the wording that you use and the explaining behind the not using positive and negative. It makes a lot more sense to me now because when I here the negative reinforcers or punishments I will know that it means to actually take something away. This was interesting to me because I have always used negative in the wrong context. It was also nice to have the definition of words we probably wouldn't know put into the text, like emit and valence.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I thought this section was really similar to the last in terms of having a lot of examples and then us doing a lot. It will be helpful in the long run when I understand the concepts though.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
This has always been hard for me to understand in classes before because they just expected us to know the terms and never broke it down like this. But usually when learning about this I hear the story about the rat and it learning through operant conditioning.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
This section relates to everyone's life because the reinforcement procedure and punishment procedure. I have a little cousin that we use the reinforcement procedure on all the time. Whenever she gets up on her feet and starts to look like she is going to walk, everyone starts saying "big girl" or clapping with smiles on their faces. They are encouraging her to know that what she is doing is right and they're reinforcing her to get the outcome or "consequence" they want which would be her walking. We are using deliberate and natural reinforcement in this situation.
Another example of this occurring in my life is the opposite of one of the examples used. When I go outside for class and hear that it is cold out I put a jacket on and wear capris. However, it's not that chilly enough to be wearing that. This is the punishment procedure because me going outside in this clothing will decrease after that experience.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I did not know that behavior modification was so broad and I feel like I will enjoy the class a lot more because it is not strictly based on one thing. My opinion changed because of the things we have already learned, like the ABC's and reinforcers and punishments.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
terms: antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, valence, reinforcer, punishment, consequence

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found that was most interesting would be our environment greatly changes our behavior and therefore the consequences that come with it. Depending on our environment we can elicit or emit a behavior that is pleasurable or aversive.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
What I thought was least interesting is the part where it talks about behaviors always having consequences. I already knew this information from previous classes so it was the least interesting part to read.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
From previous psychology classes I have taken I learned that behaviors always have consequences and that the environment, people around us, and ourselves control our behavior and how it shapes the consequences.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing from this section that relates to my life would be all of my behaviors have consequences whether they are pleasurable or aversive. I go through life making decisions everyday about how I’m going to behave and everything has a consequence. A second thing that relates to my life is the antecedent is a huge factor for my behavior. In certain places like school or work I behave differently and the consequences of those behaviors are different.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found interesting in this section would be the self-reinforcement. I always thought of reinforcement as other people giving you the praise and not yourself so this part really stuck out to me because I have never learned about this before.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
What I found that was least interesting was punishment could be desirable and reinforcement could be aversive. It got confusing and was hard to understand with the other reinforcement and punishment terms.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Through other psychology classes I have taken I already knew about reinforcement and punishment but this class described the terms in more detail and gave way more examples. The topic of reinforcement and punishment was greatly expanded and covered way more subjects than my previous classes.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing that relates to my life is I use reinforcement and punishment everyday even without knowing I’m doing it and people are also doing it to me. I’m constantly smiling so I’m using reinforcement when people smile back at me and vise versa. Another example is teachers use reinforcement and punishment through grades and my parents used it through grounding and getting stuff taken away or rewards such as a gift.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I always knew that others influenced how we behave but I didn’t know how much so with reinforcement and punishment. Through this they change our behavior whether for the good or bad but we also influence others and can change their behavior.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Elicit, emit, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, aversive, antecedent, reinforcement, punishment, self-reinforcement

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting how similar behaviors can produce different consequences based on the antecedent. For the most part, I think that society knows that the antecedent or context of a behavior greatly changes the consequence of behavior. However, there are sometimes certain people that you find in life that simply do not understand the antecedent and will emit certain behaviors that are not socially acceptable and result in aversive consequences.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I don’t necessarily want to say that I found this least interesting, but I think it was somewhat less interesting to me because I feel like I already understood this concept and I feel that many people understand that when we can have a larger control over our behaviors when we know the antecedents and the consequences. Because it is usually fairly obvious that when there is already context or an antecedent and you want a specific result or consequence then you probably have a certain type of behavior that one could already assume.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I really didn’t know too much about behavior modification before I read this section of the chapter, but I would say that it was basically all knew information except for the concept that I related that I already understood in the answer to question 2. I didn’t know about the ABC’s of behavior medication but it was interesting to see how one action effects the next and how this is sort of a cycle that can produce more of the same type of actions or reduce those same actions depending on the antecedent.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I think that one thing that relates to everyone’s life is that behaviors have consequences and these consequences are relatively dependent on the antecedent of the behavior. The other aspect of this section that relates to me is that we all practice the ABC’s even if we do not know it. We might emit a joke (behavior) and get completely different results (consequences) based on the context (antecedent). Sometimes I feel as if I misinterpret the antecedent and then I emit behaviors that have aversive outcomes instead of pleasurable outcomes. However, sometimes I might not need to change the behavior, but simply have that behavior with a different context or antecedent to get a more pleasurable result or consequence.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I thought that the most interesting part of this section was the part about self-reinforcement because this was the only concept in the chapter that was completely new to me. After reading more about this concept, it explains why some people are socially punished for their behaviors, but continue to act the same way because they are self-reinforcing their own behavior.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The concept that I found least interesting in this chapter was the simple definitions of punishment and reinforcement because I had previously learned these concepts from many other classes. However, I completely understand why these concepts are in this section. They are a great refresher and must be known so that we delve deeper into this subject.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
This section involved several concepts that were a general refresher from concepts that I have learned in many other psychology classes such as positive and negative reinforcement, and positive and negative punishment. However, it can still be somewhat confusing when you think about this concepts so it was great to have another overview of punishers and reinforcers.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Reinforcement procedure is something that I could relate to my life. Sometimes I set for myself certain goals, and when I reach these goals, I have certain rewards that act as a reinforcement procedure so that I will increase the frequency of a certain behavior. The other concept that relates to my life is self-reinforcement. Sometimes society doesn’t reinforce the behaviors that you think they should. However, if you believe in something you should use self-reinforcement. It was also interesting to learn that this is why some people still tell raunchy jokes! They laugh at their own jokes when no one else does and the self-reinforce their own joke telling behavior.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have greatly influenced what I thought about behavior modification. I really didn’t have a large understanding about behavior modification before reading these two sections. However, now I am starting to have a grasp on behavior modification and the general ABC’s that it is founded upon. I didn’t even know that reinforcement and punishment were foundations in the world of behavior modification. Behavior modification is a much larger subject than I originally thought it would be.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, emit, self-reinforcement, reinforcement, punishment, negative and positive punishment, negative and positive reinforcement, reinforcement procedure, valence, pleasurable, ABC’s, behavior modification, manipulation

1) I found the idea of the ABCs really interesting. It makes learning the building blocks of behavior modification a lot easier. I had never thought of how much the ABCs are used in everyday life, and this section made that easy to learn. I knew that behavior related to consequences, but I had never thought about how antecedents played such a large role. I also liked that all of the vocabulary that was needed was italicized or put in parentheses.
2) I wasn’t too thrilled that the examples used were things that I typically think of on my own. They were also kind of easy examples, and it made it difficult to think of others. I feel like if the examples were a little more complex, it would really force me to think about the material and maybe retain it more.
3) The reading obviously relates to real life, and it is something that we use everyday without even realizing it. I knew that every action has a consequence; I think they try to teach you that in elementary school. I have taken a couple courses that have described the same stuff before, but they do not go into as much detail.
4) The ABCs relate in that it is constantly apart of everyone’s life. I couldn’t help but think about how like when I was living at home, and I refused to put my laundry away, there was always some sort of consequence that was supposed to get me to start putting my clothes away. (It didn’t always work.) It also relates to me in that I am always trying to manipulate the way that my cats behave. I want the behavior that they emit to be only what I them to emit and knowing the ABCs might help.
5) I found it interesting that the instead of using the terms positive and negative, the words desirable or aversive were used. It makes it a lot easier to understand. I had always used the terms positive and negative reinforcement, and I think I have always thought of them the wrong way. I got them confused and thought of negative reinforcement as a punishment, so using these other terms was very helpful.
6) The examples were hard to fill out because I was confused on what a good example would be. When I was writing them down in my notebook, I felt myself crossing out my answer a lot, especially with the box dealing with reinforcement involving something aversive.
7) I had talked about reinforcement and punishment a little bit in other classes, but I think because they weren’t behavior classes, they didn’t really get as in depth. It was basically just a gloss over so we knew the term.
8) We use reinforcement and punishment everyday. I work customer service so I know that sometimes all it takes is a smile when you are working with an upset person. On the other hand, when my roommate used to leave me angry notes, I knew that I probably shouldn’t do what they were mad about again. Even though we don’t really think about it, we use reinforcement and punishment everyday.
9) This was much more in-depth than what I have learned in my other classes, and although it didn’t change my idea of behavior modification at all, it did make me look at it at a little deeper than I had before. Behavior modification is definitely more complex than I thought.
10) ABCs, Behavior, Consequence, Antecedent, Manipulate, Emit, Desirable, Aversive, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Reinforcement, Punishment

1. What did you find interesting about this section? Why?
I find it interesting how consequential every single behavior is. That literally any behavior emitted causes a reaction and a consequence. I really liked how the ABCs really broke down everything and made it so simplistic. ABCs can really be used in every single situation and could resolve some issues
2. What did you find least interesting? Why?
I skipped over the majority of the examples after the first one because I thought it was really redundant and unnecessary. When it got to the point where I was supposed to create my own I would think of one in my head then just move on.
3. How does this section relate to something you already knew?
I already knew the replacement words like pleasurable and aversive. I knew that positive and negative were direct words that gave a different meaning in behavior modification than using other descriptive words that didn't give such a direct feel.
4. Based on this section, what are two things that can relate to your life?
I can highly relate to the ABCs especially. I have always been the person to put in perspective what someone's antecedent was before their behavior while most people focus on the behavior and the consequence the behavior caused to them. Another thing I can relate to is how certain environments elicit certain behaviors. For example when I am in class I emit a shy and non-talkative behavior while when I am around my friends I am very outgoing.
5. What did you find interesting in this section? Why?
I found it interesting how a reinforcement could cause more of an undesirable feel while a punishment could be a good thing. When I think of a punishment I take it as something bad but really a punishment occurs when the behavior is stopped. I don't necessarily mean all reinforcements are bad but you use positive reinforcements to keep a good behavior going.
6. What did you find least interesting in this section? Why?
What I didn't really care for in this section was that in the previous section we are told to not use "positive" or "negative" and now we are getting new vocabulary words such as "positive valence" or "negative valence." Which I know that points out the specifics but it could get really confusing at one point whether it is a good time to use positive or negative or if I should be using desirable or aversive.
7. How does this section relate to what you already knew?
I remember clearly learning about reinforcement and punishment in Introduction to Psychology. I can distinguish the differences between the two and the differences between the different types of reinforcement and the different types of punishment.
8. What are some things from this section you can relate to?
I relate to reinforcements growing up. When I was very young I was a very picky eater and I loved Barbie dolls. Whenever I tried a new food I got rewarded or reinforced with a new Barbie doll. So my behavior was enhanced and because of that reinforcement I kept trying new food. Another thing I related to was the positive and negative valences. Everyone has things that are appealing and unappealing to them. I really enjoy the taste of pizza. The sound of a fork on a plate is extremely aversive.
9. How did these sections influence your thoughts on what you already knew about behavior modification? How so?
Some things enhanced what I already thought about behavior modification. For example, I knew all about reinforcement and punishment and I was thinking that would be a lot of what we learn about because it shapes our behaviors. I got new information like the ABCs because I didn't necessarily think about antecedents and consequences of behaviors as influencers of the behaviors but that now changes my thoughts to think outside of the box a little bit more.
10. List the terminology you used in your post:
elicit, emit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, punishment, valence

1. I found the topic of the antecedent most interesting in general because it is often not thought about. The examples used (such as telling a joke at a funeral being unacceptable) really kick started a train of thought for me. I don’t think that it is often thought about unless we do something in an unacceptable environment where it is pointed out that it was the wrong time to say/do that.

2. I honestly couldn’t find anything that I thought was uninteresting because the whole concept of the “ABC’s” was new to me. All the examples used and different ways of explaining only helped me understand better which I thought was interesting.

3. This idea related to an earlier class of mine, developmental psychology, but on a much smaller scale. In my previous class, we were shown how actions and consequences in childhood influence our actions as adults, but it was cool to see it on a smaller scale.

4. The topic of the antecedent surprisingly related to my life in a round about way through a cousin of mine who was diagnosed with Asperger’s. For him, the antecedent is not obvious to him, so he often does things that aren’t appropriate for the situation. When his parents try to explain why he says “weird” things to other people, many don’t understand how he couldn’t know that it is wrong to tell a joke at a funeral. For him, he is just trying to be friendly/start a conversation. Another part that relates to my life is the thought that “behaviors exist in the environment they’re in”. This was an idea stated in this section and I believe for some, it can be true. An example for my life would be specifically my boyfriend, who is often much nicer to me in front of my parents than he would be in front of his friends.


5. I found the examples interesting because people often don’t see something as simple as hitting the wall to punish your roommate for playing music too loud, but to the roommate it is still a adverse stimulus, making it a punishment.

6. I didn’t really think anything was uninteresting in these two sections, except I am already pretty familiar with the terms “Reinforcement” and “Punishment” from earlier psychology classes. It wasn’t as interesting to read through because of that, but it was a nice review.


7. The section over reinforcement and punishment related to what I already knew in many different ways. One being from my psychology of personality classes when we discussed different parenting styles. Many times when a child behaves well, parents use reinforcement such as praise to let the child know that what they did is good- making them want to do that behavior again. Punishment when a child is bad, such as taking away their toys if they’re using it to hit their sister, will show the child that they shouldn’t do that action again.

8. One way this related to my life is trying to help potty train my niece when I watch her. When she tells us she has to go and uses the potty she is praised and sometimes given a cookie or something, which makes her want to keep preforming that action. Another way is when my boyfriend does something I don’t like, like changing the channel when I was watching tv, the look I give him makes him realize what he did wrong. The reaction acts as a punishment.


9. I think these two sections supported what I already thought about the class because we are discussing the “bigger picture” on why people behave the way they do

10. Terms used: antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, reinforcement, punishment, environment

1. I found a lot of these interesting about this whole section, but what I found most interesting was the concept of the Antecedent and how that can alter the consequence completely. The whole concept of the ABCs of Behavior Modification really makes it easier to understand and makes it seem so easy to determine a consequence based on its antecedent or vise versa.
2. I didn’t really find anything not interesting in this section because it was all clear and the more I kept reading, the more it made more sense to me on how Behavior modification works. The examples in the section really make it more clear on the concepts. For example, if the antecedent is At a Funeral and you tell a joke, it is not going to be the same reaction of if you are Telling a Joke at a party.
3. This relates to a lot of things that I learned in Social Psychology because we talk about social behavior and social norms occasionally. Talking about the “normal” ways to act in a place and how people react to some behaviors relates to that class.
4. One thing this chapter relates to my life is the lesson my parents taught me about “Wrong place and wrong time”. They would teach me that there are some things you either hold off on saying because it is a negative time for that said person, or that it is a happy moment and you shouldn’t bring up negative comments. Another thing my parents taught me was that a smile could make someone’s day, and that relates because if you smile at someone, the consequence might be that they smile back.
5. The concept I found most interesting in this section is the concept of Self-reinforcement. I never thought about how we could give ourselves a consequence as a result of a behavior. For example, laughing at someone’s joke will result in them telling you more jokes. This is something I never thought about. Another concept I found interesting was positive valence and negative valence.
6. I didn’t really find anything that wasn’t interesting in this chapter. That was very difficult for me to find. The closest thing I can find is the concepts of reinforcers and punishers, but only because I have learned about it in previous classes. So, it was kind of like review.
7. I have learned about reinforcement and punishment in Intro to Psychology and Developmental Psychology. In developmental psychology, I learned about when you are parenting you usually will use punishers and reinforcers to either decrease a behavior or increase a behavior.
8. One example from my life of reinforcement is when my mom complimented me on making dinner for my family and told me how good of a job I did. Because of this compliment, I wanted to cook more for my family. An example of a punisher might be anytime my parents grounded me. If I got in trouble as a kid, I was most likely not going to do it again.
9. This reading has influenced my thinking because it has made me very clear on what behavior modification is and how the process works that I never understood before.
Terms used: Antecedent, consequence, self-reinforcement, reinforcement, punishment, valence

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the part about breaking down behavior modification into ABC’s very interesting. I had never thought about behavior in this way before, and now knowing how it can be broken down I can pay more attention to how the situation is set and the feedback loop in the relationship. I can start to pay attention to it in everyday life. It makes sense that it’s all on a loop and not just linear because nothing in the real world is ever that way. I also really enjoyed all the examples given; they were very helpful in both sections and having to think about them on my own helped them make even more sense. Another thing I found interesting was the way the term consequence was used in this section. In most areas, a consequence is used to refer to an outcome that is bad, but here it means just an outcome in general.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
There wasn’t anything in this section that didn’t interest me. I enjoyed reading about how all the different terms in used in behavior modification and how one thing relates to another.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
One thing I did already know was about how the environment can have a strong impact on behavior. We act in different ways depending on whom or what is around us. However, like I mentioned above, I hadn’t thought to break down the behavior in the form of ABC’s to determine what the consequence of certain behaviors will be, depending on our environment. I also knew that depending on our behavior, there is always an outcome, or in this case, consequence from how we decide to act.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing that relates to my life is the feedback loop of the ABC’s. Without realizing it, I use the ABC’s every day. By behavior is dependent on my environment, and the consequence depends on the behavior. I cycle through it all multiple times a day. Now it’s something I can pay more notice to.
Another thing that relates to my life is how I respond to aversive and pleasurable outcomes. When I emit a certain behavior and have a pleasurable outcome, I usually repeat that behavior. But when an outcome is aversive I definitely try to avoid having that happen again.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the use of the term valance very interesting. Until it was pointed out, I hadn’t given much thought to how we place psychological value on people, places, or things. I had always just thought of certain things as “meaning a lot to me,” but now that I know about valance I will probably give more thought into why certain things “mean more.”
Another thing I found very interesting was how some punishments involve removing something that’s usually pleasurable. Negative punishment is taking away something good so we stop the bad behavior. Negative reinforcement was also a different concept that I found fascinating.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Again, I found this section very fascinating to read. Even though I knew some terms and their uses, I still enjoyed reading up on them again.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had previously learned about the verb, noun, and adjective parts of reinforce and punish and the different meanings they have. I knew that reinforcement is used to increase a behavior, whereas punishment is used to decrease the frequency of a behavior.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing that relates to my life from this section is that reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of a behavior, and punishment decreases it. I use that in my life when I’m trying to make a change. One such example is sitting down and doing my homework in the afternoon instead of getting on social media and wasting time. To increase that behavior I use the reinforcement of allowing myself to get on social media after I’ve worked for a while. If I don’t work on things then I use punishment and don’t allow myself to use it.
Another thing that relates is the desirable and undesirable valence I place on certain people, places, or things. Some things I definitely find more desirable, so I’m more like to engage in a behavior that will result in that consequence. If I don’t like something very much, I’m going to avoid the behavior that resulted in that undesirable thing.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have made me more interested in behavior modification. I didn’t really know what to expect from the course or even what it was about, but now I have a more positive view on the course. I’m interested in what we’ve read about so far and actually don’t dread what else we’ll cover.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Terms: valance, desirable, undesirable, reinforcement, punishment, negative reinforcement, negative punishment, feedback loop, aversive, consequence, pleasurable

I. One thing that I found interesting right away was the description on the ABC’s of behavior modification. The concept is simple and easy to understand but its something I never thought to think about. After reading about it the concepts became very clear, for example understanding how changing the antecedent can quickly lead to a different consequence even if the behavior is the same.

2. I thought overall this chapter was overall pretty interesting, and there wasn’t much that wasn’t interesting. If anything I would say that the boxes go a little more in depth than what was needed but other than that the chapter was very interesting.

3. In the past I have always thought about actions as having a cause and a reaction, which is a little, like the behavior having and antecedent and a consequence. Also in a previous class I learned about positive and negative reinforcement and consequences, which are uses to reinforce behaviors much like the C in the ABS’s, might change or reinforce future behaviors.

4.Whether we notice it or not the ABC’s is something that we are relate to everyday. For example today I woke up early in order to get a good parking spot on campus. If I change the behavior to not waking up early the consequence may be that I don’t get a parking spot. Another way this reading relates to my life is manipulating. Most of us see this as a bad thing but it isn’t always, for example I help the door open for someone and manipulated them to go before me.

5. One thing I found interesting is the topic of reinforcement and punishment; I found this topic to be interesting because it relates to other classes I have taken in the past.

6. Like the first section I felt that everything was pretty interesting but at times things became a little repetitive which lead to me losing interest in the topic.

7. This section relates back to what I learned in my child development and intro to psych class. We learned about operant and classical conditioning. Operant conditioning is in a way like reinforcement and punishment in my opinion.

8. The ideas of punishment and reinforcement is applied to my everyday life. For example my roommate always leaves the light on in his room even when he is gone so when he remembered to turn it off I praised him to reinforce the behavior. On the other hand my other roommate is horrible at doing his dishes so to punish him I put his dishes in his room.

9. These sections have influenced my behavior improving my understanding on how certain topics or components related and affect each other.

10. Operant conditioning, classical conditioning, manipulation, punishment, reinforcement, antecedent, consequences

1.1.
1) One of the first things that really caught my eye in this section was the example of telling a joke. When the antecedent was at a party it wasn’t a big deal, but when the antecedent was at a funeral the entire context changed. The behavior was always telling a joke but the consequence changed dramatically from people laughing to people giving a sour look. I think that this is a great example of how important the antecedent really is and how it can change the overall consequence. I also found it interesting that after a behavior is emit the antecedent and consequence happens just because of this behavior. These were great examples of the ABC’s and really made them interesting and informational to learn.

2) My least favorite thing in this chapter was talking about the manipulation aspect. I think this is because I have always viewed manipulation as a bad thing and now that I am reading about it being a good thing I find it a bit hard to comprehend.

3) In this section, a large portion of it is spent on how behaviors elicit a consequence. I think that this is something we all know to be true. The thing we don’t think about to be involved is the antecedent although this is technically the first thing that happens. In this section, it is also discussed that environments are often the control of our behavior. I find this to be very true because as the examples in the chapter discussed depending on the environment (funeral or party) can make all the difference of the behavior expected.

4) The ABC’s relate to everyday life because it is constantly something that you can’t get away from. Weather you realize you are using the ABC’s or not, we all use them day in and day out. Another way this section relates is how I emit behaviors.

1.2
5) One of the interesting things that I noticed in this section was that punishment doesn’t always have to involve something negative as we often imagine it to be. Also vice versa, reinforcement doesn’t always involve a positive outcome.

6) I had a hard time coming up with something that was uninteresting to me. The only topic I got a bit bored with was the reinforcement and punishment just because I have previously learned about these definitions in other classes.

7) This was kind of covered in my last question, but I knew a lot about the punishment and reinforcement topic before I had read this section. I didn’t know what valence or aversive was before this chapter and they were both fully explained and made very clear throughout the section.

8) A part of this section that relates to my life is the reinforcement. When I was in athletics, anytime you did well in a tournament you got a trophy or metal which is an example of positive reinforcement. Another part of this section is punishment. When you are running the bases in softball but don’t make it to third in time and get called out that is a negative punishment.

9) After reading these sections they have made me want to know more about behavior modification. When I first entered the class I didn’t know what to expect but now that I have started to learn, I want to know so much more about what it has to offer.

10) Antecedent, consequence, behavior, punishment, emit, elicit, environment, manipulate, valence, and aversive.

Section 1.1:
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

I found it interesting that something as simple as the ABC's for behavior is not thought about more during our day to day life. If we were more conscious about them, I feel that we would do things differently because we could be more conscious about the consequences of our actions. People wouldn't be so clueless as to why someone reacted a certain way to them (example: telling a joke at a funeral compared to at a party).

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I couldn't really think of anything that I found boring except one little thing which was that the example boxes were very easy. It would've been nice to start out with easy examples and then gradually become harder for the more complicated situations we experience.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

I already knew that there are things we do and say during certain times and situations because we want to show we are polite and have manners. The ABC's are a simple concept to understand and I pretty much knew them before reading this section, I just didn't have a name for it.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

One way I related to this section was when I was younger my dad always told me there was a time and a place for everything and to be aware of that. As I grew up I learned that there are social norms we all follow and if I break the norm, I would get unpleasant reactions. A second thing I related to was I always think about the consequences of my actions. And when I say always, I really mean it. Growing up I was such a careful kid that I never climbed trees because I could possibly fall and get hurt or I never wandered off and explored new things because I could possibly get lost. Before I even understood my dads term "there's a time and place for everything" I was already very conscious about my actions and their consequences.

Section 1.2:

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

What I found most interesting was the section explaining valence, the value we put on people, places or things. Valence is an excellent tool to use when trying to reinforce or punish a behavior because it helps drive the behavior to whichever direction we want (more or less often). I also thought the section about self-reinforcement was interesting because even though we may do something and others dislike the behavior, we might be trying to reinforce it within ourselves because we like it (The joke telling example in this section). Another example would be this: I want to sing better, so I sing all the time if I believe it sounds good. This would increase my likeliness of singing more often even if people gave me bad looks because they thought my singing was terrible.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I just found the explaining of reinforcement and punishment a bit boring because I already knew this so it was repetitive. Other than that everything was just fine!

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

I already had learned about reinforcement and punishment in other classes but I did not learn about valence or about self-reinforcement.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I can relate to valence because when I was younger if I did something bad, my parents would take away something I liked to decrease my bad behaviors. An example would be if I hit my cousin while playing because she mad me mad, I would be punished by stand in a corner for ten minutes. Also if I did something good, I would be reinforced by something that had valence to me to increase my behavior. An example would be if I studied really hard for a test and I received a good grade, my parents would take me to my favorite restaurant for dinner.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

It has increased my opinion because just on the second day I have already learned things such as antecedents and valence that I can apply to my life today. It's cool to know that when I learn something in this class, I'll be able to use that knowledge.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

ABC's of behavior modification, consequences, antecedents, valence, reinforcement, punishment, self-reinforcement

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

I thought the ABCs were a really simple and effective way of explaining an idea that has been applied all of my life. I have been thinking about consequences of behavior all my life in decision making but have not thought about it scientifically.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I thought the situations and examples became to much and the reading became pretty redundant as the reading was interesting but perhaps overdid it.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

We are talking about the ABCs in my Psychology of personality class. We are talking about Skinner's theories and his school of thought in psychology.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

It leads to understanding of how socialization and culture can leads to behaviors in certain situations. For example in some cultures you might have very somber funerals where fun or joking might have bad consequences and others there could be dancing and fun that is allowed and is more celebratory because that behavior in encouraged and accepted.

An understanding of how environment has an effect on people can really empathize with people and see their point of view better

I will probably use reinforcement when raising my kids because it is an effective way to rear behavior and teach them that is right and wrong.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

Valence was as new term for me in this section and I thought it was interesting to reading about how humans put value in different things and how many things can have value to them and it varies between people

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I thought the reinforcement section was boring and lasted too long. I felt i understood it fairly quickly and most of the section left unneeded for me to read.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

We have talked about punishment and reinforcement in my intro class and my social psychology classes.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I will probably use reinforcement when raising my kids because it is an effective way to rear behavior and teach them that is right and wrong.

Valence explain how people like or don't like certain things and I think you can use that when trying to negotiate or try to market to or persuade people.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

It has made me realize that things that were vague and not recognized by me specifically are actually very thought-out concepts and made me understand them better.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

ABC's, Valence, Punishment, Reinforcement, environment, consequences, antecedents

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found interesting was how all behavior can be broken down into such a simple idea. I always imagined it would be much more complex than three steps. I also found it hard to think of my own behaviors when doing the activity but after some reflection it became easier and easier to see all the little behaviors that are second nature in everyday life.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
So far as this chapter there was nothing I found less interesting. The chapter was very easy to read and simple to understand. I could see where the idea of manipulation could be touchy with people but your explanation was understandable and makes you see how manipulation has both aspects of good and bad.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
This seems to connect well with the previous classes in sociology and ethics I have taken. Sociology talked about social norms and those are just behaviors that have been accepted by your society and are learned by each generation in a society.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The first thing that I notice that would relate to my life is how the environment someone is in can affect their behavior. I’ve noticed some of my friends act completely differently depending on who’s around. With me they may be nicer and with other groups of friends they are more stand offish. Another thing that connects to my life is being able to predict the consequence of a behavior in certain environment. If you emitted the same behavior like language choice that you used in less professional situations like at a bar or hanging out with friends and used I used it at work I would be fired.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the idea of valance interesting. It puts words to the idea of the level of pleasurable or aversive feeling we have towards the things or people around us. Homework may have an aversive valance but failing a class is even more aversive so you do the homework.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
What I found least interesting was the distinction there is between using the words negative and positive. It’s easier to use negative and positive because it is more common in normal speech and it will just take some work to learn to use other forms for the words. I’m sure the distinction will be important later in the class.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had previous knowledge of how to train dogs to do commands. To get a dog to learn to sit you get them to perform the behavior and as a consequence or reinforcer in praise or a treat. Or to get a dog to stop an unwanted behavior you use a punishment as in scolding or removal of a pleasurable valence object like a toy.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
My mother used to use punishment when I acted up using a desirable activity or object. If I did something wrong she would take away tv privileges or playing with friends to stop the behavior. Another thing that related to my life is the psychological valance that I place on objects, people, or things. I place a lot of desirable valance on being around my girlfriend or family but place adverse valance on cleaning around our apartment.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
This reading has given me a better understanding of how consequence of a behavior, being desirable or aversive, can drastically affect the behavior that is being emitted. Also that punishment is not always associated with an aversive action and reinforcement is not always associated with desirable.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

Terms/ Behavior, emitted, consequence, Valence, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcement, reinforcer, punishment, punisher, desirable, environment

AAW
Week 2 assignment: Chapter 1.1 and 1.2
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting that the book mentions that you do not need to know about the ABC’s in order to manipulate someone. I think that it is interesting that manipulation of a person is so second nature to people. I thought I would learn how to manipulate behavior, but it seems I have already started and just didn’t know. I also found it interesting that the antecedent is truly an important part of the ABC’s if the location of where the behavior is not acceptable can change a scenario drastically compared to if the behavior was at an acceptable place. We as people are surrounded by our environment and to know a simple place can change your behavior is fascinating.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I thought the whole Chapter 1.1 was very interesting information. However, after reading the first half of the section I felt like I understood what the material was stating and that there was quite a bit of repetition. I feel like a person could think that there is nothing interesting unless they do not find the chapter interesting. The whole chapter is how the ABC’s influence each other and how one change in any of the ABC’s can change the whole outcome. A small change could make a drastic change in either a pleasurable or aversive way.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
From my introduction to psychology we talked briefly about the ABC’s and what they stood for, A= antecedent, B= behavior, and C= consequence. That was the only thing that I had learned in school, but without the knowledge of another I feel like I knew more about the ABC’s through my own experience in life.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The two things that relate to my life that I read from this section are the environments effects on me and the antecedent. Even before starting this class or knowing anything about the ABC’s I would notice how the environment would change a behavior of an individual. I had a harder time noticing how I acted compared to others. People that I would know would be quite and calm during class time, but on the weekends would be loud an obnoxious. I always wondered how people could behave so differently just in another setting, but after the reading makes sense with the antecedent and consequence. The antecedent has been a struggling factor for me with some of my behaviors. I am a very opinionated person and individualized. I am not keen on following the norms of society, but with the consequences of certain behaviors in certain areas it is hard not to conform to the norms of society.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found that if you want someone to do more of something negative reinforcement will actually decrease the behavior. I had no idea that there were nouns, verbs, and adjectives for reinforce and punishment. I also did not know that during the ABC’s is that people are measuring the probability of something happening or happening again. I never looked at other extremes of punishment that are not human being as being a punisher. For example, the book mentions the cold weather outside is a punishment for not be dressed for the weather. I lastly thought that self-reinforcement was an interesting area. When people think about reinforcement they think about someone else doing the enforcing. I never thought about reinforcing myself.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I did not find that we have words for unpleasant and pleasant things being negative valence and positive valence. I feel like it is pointless to come up with more words that mean the same thing. Our society has provided us with many words and most of the time they mean the same thing. It would be adequate to just have the same word instead of coming up with another word meaning the same thing.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In this section it added on to the idea of the basic ABC’s. Before in chapter 1.1 we learned how the ABC’s worked with their antecedent, behavior, and consequence. In this chapter they expanded on that idea to discuss the probability of something happening when the ABC’s are applied. They focused on the consequences that people deal with and the way things can influence our behavior.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
In coaching I did not notice till reading through this chapter, but that coaches use reinforcements to get their athletes to finish difficult sets. I coach swimming and every year we have a set where it is constant swimming for 2 hours. That might sound easy to some people, but there are sets and times though that swimmers need to meet. To get the swimmers through this rough set we provide them with prizes at the end for those that kept up with the times provided and also food afterwards. The swimmers almost always finish the set with their given times. Another thing that I noticed applies to my life is the self-reinforcement with getting my school work done. After each exam that I have I go out and celebrate if I got a B or higher. If not then I start my next chapters for the class to make sure my next test does not go the same way. I am reinforcing myself to get good grades and reward myself for a good job done or punish myself for failing.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I originally thought that behavior was just focused on how people can manipulate others. However, there is much more to behavior modification that I think many people are oblivious too. I think most people do not think about the factors of weather or any element that is not a person. Along with a person not realizing that they are reinforcing themselves through their lives. I think if people would know more about behavior modification people could improve their lives, but could also destroy it. I also, thought that behavior modification was to work to someone’s advantage, but as I stated above someone can use it to modify their life to be more productive or anything. Behavior modification seems to be a more useful in our lives then I thought it to be.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Terminology: ABC’s, antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, negative reinforcement, valence, ordinarily pleasurable, and ordinarily aversive.

1. The ABC’s of behavior modification. It pointed out that we don’t notice the ABC’s in our daily lives, but what makes that of interest is that understanding the a (antecedents), and c (consequences) we can control behavior.
I also liked the idea, although obvious, that performing the same behavior in different circumstances produces a completely different consequences, as well as the fact that the environment also has an impact on behavior.

2.) I thought it was really helpful to do a lot of fill in the blanks for the ABC’s, but after doing several sets of three it started to get repetitive. I think it was still helpful, but it definitely got less interesting after doing it several times.

3.) This section related to my Intro to Psychology class that I took last year, because it was one of the first concepts that we learned in the course.

4.) I would say this section relates to my life because you can always learn from your mistakes (consequences), which will most likely change your behavior. It also can relate to my life because the antecedents can also lead to the outcome of your behavior. The time and location can play a major role on how you act in the moment.

5.) I liked learning about natural reinforcement, that smiling or waving at someone will cause them to smile or wave back without thinking about it. I thought this was very interesting that we do these behaviors daily without realizing that it’s happening.

6.) One thing that I noticed that I disliked about this section was the fact that it felt like a lot of information all at once. I had to read through the section on self-reinforcement. It seemed simple to understand but for some reason I struggled to retain the information.

7.) Before I read these sections I thought behavior modification was such a simple thing. I thought it was basically just changing someones behavior. I did not think there was so much terminology and so much to it. It makes me really excited to learn all about behavior modification. I am very excited for this semester.

8.) One example of this section that relates to my everyday life is when my friends are reinforcers and give me reinforcement that I am a hard worker. This pushes me to strive more in order to achieve success and receive more pleasurable compliments. The exact opposite event would consist of when I forget to do my homework and my punishment is me not getting the grade I want on that assignment.

9.) I've been pleasantly surprised to see that the topic is more about understanding the psychological aspects behind actions and the corresponding consequences in reaction to the initial behavior. I have converted my interest into more curiosity which I am excited to continue to discover.

10.) Antecedents, consequences, environment, behavior, reinforcement, self-reinforcement, reinforcers, punishment, pleasurable, ABC's

1. I found the whole concept of the ABC’s of behavior interesting. I liked how you could set up the Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence and figure out the outcomes of each when you have only select information. It was more difficult to figure out the antecedent than it was to figure out the behavior and consequence. I thought it was interesting how when the antecedent changes and the behavior are kept the same but the consequence will change as well. Such as the example of being at a party, telling a joke, and people laugh, but when you change the fact that you’re at a funeral instead of a party then the consequence will change and people will give you a sour look. The breakdown of the ABC’s is a great way to learn how the process works and how it is all interconnected.
2. I really did not find anything about the section that I did not like. I thought it was all really relevant to the section. I saw that some of the other students did not like the examples given but I personally think that the simple examples helped me understand the concepts because they are new to me so if he used more intricate examples I would have been confused.
3. Since I have no knowledge about this specific class I will take what I know from previous classes. However, from just general knowledge I know that the behaviors you do will affect the consequences after the behaviors. We also use this every day in every situation so much so that we do not even recognize this process.
4. Two things that I read from this section that I can relate to life is the whole process of how behaviors directly affect our consequences. We all go through this constantly on a daily basis such as when I keep putting off going running and eventually and then have to run in the dark and I get nervous. Another way that I can relate this to my life is situations such as when I am doing homework, I sometimes will take a quiz and not read my book beforehand and I still receive a good grade, however sometimes that will backfire on me and if I do not read then I will do poorly and wish I would have read instead of being lazy.
5. I found this section much more interesting than the first section because it expanded more on the ABC’s and it focused more on reinforcement and punishment. Obviously just like the ABC’s we use reinforcements and punishments unknowingly every day. However, we are much more aware when we consciously reinforce or punish a behavior. We do it to manipulate others into doing a certain behavior that we like or dislike. Also I did not know the terms positive and negative valence. Positive valence is qualities which are pleasant, desirable, or attracting. Negative valence is qualities which are unpleasant, undesirable, or aversive. My favorite part of the section was about self-reinforcement because it is something that I have to do at times to give be the ability to continue doing something that is hard for me sometimes such as working out. I found it interesting that there was a naturally occurring reinforcement and punishment and a reinforcement and punishment procedure.
6. The thing that I found least interesting was the fact that the section repeated itself many times which I know is to get it in our minds but it was very repetitive. I wished that there had been a few more examples instead of fill in the blank so I could see more of the process than the trying to do it myself.
7. This section relates to what I already know and learned previously because the section before just discussed the basics of the ABC’s and this is just building on that foundation. I did not think about the fact that we have reinforcement and punishment procedure and a reinforcement and punishment that naturally occur although we do them without thinking. From the previous section we learned that the ABC’s is not a linear process and that is something that continues into this section as well.
8. How I can relate this to my life is in the instance of moving out of my home with my parents and living with roommates in my apartment. I am sure everyone had probably gone through the situation of living with people that do not exactly have the same attitudes about cleanliness as you. I however am an extremely clean person and dirty dishes that are left in the sink are my downfall. So my roommates do not like to clean their dishes and leave them there so instead of cleaning them for them I started to leave them in the sink specifically so they would have to clean them themselves. I was trying to use a punishment procedure by leaving them in there because it was aversive for them to see all their dirty dishes! Another way that I can relate this to my life is trying to train my dogs. I set up a bell for my dogs to ring when they need to be let out to use the bathroom and when they ring the bell they get let out and praise. Ever since they were puppies they learned this and they were constantly reinforced for doing the behavior of ringing the bell (instead of scratching the door or barking) and then they are let out and praised for doing what they should.
9. These reading sections have influenced what I originally thought of behavior modification by giving me the basic knowledge of the ABC’s and how basic behaviors and consequences are acted out. Thinking specifically about simple behaviors have helped me gain a basic understanding and building on that reinforcement and punishment were introduced to this process as well.
10. ABC’s, antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, punishment, positive valence, negative valence, self-reinforcement, naturally occurring reinforcement/punishment, reinforcement/punishment procedures, aversive, praise.

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting that one of the most important concepts in understanding behavior modification is in fact fairly simple. The fact the some of the most famous behaviorists such as B.F. Skinner believe that almost all behavior can be broken down into the ABC components (Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence) or three simple components. I also found it very easy to follow these components and to understand the ABC concept.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I honestly found most of it pretty interesting. If anything, some of the examples were a little boring – but examples can’t always be fascinating. For example, the “raised hand” set of examples got the point across, but was a little monotonous at that point of the reading.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously? 
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had learned previously that behaviors produce a consequence however the antecedent portion was new to me (or at least with that term.) Another concept that I had discussed in previous classes is that manipulation is not always a negative process.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Obviously I emit behaviors therefore most of the section can relate to or be applicable to my own life. I experience antecedents, emit behaviors, and live with the consequences, whether they end up positive or negative. I think something that is also relatable to my life is the fact that manipulation isn’t necessarily a negative thing. I can definitely say that I have used negotiation, persuasion, and ultimately manipulation to benefit from the behaviors and consequences of others’ behaviors.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Overall I found this section less interesting than the previous section because I was familiar with the concepts of reinforcement and punishment. However, I did find the comparison between the verb, noun, and adjective form of each word interesting (punishment, punisher, and punishing/reinforcement, reinforce, reinforcing.) I think this was interesting becomes sometimes these difference forms can get confusing and I really liked how this section broke each form of the term apart and made it easy to understand.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously? 
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had definitely learned about reinforcement and punishment in several other psych courses. There have been multiple experiments throughout history that either use reinforcement or punishment to either encourage or discourage a behavior. Some examples of these are Skinner’s Box and Pavlov’s study of dogs.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Throughout my childhood my parents used reinforcement and punishment techniques in order to help me learn how to behave in a desirable way. I will say my parents used more reinforcement than punishment, however the schools I went to were more punishment-focused. Another aspect that could relate to my life would be the fact that I have used self-reinforcement, especially in my adult life. I have had to give myself reinforcement for hard work, good studying habits, or even working out. Usually this reinforcement presents itself in either a movie with friends, eating that piece of chocolate cake, or just taking a nap!

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have given me a better foundation for what behavior modification is. I have learned some of the more basic concepts, including the ABC’s and the concepts of reinforcing and punishing, which have helped me to understand the root of behavior modification. I have also learned more about how this class can not only help me understanding behavior modification in other people, but also how I could use behavior modification to improve my life or how I can elicit desired behaviors.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
- Antecedent
- Behavior
- Consequence
- Emit
- Elicit
- Manipulation
- Reinforcement, Reinforcer, Reinforcing
- Punishment, Punisher, Punishing
- Behavior Modification
- Self-reinforcement

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
What I found most interesting this section was how simple it seems to be able to modify someone’s behavior. Originally, I thought it was going to be more complicated than the ABC’s of Behavior Modification. I liked how the writing was easy to understand. Some textbooks write in a way where I have to reread it numerous times before I understand it. With this book I did not have to do that.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
One thing I did not like in this section was the examples used in the first section. They were really simple and easy to figure out. I understand that it is the first section, but I felt after a while more complexed examples could have been used to show less straight forward antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
This reminds me a lot to my former job at four oaks. We had to teach the children there that every behavior had a certain time and place and would get a different reaction. I just didn’t realize that it was as simple to emit the chosen behaviors as the book described it to be.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
As I stated above, learning how to change someone’s behavior relates to my past workings at Four Oaks. Even though I have never actually realized it, I used the ABC’s every single day. Growing up, I heard constantly from my dad that every action has a reaction, some positive and negative. When I read this section that was all I could think about, and how right he actually was; even if I never believed it growing up.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I enjoyed that this section explained very clearly the differences between reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing and also the same with punishment, punishing and punisher. The examples really helped my understanding of the difference.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The thing I disliked the most about this section was that there was so many fill in the blanks. I understand that this is to help us come up with examples ourselves, but I felt there should have been more examples to help us better understand it before trying it ourselves. Besides this, there wasn’t anything else I did not like, or find least interesting.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I am a psychology major, so I have heard a lot about reinforcement and punishment. When I think of reinforcement I think of Pavlov’s dogs and how they were reinforced to salivate when they heard the bell ring, because they learned to expect the positive stimulus of food. This was an example of a reinforcement procedure. I also remember learning about a study using rats where these rats were electrocuted if they did not pull the correct lever. This would be an aversive punishment.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The example of not wearing your coat in the winter causes the consequence of being cold fits into my life. My mom would always tell me to wear my coat when it was cold out and if I wouldn’t she would tell me that I should have listened to her. So, when I didn’t wear my coat I was reinforcing wearing my coat.
I self-reinforce myself on a daily basis. I tell myself if I get all of my homework and readings done, then I can watch Netflix, but if I do not get my work done, I cannot watch Netflix which is the consequence for not managing my time more wisely.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I just thought there was punishment and reinforcement. Punishment meant something negative happened to you, like something was taken away and reinforcement meant something good happened, like we get a reward for a job well done. I did not realize that there is negative punishment and negative reinforcement.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
ABC’s of Behavior Modification, antecedents, behaviors, and consequences, emit, behaviors, reinforcing, reinforcement, reinforcer, punishment, punishing and punisher, reinforcement procedure, aversive, self-reinforce, negative punishment, negative reinforcement,

1) I found learning about antecedents was very interesting in this section. Very few people notice why you do what you do. The whole idea of the ABC’s is very intriguing and is easy to remember with that acronym. It made me think about certain things I do in my day to day life and what the reasons and consequences are to my actions.

2) I found pretty much everything interesting in this section. The only thing I can think of that I did not like was the amount of antecedent, behavior, and consequence examples because it seemed to be the same things over and over again.

3) Surprisingly this section related to a lot of previous material I learned in the past. Everything we do has a consequence that can be good or bad. Many of people don’t think about how each action happens for a reason like a chain.

4) The first thing I thought of while reading this chapter was about manipulating my siblings. I am the oldest of 7 siblings so manipulating them could come in handy. Another thing I could relate my life to while reading this chapter was everything leading to consequences. Thinking about it, everything I did today had a consequence and I had a reason for doing it.

5) In this section I thought learning about valence was interesting. I don’t believe I have heard about valence before. It’s weird because valence is in everyone’s day to day life but there aren’t a lot of people who seem to know what it actually is.

6) I found the reinforcement and punishment part of this section least interesting because I am pretty sure I’ve learned that in almost every single psychology class I have taken. It is just repetitive and every time I have to read about it I get bored right away.

7) I relearned about reinforcement and punishment again. In my previous answer expressed how reinforcement and punishment is in almost every single psychology class.

8)From this section I can relate the reinforcement to my life. A specific example is in my past when I was able to do things I liked as long as I got certain chores done. It actually happens all the time with almost everything. People can change our behaviors they don’t even realize it. Another thing I can relate to my life is the self-reinforcement. There are many people I know who tell their own jokes they think are funny but they really aren’t and they tell them anyways.

9) Reading these sections influenced what I originally thought about behavior modification because I learned there is a lot more to it than just reinforcement and punishment which has been drilled into my head. There are things like valence and self-reinforcement that go into play with behaviors.

10) Consequence, self-reinforcement, valence, reinforcement, punishment, antecedent, ABC’s, behavior, behavior modification, manipulating

1) In section 1.1 I found the basic concepts of the ABC’s interesting. Like most things in psychology once a concept is layed out, it makes total sense and you can apply it to many things in life but until it is layed out it is often not thought about. Of course something happens before a behavior, antecedent, and after a behavior, consequence, but I have never thought about how simple learning to identify these things might help me be able to change my behavior.
2) I did not find anything in this chapter to be uninteresting. I think all of this information is completely important because even the small thing such as learning the terminology we will use throughout the semester is important to understanding the larger concepts behind the class.
3) I learned about how negative and positive are used in motivation and emotion. I think that if these were the definitions were the ones we taught children it would be much more logical and it would help them describe things that are happening to them.
4) I can relate to the part of the book that reminds us that manipulation is not always a bad thing even though it has a bad connotation. I mostly related to the fact that in most day to day life we are unaware of the ABC’s. I do not take into account my settings and the choices I chose to make because I am in these settings, or what will happen because of these choices but I should because a little bit of thought might improve the choices and consequences I encounter.
5) I found the self-reinforcement section to be the most interesting because sometimes no matter what the world is telling us we choose to ignore it and it makes sense in the context that this happens when the world is telling us something we don’t want to hear.
6) I found the section on valence least interesting because it does not make sense to me that terms would be introduced and then choose not to use them again even though I understand why this was necessary.
7) This section further explained how positive and negative apply to this course and it also gave examples. I think for the people who have not yet taken motivation and emotion or behavior modification these examples are essential to understanding their meaning.
8) I think the section about how people keep telling jokes because they are self-reassuring relates well to my life because I am not entirely sure that I am as funny as I think I am. Also the section about giving your roommate positive reinforcements when you want to encourage them to do the dishes relates to my life because that is something I have used in the past.
9) I think breaking behavior modification down to such a simple thing such as the ABC’s and building on that idea will allow this class to build up to what I am expecting it to be.
10) Antecedent, behavior, consequence, positive, negative, manipulation, self-reinforcement, valence, behavior modification, positive reinforcements,

1). I think learning about how the environment impacts our behavior was the most interesting part of the text. The examples and the way the text had you interacting with what it was teaching you was interesting to me as well. It made relearning something that I had already learned about a little more interesting and it was a really good way to learn and review the text.

2). Although I didn’t find this to be that interesting of a section because I have already learned about these topics. I found reading about the basic part to learning the ABC’s to be the least interesting because I have learned about them before so I already knew most of the things that I was reading about.

3). Section 1.1 was pretty much all just review for me for a class that I took during high school. It was interesting to see the ways that this text explained the topic compared to the way I learned it in high school. The information was all very similar but the way it was explained was very different.

4). I think the ABC’s in general is a very important part that relates to my day-to-day life. I work at a daycare and watching for certain situations and the behavior of the children that I am working with is important so I can change the antecedent before the behavior and the consequence happen. This is important in helping the young children learn right from wrong. I also think the manipulation topic can also be related to my life in the same ways as the ABC’s because it helps the children that I work with learn.

5). I found learning about valence and reinforcement to be interesting. Valence is not something that I knew a lot about before so reading about it helped my understanding of it. I also think just learning more about reinforcement is interesting in any form, because I like to learn different ways to use it and it is something that I can use in my day to day life and apply to my life now.

6). I don’t know if I would say that anything in this section was least interesting but I would say it was redundant to things I have already learned. Relearning information that I have learned in multiple other classes gets boring and that is why I would say that was the least interesting part of this section.

7). Section 1.2 was still mostly just review for me as well but there were some topics that were new to me. It relates to what I already knew because I learned a lot about these topics in introduction to psychology and developmental psychology. The way the child develops has a lot to do with the way the child is raised. The way a child is raised deals with reinforcement and punishment.

8). In my day-to-day life I work at a daycare like I mentioned before and reinforcement and punishment are a major part of that. Those to things help teach the kids how to behave and what is good and what is bad. The children that I work with are ages 2-6 so these children are still figuring out a lot of rights and wrongs. It is important to know when to use certain techniques and when to use a punishment. It is also important to know when and how to reinforce a child for doing good things and for doing bad things.

9). I originally didn’t think that I knew much about behavior modification and now that I have read these sections I realize that I know more about it that I thought I did. I think this class is going to be interesting and it will be a class that I actually enjoy reading for because it is information that I can relate and apply to my daily life.

10). Reinforcement, punishment, valence, antecedent, behavior, consequence, environment

1.1
1)I found the whole section interesting because it has helped me to appreciate the importance of the ABC when displaying a behavior. I also enjoyed the fact that the same behavior can have different consequences depending on the antecedent because that is the one which sets the occasion.
2) I did not find anything on this section that I did not like or enjoy, the whole section was really good and full of useful information.
3) In other classes I have learned about how important behavior is and how the behaviors we emit have different reactions in other people sometimes pleasurable reactions, sometimes aversive ones. I also knew from other classes that every behavior we emit has a consequence that will increase or decrease the frequency of that behavior.
4) The first thing that relates to my life is the type of consequence. Every time I get a pleasurable consequence due to the behavior I have emitted I feel happy and I keep doing it in future similar situations. However, when I get an aversive consequence I know that I have made a mistake and it helps me not to display that behavior in any future similar situation.
The second thing that relates to my life is the ABC behavior. Every single behavior I display everyday follows this pattern because depending on the antecedent I emit a specific behavior that I think is the appropriate one; then, depending on the kind of consequence I display that same behavior more or less often in that same situation or in similar ones in the future.
1.2
5) From this section I liked Reinforcement and Punishment. I liked that reinforcers can be positive but they can also be negative depending on if you want a behavior to occur more or less likely. I also found interesting and useful the examples to make it easier to understand the concepts.
6) I did not like that much self-reinforcement because I found it a little bit confused so I could not understand it well.
7) I already knew about Reinforcement and Punishment but it was a good help to remember that reinforce can also be negative. I also knew from other classes that reinforcers and punishers are used to increase or decrease how often we emit a behavior.
8) The first thing that relates to my life is Reinforcement and Punishment. They are part of my day because I am always in contact with people and I did not even realize it until I read this section and I had to fill out the examples. I use generally reinforcers for adults and both, reinforcers and punishers, when dealing with children.
The second thing that relates to my life and this section has helped me to see it is the valence. For everything and everyone I have different feelings that come to me when thinking on them or when seeing that people or being in those places, sometimes pleasurable ones, sometimes aversive ones. It is something that occurs automatically so I never paid attention to it.
9) These readings have changed my thoughts about Reinforcement. I have always associated it as something that happens as a result of an interaction between people. However, these readings had helped me to see that it can also be used for feelings so an interaction does not always have to take place for Reinforcement to occur.
10) Terms and terminology used: Antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, elicit, functions, emit, reinforcement, punishment, reinforcers, punishers, self-reinforcement, valence.

The ABC of behavior

1 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? I like the A, B, C’s because it makes it simple to understand and it makes me eager to apply these concepts.
2) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? I honestly can’t say I disliked anything; I am very interested in all of it.
3 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? a) Once you know the antecedent and the consequence, the types of behaviors become much more predictable.
b) manipulation is not necessarily a bad thing. c) The environment has a strong impact on behavior.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
4 a&b) What was one thing that you really liked that was in the section? Why? I enjoyed learning about reinforcement because I want to be able to use it in my day to day life.
5) What was one thing that you disliked (or liked least) that was in the section? Why? I might forget all of the different terms when instead of using valence we will be using pleasurable and desirable.
6 a,b&c) What are three things you will remember from what you read in the section? Why? a) When the consequence of a behavior is reinforcing, the future probability of the behavior occurring under the same circumstances will increase b) Reinforcement can involve something aversive c) Valence refers to the psychological value placed on a person, place or thing.
7) Prior to reading these sections, what did you think about behavior modification? Why? I thought it would be much more complicated, but this is explained very well.
8) How has reading these sections changed what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? I hadn’t really given it much thought, so once I read more about it I realized that this could help me in many ways, to change behavior in myself and others that I don’t like.
9) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post.
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence
Valence
Pleasurable
Desirable

What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

I really enjoyed learning about the ABCs, antecedents, behaviors, and consequences. It really helps put our complex behavior into very simple terms. It explains why we emit certain behaviors.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I guess the least interesting part was when it was explaining that certain circumstances can bring about pleasurable or averse consequences, purely because that seems obvious already and an explanation wasn't needed.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

I already knew that behaviors are not habits with no explanation. There is always a cause and effect.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I have learned from this section that most behaviors can be relatively easy to change if the ABCs are applied. It brings together the questions and answers for why you do or do not engage in that behavior, and can therefore be used to change that behavior. I also learned that I should not tell a joke at a funeral, and should save those for parties.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I enjoyed the part where it told examples of how to apply reinforcement and punishment in real life, because that can come in very handy with my roommate (who also happens to be my girlfriend).

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I found the beginning to be least interesting because it seemed to drag on and restate itself over and over again.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

I have already learned quite a bit about reinforcement and punishment, I am a senior psychology major. I know all about positive and negative reinforcement and punishment.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I learned that we can either encourage or discourage behavior through reinforcement or punishment, and that I can even apply those principles to myself to change my own behavior. I also learned that I find that reinforcement is more affective than punishment.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

I used to think that punishment would work better than reinforcement, but after reading this I feel it may be the opposite. Now I am leaning towards the opinion that we will respond better to things we find pleasurable.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
antecedent
behavior
consequence
emit
pleasurable
averse
reinforcement
punishment
positive
negative

1.1
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found interesting the fact that the ABCs are not Linear, but they are all connected and have a feedback. I would have thought before that the consequence didn’t affect the antecedent, but it does from one situation to another.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found less interesting all the examples on the boxes because they were a little repetitive.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In almost all the psychology classes I’ve taken so far they talk about how the way we interact can have one consequence or another. Actually in one of my classes today we talked about how we can get people to smile at us when we smile at them. Without talking deeply about the antecedents, a nice behavior toward someone will probably lead to a nice consequence as well.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I really like making people happy so I think this section is related with what I just mention; it doesn’t really take that much effort to me to smile at my friends all the time, and most of the times I get a smile back. Also something I could relate to myself is the fact that when we are little our parents teach us how to behave in different circumstances, for example it wasn’t the same when we were playing in the park, than when we had a family meal.
1.2
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Even though everything sounded familiar to me, the most interesting thing was the fact that there are some reinforcers that can occur naturally or they can be used with a reinforcement procedure. As the example I mentioned before without knowing what it was, and suddenly appeared in this section, smiling happens to be a natural reinforcer.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I wouldn’t say I consider it less interesting, but a little confusing. I got all those terms a little mixed up. But it was good that there was an example for every different situation.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I had previously read about everything mention in this section, but in a different language, so it is a challenge for me to connect what I already knew with this chapter. I still find so interesting the ways we get to learn new things simply by acting out and looking for good consequences, or avoiding the bad ones.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
When I was little I used to bite my nails a lot, and they got so short that they hurt a lot, even to touch stuff. So gradually I stopped doing it so they wouldn’t hurt. Now I can relate this situation to the negative reinforcement. Another situation I can think about is how my parents always praised me when I got good grades in school so I was really motivated to do well. I don’t think they had knowledge that they were reinforcing my good study behavior by praising me. On the other hand, if I got a bad grade I got a punishment, like taking away my favorite toy.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
In my experience I have noticed that most people experience what we talked about in this section without even knowing it. From now I will try to stop for a minute every day and think about what have I done right and what have I done wrong, and also what could have I done better, so I can reinforce myself on the good things and keep improving my behavior.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Behavior modification, ABCs, antecedent, consequence, reinforcement, motivated, punishment.

BNC

Section 1.1
1.What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I thought it was interesting how they named the book ‘The ABCs of Behavior Modification.’ The reading stated how knowing about the ABCs is pretty powerful, that’s the reasoning behind the name of the book. I think this is interesting because it’s a great way that breaks down behavior modification meaning Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence. I also found it interesting how we can start to control behaviors once we can control the other two.

2.What did you find least interesting? Why?
I thought this chapter was overall pretty interesting and did a very good job at keeping it interesting and connected well with the reader. I enjoy this topic area of psychology.

3.How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my previous developmental psychology we went over this section a lot and dug deep into the different scenarios of the ABCs. It seems to be more of a review in this section of the book which is always nice to go over and refresh.

4.Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Reading about how depending on the antecedent, similar behaviors can result in different consequences. I see this relate to my life in a variety of ways. For example saying something towards my friends in comparison to my family members may result in a different consequence depending on the circumstance. Another thing that relates is how the environment has a strong impact on behavior; I think we can all relate to this.

Section 1.2
5.What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I have never heard of desirable outcome referred to as reinforcers. I find this interesting because it’s using a positive valence and attracting what your heart desires. You want those desires so it makes sense that it would associate with the reinforcement procedure to increase it. That’s pretty neat.

6.What did you find least interesting? Why?
I didn’t find the whole reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing along with punishment, punisher, and punishing all representing a verb, noun and an adjective. This wasn’t very interesting to read about because I know that they are all similar to each other without reading about it.

7.How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In past psychology courses we have always gone over positive and negative punishment and reinforcement. This section seemed to be mainly a review from that. And like I said earlier isn’t a bad thing.

8.Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
This is seen in every aspect of like as well. I praise my roommates when they take the trash out on garbage day. This then causes the same circumstances to increase. I am then punisher when I am nannying for the family. I can say a punishment and once it is taking place it causes that future behavior to decrease.

9.How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
Most of what was covered in these two sections have been materials already covered in previous classes. These topics have not influenced what I originally thought about behavior modification. I suppose one thing that may have changed my thought was how we can start to control the behavior. I feel as though throughout the semester I will begin to recognize some of the behaviors in my own life and how to either control by increase or decrease the change.

10.Once you are done with your post make list of terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Antecedents. Behaviors. Consequences. Punishment. Reinforcement. Desirable. Positive Valence.

1) In this section, the thing I found the most interesting was even though you can be emitting the same behaviors the consequence will be different depending on the antecedent. While it seems like common sense after doing the reading it was really interesting to me while I was reading because I had never really given thought to it before. For example, the activity in the reading where it gave you the same behavior "raised hand", gave you different antecedents, and then you had to come up with the consequence was intriguing to me because my brain could automatically come up with the consequence. I also thought it was interesting that when you were given different antecedents, but the same consequence I could easily predict what behavior was emitted.
2) In all honesty I found this whole section interesting. I have never really heard this information, or even given it much thought, so it was fun to read. This section really got me thinking about the behaviors I emit on a day to day basis, and got me excited to learn how to elicit behaviors!
3) I cannot really relate this to any of my other classes. In a couple of my lectures last year the professor would briefly mention something about changing behaviors, but then would just say if we wanted to learn more about it to take behavior modification. (Here I am!) While I have discussed in other psychology classes behaviors that individuals elicit, I have never learned anything about the ABC's. I was an accounting major before I switched to psychology, so I have not taken many classes concerning the human behavioral sciences.
4) I think I unknowingly use the ABC's often on people (mostly certain friends). I really like to observe/analyze my friends, so I often will predict future behaviors by figuring out what caused them to do something, and then thinking about what happened after guess if they will do it again or not. Another way I can relate this is I often tell jokes, but depending on who I am with I may not tell a certain joke. The consequence is that the person could get really offended by the joke, so I have to be careful sometimes who I am saying a certain joke.
5) I found it interesting that on a daily basis I am using reinforcement and punishments to increase and decrease behaviors without always realizing I am doing so. This reading makes me want to try these techniques on my roommates at my apartment, so they stop doing things that annoy me to no end.
6) Once again I did not find this section uninteresting. These terms always confused me in introduction to psychology, so I liked this reading because I feel like it went into more depth in explaining what each thing meant. I definitely have a better understanding of the difference between reinforcement-reinforcer-reinforcing/punishment-punisher-punishing now.
7) This section reminded me of things I had learned in my introduction to psychology class. (Operant Conditioning) I remember learning that you could use positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement to elicit behaviors. I forget what class it was, but one of my psychology classes last year drilled it into my head that a consequence is not something bad it simply is just whatever ends up happening in a situation.
8) One thing that related to my life was the example of a father tapping his daughter's head when she bit her nails. My roommate bites her nails, and I have been trying to make her stop. I will have to think of a punisher to hopefully decrease that behavior from happening as often. Another thing that I could relate to my life is that I self-reinforce my self all the time when it comes to telling jokes. I think my jokes are funny, so I laugh and continue to tell them. My friends are always just laughing at me because they think it is funny that I think my jokes are funny even though they say they are really bad.
9) Even though I still do not believe it is easy to change a behavior, I did not originally think behaviors were so predictable. If you know what usually comes before the behavior (antecedent), you know what happens after the behavior (consequence), it makes it a lot easier to manipulate what happens in-between (behavior). I also never really thought about how on a day to day basis I am using reinforcers/punishers not only for my own behaviors, but for the people around me as well.
Terminology: antecedent, behavior, consequence, emit, elicit, reinforcer, punisher, self-reinforcing, operant conditioning, positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement

HNS
Section 1.1
1.) What I thought was interesting about this section was taking into consideration how antecedents play a big role in the behaviors we emit. I say this because, as this section pointed out, we are generally unaware of many of the behaviors we emit during the day and we sometimes don't even become aware unless there's a bigger consequence as a result of the behavior. I don't think we ever really take into consideration, though, how certain environments and people can elicit us to emit situation-specific behaviors. So, I thought that perspective was very interesting.

2.) There wasn't really anything I found uninteresting. This was an easy read and there were a lot of good examples to help the reader to better understand the relevance of the ABC's.

3.) I think in comparison to previous psychology classes I've taken, this section offers a new perspective on behavior modification and the ways in which behaviors are reinforced or not. So, I enjoyed being given a new way to sort of look at it.

4.) One way this section certainly relates to my life is just the simple fact that I emit a ton of behaviors every single day. And there are certain events, environments, people, etc., that play a role in eliciting what behaviors I do choose to emit. It's also relevant to my life in terms of thinking about aversive or pleasurable responses because those do play a huge role in how I choose to act. I am very receptive to other people and how they're responding to me, and I will say that people's response to me plays a role in my perception of what's appropriate or not in terms of behaviors in a given situation.

Section 1.2
5.) What I found interesting about this section was reading about self-reinforcement because it's so relevant in my life. I am a goal oriented person, but some goals are certainly harder for me to achieve than others. That being said, I have to use different self-reinforcers all the time to achieve certain goals. Especially because for certain goals, you can't really rely on others to reinforce you because some goals are personal and it's not always up to others to make sure you're achieving your goals.

6.) What I found least interesting about this section was reading about the general information about punishment and reinforcement. I say this because as a psychology student, I feel like these concepts have been drilled into me a hundred times before. Negative/positive reinforcement/punishment is something I learned about years ago in my first psychology class so that information was relatively dry and monotonous to me.

7.) Much of this information was very similar, if not exactly the same as information I've learned in previous classes. Much of this section was focused on Reinforcement and punishment and how they're designed to either encourage a behavior to continue, or encourage a behavior to stop. This was all pretty much information I've learned previously.

8.) This is obviously relevant to my life in many ways. One, as I said before, was the idea of self-reinforcement because I have to use this all the time to achieve even the simplest everyday goals. I sometimes have to tell myself I'll reward myself with something even if I just find the motivation to go grocery shopping. This was also relevant to my life because of the idea of reinforcement/punishment. There are tons of behaviors I emit on a daily basis and there are also a ton of consequences that play a huge role in whether or not I choose to emit those behaviors again. Those consequences may also just influence who I choose to emit what behaviors around.

9.) Reading these sections has influenced what I originally thought about behavior modification in the sense that it has made me realize that there's a lot more to it than I would have thought. There's more to it than just the idea of punishment and reinforcement. I think it was very valuable to consider the role of antecedents in everyday behaviors.

TERMS: Antecedents, behaviors, consequences, positive/negative, reinforcement, punishment, emit, elicit, self-reinforcement, behavior modification, aversive responses, pleasurable responses.

1.1
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the information about the antecedents, behaviors and consequences to be the most interesting. It's amazing how much I can apply my life to this concept and how I can think back on my actions even today and consider what my behaviors were based on my surroundings. I like being able to think about other people and what surroundings do to their behaviors as well.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I didn't enjoy thinking about manipulating other people. I don't like the idea of being in control on that way; maybe psychology isn't for me after all! Truly, though, I feel that people can be manipulated in good ways but mostly I think of the bad ways and I don't like seeing that happen.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
I knew that behavior could be controlled in certain ways. I had never learned about antecedents, however, now everything makes a lot of sense. I can plug in information from past experiments from people like Pavlov and observe different situations and how consequences come from behaviors and behaviors come from surroundings.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The biggest thing that relates to my life is that the environment has an impact on my behavior. I know that where I'm at affects how I act. The people I'm around affect how I act and the things that we're doing, I'm more comfortable with some people than with others. Another thing that relates to my life is that as much as I didn't want to admit it, manipulation is not necessarily a bad thing and can be a very good thing in some cases. I work at Bremwood and after I think about it, we can manipulate even when we don't mean to.
1.2
5) What did you find interesting in this section? Why?
I found the information about reinforcing to be the most interesting. I enjoy considering what we can do in order to control situations and increase positive behaviors as well as decrease the negative behaviors.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I'd say I found the information about reinforcement, reinforcer and reinforcing the least interesting. I know they're important but I've known a little bit about the topic from previous classes and it didn't hook my attention this time around.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?

I learned a lot about reinforcement in previous classes and I have done an experiment having to do with reinforcing positive behavior in my dog. I taught my dog how to high five using treats and rewards. It was a simple experiment that worked well.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

The biggest thing that relates to my life without me even realizing it would be the concept behind positive and negative valence. I didn't realize how simple those things were and how easy it was to come up with examples of each and plus examples of things from my life into it. The next thing would be self-reinforcement. I use that a lot without even realizing it. I will self-reinforce my own behavior if I tell a joke and think it's funny.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

Reading these sections has shown me in-depth what behavior modification is. They showed me the steps "behind the scenes" and different ways to change behaviors. They gave me a little more in-depth insight of reinforcement as well.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

Positive and negative reinforcement

Self-reinforcement

Positive and negative valence

Manipulation

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Right away when I started reading the chapter my attention was immediately grabbed when it started talking about manipulating and controlling someone's behavior. The idea of working some cues or saying things to a person to make them act or do a certain thing is very interesting to me. It doesn't seem like something I would ever fall for but in all likelyhood I have.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
For me, the least interesting part of the chapter was how long it went on about antecedent, behavior, and consequence. While I was just starting to read about it I thought it was useful but it seemed like the chapter dragged it out a bit to long and repeated the same information to me.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?

Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In many other psychology classes we have had some discussed how you can sometimes know or plan what is going to happen based on how it starts like Pavlov's dog for example.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The first way this section relates to my life is the obvious one, I have this interacts all day that have antecedents, behaviors, and consquences but I never think about them unless they are big decisions. The other way that this relates to me is the one of my roommates has said he uses
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
The thing I found most interesting is how simple it is to figure out a person’s behavior when you know what the antecedent and the consequence was. To me, I thought it would be a little more tricky to figure out what could have happened.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The thing I found the least interesting was when the book explained what the ABC’s were. I have heard this information several times, so I already knew what I was reading which made it less interesting to me.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Like I have said, I have already heard about what the ABC’s in several of my other psychology classes. It also relates to the job I used to have at a daycare, because would would have to teach the kids that every action has a reaction. Sometimes it is pleasurable, but other times it is aversive.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
As I have said I used to work at a daycare. All of us workers lived by the ABC’s of behavior. We would always sit the child and talk to them about what happened and why it happened. Another thing that I thought about was how my parents always taught me that I need to think about the consequences before I emit the behavior.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
The thing I found most interesting was the section about of valence. This was the most interesting because I have never heard of it before. I also liked that the book was very clear and concise when it came to explained punishment, punisher, and punishing. The same was done when explaining reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcement.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I didn’t really find anything uninteresting. However, I didn’t really like how the book started that we should use the word pleasurable or unpleasurable, instead of positive or negative. But then later in an example it used the words positive and negative.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Since I am in my last semester here as a psychology major I am very familiar with the terms reinforcement and punishment. When I think of these terms I often think back to where they came from. Pavlov did a big experiment where he reinforced dogs to salivated when they heard a bell. This happened because the dogs associated the sound of the bell to being fed food.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
This relates to my life, because I have always been a person who wears shorts till there is snow on the ground. Because of this I have always preferred to be cold rather than warm. So in a way I am reinforcing the fact that I like being cold. I also use self-reinforcement on a daily basis. It started at a young age. Since I was an only child I always to go out and be with my friends. In order to do that, I always had to get my chores at home done first. So I would tell myself that if I finished my chores I would get to go have fun. It became a habit and now i do the same thing when it comes to school work.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
The biggest take away I got from this chapter in my better understand of positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, and negative punishment. I know what all of the terms are, but I have always gotten them confused with each other. The book did a good job of clearly explaining what each one was.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, positive punishment, negative punishment, self-reinforcing, antecedent, behavior, consequence, ABC’s, punishment, punisher, punishing, reinforcement, reinforcer, reinforcing, aversive, pleasurable

Sec. 1.1

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting that behavior modification could be broken down into three parts: antecedent, behavior, and consequence. I appreciated the layout of the section and how there were multiple visual and applicable examples. The examples were straight forward and easy to follow.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found that even though I enjoyed the visuals, I wanted to have more information in the text. In a standard textbook a section is a bit longer and has terms that are clearly defined at the end of the section. I usually prefer to look at the definitions initially and then read the text where the terms are used. This is the standard study method that I have used in the past and I am not used to having such small, specific sections.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In my developmental psychology course my professor discussed a few common diagnoses of children. One of those diagnoses was for attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD). The class and I learned that one non-drug related method of treatment was behavior modification; it was basically the only effective method other than prescribing medication (Ritalin). We discussed how children with ADHD can be taught skills to control their behavior. Teacher and parent intervention was brought up and the ABCs were mentioned. At home parents can implement structure and organization into their child’s environment. This change in environment would be the antecedent. The behavior, hopefully, would be the child having an easier time focusing. Finally, the consequence could be improved attention span.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
One thing that relates to my life is the process of having a job. The antecedent is that I am present at work, the behavior is that I assist my clients, and the consequence is that I receive a paycheck. If I am not present, I cannot offer support, and therefore I will not be paid.
Another thing that relates to my life is the process of studying and receiving a high grade on an exam. The antecedent is that I am in the library. The behavior is that I study many hours and prepare information. The consequence is that I receive a good grade on the exam (a consequence of the behavior of studying).

Sec. 1.2

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the concepts of reinforcement and punishment interesting in this section. I seem to always mix up a negative reinforcement and a positive punishment. It seems that the terms ‘positive’ and ‘punishment’ should not go together as a phrase, I found that I am better able to separate the two by first defining how reinforcement increases a target behavior while a punishment decreases a target behavior. The section also listed positive valence as pleasant and negative valence as unpleasant. The way in which this section defined all of the terms nicely before giving examples was very helpful.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I did not especially enjoy the part where self-reinforcement was listed. I feel that it should have gone into more detail; equal to that of the positive and negative, reinforcement and punishment sections. I feel that this part was way too short and that there was not enough information for me to be able to find it interesting. I also am much more interested in learning about reinforcement and punishment and how it can be applied in real life situations. Self-reinforcement is internal and I am more interested in learning about external influences that I can later use to assist clients.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In many of my psychology courses the professors have brought up reinforcement and punishment but did not go as in-depth with their examples. For example, in my clinical psychology course the professor brought up a prominent operant conditioning study involving rats. This was a classical study by B.F. Skinner where he manipulated the rats using different reinforcements and punishments using his creation—a “Skinner Box.” The professor never really applied this to humans and only provided the rat example. It was also mentioned in my biopsychology course.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
This year I am living off campus and have three roommates. Two of the roommates often do their chores, while the other often puts them off for long enough that one of the others will pick up her slack. For example, we set up a schedule so each of us has to do the dishes one night a week. The roommate who does not like to do the dishes often leaves it for the rest of us or says she “forgets” to do it or “had to work” (we all work so this is not a good excuse). In order to try and get her to do the dishes I confronted her and told her she needed to do the dishes or she would have to do them the rest of the week (negative reinforcement). She did the dishes in order to avoid having to do more dishes. The confrontation (negative stimulus) increased the behavior of cleaning the dishes (reinforcement).
Another thing that relates to my life is participating in class. If a teacher asks a question, I answer it correctly, and they smile and say “that is correct.” This is an example of a positive reinforcement. The teacher’s praise is the reinforcement that increases the behavior of participation.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I think this section, with all of the examples, has helped me more clearly separate “reinforcement” and “punishment.” The punishment does not necessarily have to be negative, it only has to serve to decrease the behavior. Reinforcement does not necessarily have to be positive, it only has to increase the behavior. I always grouped reinforcement and punishment under ‘conditioning’ and now I have a broader category in which to place the terms I have learned in previous courses. Behavior modification is an umbrella term in which classical and operant conditioning both fall under. Then within operant conditioning there is positive punishment and negative reinforcement.

Terms: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ADHD, Reinforcement, Punishment, Positive, Negative, Self-Reinforcement, B.F. Skinner, Skinner Box

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting to think about all the behaviors that we do almost automatically without thinking. It breaks down the before, during, and after of such actions, of which we would hardly ever give a second thought to doing them.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
With such a simple and short summary of behavior modification, there really wasn’t anything uninteresting since it focused on the same thing, which for me was new, the whole time.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I cannot off the top of my head think of how this section relates to other classes of mine. I am sure there are plenty of examples I am missing however.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that relate to my life are how I interact in social settings as was in the example, and unknown emitted behaviors. The first is that after being in a similar social setting for most of my down time with friends, we generally act the same because we all know what each other like, don’t like, etc. It also wouldn’t work to do in a formal setting such as a meeting. The second is that the section briefly mentions how some behaviors are done because of some elicit reason that may be unknown to our conscious. This happens a lot to me with picking at my nails almost randomly and unconsciously.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found it interesting that a simple example used was a roommate doing dishes and reinforcing his behavior to continue him doing said dishes. The reason it was interesting is last year I had this problem, a roommate never cleaned up after himself and the house was a pit, if only I had taken this class.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found least interesting the concepts of positive and negative punishment/reinforcement simply because I have taken and relearned these ideas over and over again. I should be an expert, I will still make a mistake, but it becomes tiring relearning basics.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I have a pretty good understanding of positive and negative meaning addition or subtraction in the psychology field, mainly from intro to psych.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
In my life, I understand using reinforcers to assist in keeping pleasant behaviors up, and using negative and positive in a psychological sense. The latter due to trying to assist people in studies, some people need additions to do well, others need things subtracted. I also understand the use of reinforcers to keep people occupied and content with the jobs they are doing.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
It hasn’t changed a whole lot, I was fairly familiar with the idea of reinforcers and punishers, along with the usage of positive and negative being more mathematical.

10)
Positive, Negative, Reinforcers, punishers, emitted

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Right away when I started reading the chapter my attention was immediately grabbed when it started talking about manipulating and controlling someone's behavior. The idea of working some cues or saying things to a person to make them act or do a certain thing is very interesting to me. It doesn't seem like something I would ever fall for but in all likelyhood I have.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
For me, the least interesting part of the chapter was how long it went on about antecedent, behavior, and consequence. While I was just starting to read about it I thought it was useful but it seemed like the chapter dragged it out a bit to long and repeated the same information to me.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?

Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In many other psychology classes we have had some discussed how you can sometimes know or plan what is going to happen based on how it starts like Pavlov's dog for example.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
The first way this section relates to my life is the obvious one, I have this interacts all day that have antecedents, behaviors, and consquences but I never think about them unless they are big decisions. The other way that this relates to me is the one of my roommates has said he will try to praise people for doing normal tasks like washing a pan or taking out the trash so he won't have to do it as much.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found all of the different ways they used the words punishment and reinforcement to be the most interesting part of the chapter. To be more specific, they called said that jumping out of an airplane would be a good punisher depending on the circumstance. They used the two words in ways that I haven't ever heard before. I am very used to them meaning the same thing each time, but the chapter told me punishment can be desirable and reinforcement can be adversive.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I was least interested in the part explaining how things have a positive valence and a negative valence. I was not sure if I was understanding it how the author wanted me to, but to me it just seemed like you can say you like or dislike something.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I thought this chapter was a lot like chapter 1 with more detail, Some of the answers I used for the first questions almost seem like they would fit these ones better. Pavlov's dog fits this chapter better because the dog was receiving positive reinforcement.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
This section relates to my life because I have gone through many of the examples myself. When I was living in the dorms, my neighbors would play loud music. To get them to turn it down I would hit the wall so they would know I was irratated and they would receive punishment. Another example is happening right now. I am self-reinforcing myself as I do this assignment promising myself that I will get to watch television before I fall asleep but I must keep it off until I finish the assignment.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I thought this class was going to be about changing a behavior that wasn't ideal to me or about getting someone to behave in a certain way just to see if I could. It has made me think deeper into it by learning about how punishment and reinforcement can be good or bad depending on the circumstances.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Praise, antecedents, behaviors, consequences, punishment, punisher, reinforcement, self-reinforcement.

1) Something that stuck out to me was the sentence that said for every behavior we emit, there is always an antecedent and a consequence. I found the use of the word always interesting because that means that the ABCs can explain behavior without exception. If the question is asked, “Why did this person do this thing”, or, “What happened when this person did this thing,” there is always a reason.
2) I didn’t really find anything uninteresting, but something that I have trouble with is remembering that the ABC’s are not linear, and to me, the way that the charts were set up made them seem linear.
3) I took three psychology classes last year, and they all briefly went over behavior psychology. This section mentions B.F. Skinner, and I haved learned about him a few times, as well. I learned about the parts of the ABCs, too (but I can’t remember if we referred to them as the ABCs in those classes).
4) The part about the ABCs not being linear and that the consequence loops to the antecedents because my brother often has trouble understanding when and where it is appropriate to act a certain way because he doesn’t understand social cues (consequences) very well. Also, the part about how emitting a behavior and receiving a pleasurable feedback will make the behavior occur more often, because that explains how society maintains social norms.
5) I found naturally occurring punishers interesting because they are our bodies making us feel something unpleasant when we do something or are in an environment that can harm us.
6) The examples that explained the difference between positive and negative reinforcers and punishers got very repetitive towards the ending and I have already learned about them before.
7) In intro to psychology, biopsychology, and psychology of personality we talked about reinforcers a punishers influencing our behavior and changing the likelihood of the behavior happening again.
8) I recommend using reinforcers and punishers to help other people help themselves do or not do something. For instance, today, I was trying to help my brother cut back on smoking, and I told him that if he only smoked outside where it is hot and he would have to get up to smoke, he would want to smoke less and even when it was later in the year and cooler, he would associate smoking with being uncomfortable. Also, I have had to take care of my younger sister a lot, so it has been necessary to try to teach her how to behave, which often involved negative punishment like taking away toys or electronics.
9) These sections reviewed what I had already learned in previous classes, but those classes taught different approaches of psychology, like behavior and personality, so I am excited to go more in depth and learn more about behavior modification.
10) Consequence, Reinforcers, Punishers, ABCs, Emit, Antecedent, Social Cues, Natural Punishers/Reinforcers, Negative, Positive

1) What did you find interesting in this section? Why?
This first section was very interesting because I had never thought to literally classify the beginning steps of behavior psychology as ABC's, (antecedent, behavior, consquence). This was a neat little trick to help me remember this information because in a previous class the professor had used different terminolgoy, preferring to use context instead of antecedent. WHat I found to be more fascinating still was the fact that the ABC's have a more cyclic relationship than linear. Since I am a visual learner the picture in the reading really helped me grasp this concept and made me understand how it is easy to find patterns of behavior with this method.

2) What did you find least interesting?
Honestly, there was not much I did not like about this section. It was a good clean opener that introduced you to the topics that would be discussed.

3) How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
I will admit that it has been a few semesters since I took into to psychology so some of the terminology was familiar but I could not recall exactly what I had been taught previously. However, it was easy for me to see that we are basically studying a cause-effect relationship, which is essentially what most branches of science do.

4) What two things can you relate to life?
The paragraph that discussed that because you have the antecedent and consequence, you are most likely to predict the behavior. For example: If the antecendent is that I am scheduled to go to work and the consequence is that I get paid, then it is safe to assume that my behavior was that I actually went to work. The next example I have is when you exhibit the same behavior but in different contexts, you get different consequences. For example: when I choose to wear a strapless dress at a party and being social, then people would look at me and socialize with me. If a wore a strapless dress to church and was being super talkative and social during worship service, the congregation would look at me badly.

5) Things I found interesting about this chapter?
I really enjoyed the new terminology being introduced and the fact that we are going more in depth with the relations between the antecednet, behavior and consequence. I like it that we are making more connections and explaining why these things occur.

6) Least like about this section?
Well the fact that there is so much terminolgy introduced at once. I had to reread a few of the sections just to make sure I was not getting different vocabulary confused.

7) What did I know before?
I remember negative punishment and negative reinforcement from my intor to psychology class, and I remember getting those two definitions confused on a test for that class.

8) Applications to my life?
Positive valance and what this term means to my life, as in it explains why I am drawn to certain people based on the characteristcs that I find to be appealing or attractive.
Reinforcement procedure: I am a manager at my work and I use praise in order to motivate my employees to keep up morale and the good work.

9) It has given me a rough outline to better understand behaviors and how they are related to the antecedent and consequence. However, I think that behavior is a lot more complex than just the base structure of the ABC's and that there are a lot more factors affecting behavior.

10) Terminology: ABC's, antecenent, consequence, positive valence, reinforcement, negative punishment, negative reinforcement, reinforcement procedure.

1.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
This section was great start to the book the abc of behavior modification. I found a lot of things that caught my eyes. One of the things that I found very intriguing to read was that manipulation isn't a bad thing, in other words it's a good thing. You can manipulate peoples minds and be very helpful, like the described in the book and said how stoplights were manipulating.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The things that I found least interesting was how the book was sort of repetitive in the beginning when they were talking about the ABC procedure, but other than that. I found this whole chapter VERY interesting to read, it was a good starting point for this class, I definitely got a good understanding in what this class is going to be about. Even though the beginning was repetitive and made this concept less interesting, I found it very helpful that it was repetitive because then I got a better understanding of it.

3.)How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my past psychology class we had a brief overview on the ABC procedure , when we were talking about behaviors and what not, but honestly a lot of things that I read were pretty new to me, and I enjoyed learning it. This is my Freshman year and I have only taken one other psychology class previous to this one, So I'm excited to learn a lot about behaviors.

4.)Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that can relate to my life in this section would be the reinforcement part because I think that is very important and people should always reinforce good behavior. Which I do a lot Im always smiling and encouraging my friends to do behaviors that I want them to increase. Same with punishments, I always punish my dog when he does behaviors that I do not approve of.
Section 1.2
5.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Once again this whole chapter was very interesting as a whole, I found the difference between reinforcement and punishment really interesting and I really didn't know the difference until now, After reading about it I understood the difference very well.

6.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Now especially in this chapter I really didn't find anything not interesting was when they were talking about the Valence, once again the thing that I didn't find interesting was that it was repetitive and I understood the point, but then again it came in useful because I understood it better.

7.)How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This section doesn't really have anything to do with what I have learned in the past. All of this information was very new, and I really enjoyed learning and reading this section, I loved everything about the positive and negative valances.

8.) 1.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
This section was great start to the book the abc of behavior modification. I found a lot of things that caught my eyes. One of the things that I found very intriguing to read was that manipulation isn't a bad thing, in other words it's a good thing. You can manipulate peoples minds and be very helpful, like the described in the book and said how stoplights were manipulating.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The things that I found least interesting was how the book was sort of repetitive in the beginning when they were talking about the ABC procedure, but other than that. I found this whole chapter VERY interesting to read, it was a good starting point for this class, I definitely got a good understanding in what this class is going to be about. Even though the beginning was repetitive and made this concept less interesting, I found it very helpful that it was repetitive because then I got a better understanding of it.


3.)How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my past psychology class we had a brief overview on the ABC procedure , when we were talking about behaviors and what not, but honestly a lot of things that I read were pretty new to me, and I enjoyed learning it. This is my Freshman year and I have only taken one other psychology class previous to this one, So I'm excited to learn a lot about behaviors.

4.)Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that can relate to my life in this section would be the reinforcement part because I think that is very important and people should always reinforce good behavior. Which I do a lot Im always smiling and encouraging my friends to do behaviors that I want them to increase. Same with punishments, I always punish my dog when he does behaviors that I do not approve of.
Section 1.2
5.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Once again this whole chapter was very interesting as a whole, I found the difference between reinforcement and punishment really interesting and I really didn't know the difference until now, After reading about it I understood the difference very well.

6.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Now especially in this chapter I really didn't find anything not interesting was when they were talking about the Valence, once again the thing that I didn't find interesting was that it was repetitive and I understood the point, but then again it came in useful because I understood it better.

7.)How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This section doesn't really have anything to do with what I have learned in the past. All of this information was very new, and I really enjoyed learning and reading this section, I loved everything about the positive and negative valances.

8.)1.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
This section was great start to the book the abc of behavior modification. I found a lot of things that caught my eyes. One of the things that I found very intriguing to read was that manipulation isn't a bad thing, in other words it's a good thing. You can manipulate peoples minds and be very helpful, like the described in the book and said how stoplights were manipulating.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The things that I found least interesting was how the book was sort of repetitive in the beginning when they were talking about the ABC procedure, but other than that. I found this whole chapter VERY interesting to read, it was a good starting point for this class, I definitely got a good understanding in what this class is going to be about. Even though the beginning was repetitive and made this concept less interesting, I found it very helpful that it was repetitive because then I got a better understanding of it.


3.)How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my past psychology class we had a brief overview on the ABC procedure , when we were talking about behaviors and what not, but honestly a lot of things that I read were pretty new to me, and I enjoyed learning it. This is my Freshman year and I have only taken one other psychology class previous to this one, So I'm excited to learn a lot about behaviors.

4.)Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that can relate to my life in this section would be the reinforcement part because I think that is very important and people should always reinforce good behavior. Which I do a lot Im always smiling and encouraging my friends to do behaviors that I want them to increase. Same with punishments, I always punish my dog when he does behaviors that I do not approve of.
Section 1.2
5.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Once again this whole chapter was very interesting as a whole, I found the difference between reinforcement and punishment really interesting and I really didn't know the difference until now, After reading about it I understood the difference very well.

6.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Now especially in this chapter I really didn't find anything not interesting was when they were talking about the Valence, once again the thing that I didn't find interesting was that it was repetitive and I understood the point, but then again it came in useful because I understood it better.

7.)How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This section doesn't really have anything to do with what I have learned in the past. All of this information was very new, and I really enjoyed learning and reading this section, I loved everything about the positive and negative valances.

8.) 1.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
This section was great start to the book the abc of behavior modification. I found a lot of things that caught my eyes. One of the things that I found very intriguing to read was that manipulation isn't a bad thing, in other words it's a good thing. You can manipulate peoples minds and be very helpful, like the described in the book and said how stoplights were manipulating.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The things that I found least interesting was how the book was sort of repetitive in the beginning when they were talking about the ABC procedure, but other than that. I found this whole chapter VERY interesting to read, it was a good starting point for this class, I definitely got a good understanding in what this class is going to be about. Even though the beginning was repetitive and made this concept less interesting, I found it very helpful that it was repetitive because then I got a better understanding of it.


3.)How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my past psychology class we had a brief overview on the ABC procedure , when we were talking about behaviors and what not, but honestly a lot of things that I read were pretty new to me, and I enjoyed learning it. This is my Freshman year and I have only taken one other psychology class previous to this one, So I'm excited to learn a lot about behaviors.

4.)Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that can relate to my life in this section would be the reinforcement part because I think that is very important and people should always reinforce good behavior. Which I do a lot Im always smiling and encouraging my friends to do behaviors that I want them to increase. Same with punishments, I always punish my dog when he does behaviors that I do not approve of.
Section 1.2
5.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Once again this whole chapter was very interesting as a whole, I found the difference between reinforcement and punishment really interesting and I really didn't know the difference until now, After reading about it I understood the difference very well.

6.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Now especially in this chapter I really didn't find anything not interesting was when they were talking about the Valence, once again the thing that I didn't find interesting was that it was repetitive and I understood the point, but then again it came in useful because I understood it better.

7.)How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This section doesn't really have anything to do with what I have learned in the past. All of this information was very new, and I really enjoyed learning and reading this section, I loved everything about the positive and negative valances.

8.) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so? Two things that I have learned throughout this chapter that has to relate to my life would be was when I got punished and it would have a positive and negative valances in your situation.

9.)How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have just increased the understanding of behavior modification that I have already had. I got a better understanding of the terms and the differences and similarities of these terms as well :) :) :)

Terminology:behavior, positive valance, negative valance, Reinforcement, punishment, manipulatation,

After reading section 1.1, please respond to the following questions.
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the overall concept of the ABCs to be really interesting. I had not heard of these concepts until I began an Organizational Psychology class this semester. The book stated “most of us are unaware of the majority of the behaviors that we emit in our daily life”. This concept is surprisingly true. After considering this, I realized that most of my daily behaviors are not something that I purposely think of doing. They are mostly habits of nature. In addition, I am typically unaware of the consequences of several of my behaviors. Overall, this is just really interesting to me because it is a completely new concept, and it is so simple but something that I had never considered before.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
After a certain point, I found the concept of the ABCs being the building blocks of behavior to be less interesting. The text began to be slightly repetitive and did not seem as interesting as how depending on the antecedent, similar behaviors can result in different consequences. Overall, there were just more interesting concepts than the introduction to the concept.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
Since I have not learned much about these concepts until now, it is difficult for me to relate it to what I already knew. I had previous knowledge of simple behavior modification. We are able to manipulate or control one’s own or someone else’s behavior through a series of steps. For every action, there is a consequence.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
As I had previously mentioned, the concept that we are unaware of most of our daily behaviors is incredibly applicable to my life. So often I go about my day and realize at the end that I cannot remember what I did throughout the day and that I seemed to be going through the motions. This is something that you don’t realize though until it is after the fact that you already did it. Another thing that I learned is that there are consequences to behavior, but it can vary depending on the antecedent, which is what happens before. For example, if I am cold, I will typically grab a jacket. Or if someone says they like my outfit, I am more likely to wear it. What happens before or prior to an event allows my behavior to become more predictable.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I have always been really interested in the concepts of positive and negative reinforcements and punishments. I like learning about how behavior frequency can be modified by altering the punishment or reinforcement. This is something that I often to try to apply to my life, so learning more about it is always nice to help improve my methods.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Truthfully, I found this section of the text to be much more interesting than the last section because it is something that I am already familiar with. However, if I had to choose a concept that was the least interesting in this section, I would choose the concept of self-reinforcing. This is because I am very aware of my own behavior, so it wasn’t as surprising or new of a concept as the other concepts mentioned. I think it is more interesting to modify other people’s behavior through reinforcements and punishments than my own because it is easier to see the results.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
This section relates to what I have learned previously because in social psychology and introduction to psychology, we learned the basis of behavior modification through reinforcements and punishments. In my social psychology class, we learned and experimented with modifying the behavior of friends by reinforcing their behavior and conditioning their lives. For example, I conditioned my roommate to brush her teeth every time she entered our room by reinforcing her behavior through rewards and punishments depending on her behavior. This section just went more in-depth to what I had already known.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Self-reinforcement can relate to my life because I will constantly monitor and evaluate my behavior in order to be more efficient or accurate throughout my daily life. If some type of behavior “isn’t working”, then I will modify it by reinforcing my actions. Another thing that relates to my life is modifying my peers or friends behaviors. As I had previously mentioned, I have conditioned my roommate to brush her teeth every time she enters the room through a series of reinforcements and punishments for her behaviors. This was due to her constant harassment of my habits of brushing my teeth, so I decided to modify her behavior to match my own.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have taught me more about behavior modification because I had not known much about it before. Most of the provided information was completely new, so I found it all to be very interesting. My opinion of behavior modification has definitely changed. I thought it was just the modification of behavior through reinforcements and punishments, but in reality, it takes a lot more into consideration such as the antecedent. Behavior modification is much more of a complex concept than I had previously realized.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Consequence
Behavior
Antecedent
Emit
Self reinforcement
Reinforcement
Punishment
Procedure
Frequency

Oh my gosh!!!!! I am so sorry, I have NO idea why all of this is out of order!!! :(

1.1
1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
The most interesting thing I read was how every behavior we emit, theres always a antecedent and consequence. I always kind of new this, but I have never been more aware of it until reading this. I thought this was interesting because I started thinking of some things I have done today and what the antecedents and consequences whether pleasurable or aversive were. This is great (no sarcasm) because now I will become more aware of the behaviors I will be emitting. I also was interested in how the environment has an influence on behavior and I can't wait to learn more about this.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I didn't find anything disinteresting; I enjoy learning new things and learning about yours and others behaviors and actions. Like I said before, this makes me more aware of my behavior, so how is that not interesting?

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
Well, I've always been pretty conscious about my behavior and how it impacts others, the environment, or myself, so reading this section mostly reminded me about this... Even on a personal level. I have learned in a different class how your actions can impact people's lives on many different levels, so its nice to be refreshed on this.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Very simply put, my younger sister has behavioral issues. I am not just saying this because I am her older sister, she really does. She has problems with recognizing the consequences for her behaviors and actions. She has done many things that have impacted peoples lives aversively, including her family and most of her friends (who are not her friends anymore). This is difficult because as an older sibling, I have a lot of responsibility to show her right from wrong. I do a lot of things to make people's lives better, and when she doesn't think about this and just does things without her realizing what she is doing, it is difficult to help her understand and be a good role model.
I have four large purebred labradors, and how we train/trained them was through behavioral training. I agree with the text that states you can manipulate and predict the behavior if you know the antecedent and consequence. We do this with our dogs. I feel a lot of people train without knowing the antecedent, but mostly just what they want as the behavior and what they will use for the consequence whether it's a treat or a yank of the leash.

1.2
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I thought the difference between a natural reinforcer/punisher and having a manipulated reinforcer/punisher (punishment procedure) was interesting. I thought this because I never really thought about natural reinforcers and punishers, I only thought about the punishment procedure. The natural reinforcer and punisher really caught my attention due to the fact that there are so many different natural ways this is occurring and I'm sure most people don't even realize it...

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The part where it talked bout the negative and positive reinforcement and punishment was least interesting to me mostly because I have learned this several times in different classes, so reading over it was like deja vu. BUT, it's not like I didn't like it, I still like it!

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I already knew about the positive and negative reinforcement and punishment and how it is used as taking away or adding something instead of a "good and bad" explanation. This section just added on to what I already knew about the positive and negative, such as how you shouldn't used these words to explain some situations because it could be confusing.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Like the example I used before with training my dogs, we use a lot of reinforcement and punishment when we are training different things. For example, when we first trained my puppy how to stay, we mostly used positive reinforcement when he did well; we would give him a good petting and sometimes a treat. Another way this relates to my life is when my family sits down to eat dinner. We are not allowed to use our cellphones during dinner; if any of us are caught using our phones, my parents will take them away... This would be punishment.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I originally thought that we would be changing our behavior, but I wasn't for sure how we would do that. After reading these sections, it gave me a simple understanding of how we can change not only our behavior, but anyone or any living things behavior with the right procedures.

Terms used: emit, antecedent, behavior, consequence, pleasurable, aversive, reinforcement, positive, negative, punishment procedure, punishment, punisher, reinforcer

REPOST!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
PLEASE DISREGUARD MY LAST POST I HAVE NO IDEA WHAT HAPPENED :( #TECHNICALDIFICULTIES
XOXOXO- SARA

1.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
This section was great start to the book the abc of behavior modification. I found a lot of things that caught my eyes. One of the things that I found very intriguing to read was that manipulation isn't a bad thing, in other words it's a good thing. You can manipulate peoples minds and be very helpful, like the described in the book and said how stoplights were manipulating.

2.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
The things that I found least interesting was how the book was sort of repetitive in the beginning when they were talking about the ABC procedure, but other than that. I found this whole chapter VERY interesting to read, it was a good starting point for this class, I definitely got a good understanding in what this class is going to be about. Even though the beginning was repetitive and made this concept less interesting, I found it very helpful that it was repetitive because then I got a better understanding of it.

3.)How does this section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In my past psychology class we had a brief overview on the ABC procedure , when we were talking about behaviors and what not, but honestly a lot of things that I read were pretty new to me, and I enjoyed learning it. This is my Freshman year and I have only taken one other psychology class previous to this one, So I'm excited to learn a lot about behaviors.

4.)Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Two things that can relate to my life in this section would be the reinforcement part because I think that is very important and people should always reinforce good behavior. Which I do a lot Im always smiling and encouraging my friends to do behaviors that I want them to increase. Same with punishments, I always punish my dog when he does behaviors that I do not approve of.

1.2

5.)What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Once again this whole chapter was very interesting as a whole, I found the difference between reinforcement and punishment really interesting and I really didn't know the difference until now, After reading about it I understood the difference very well.

6.) What did you find least interesting? Why?
Now especially in this chapter I really didn't find anything not interesting was when they were talking about the Valence, once again the thing that I didn't find interesting was that it was repetitive and I understood the point, but then again it came in useful because I understood it better.

7.)How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
This section doesn't really have anything to do with what I have learned in the past. All of this information was very new, and I really enjoyed learning and reading this section, I loved everything about the positive and negative valances.

8.) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so? Two things that I have learned throughout this chapter that has to relate to my life would be was when I got punished and it would have a positive and negative valances in your situation, and how you can look at it in both ways, which is what I usually do in a situation.

9.)How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have just increased the understanding of behavior modification that I have already had. I got a better understanding of the terms and the differences and similarities of these terms as well :) :) :)

Terminology:behavior, positive valance, negative valance, Reinforcement, punishment, manipulatation,

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the components of Behavior Modification (ABC) interesting because the fact that the antecedent (or place you’re at) will change the way you act or behavior base on the consequence (or reaction of others).
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found everything pretty interesting because I enjoy learning about the different things that can affect individual’s behaviors and personality.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc. I already knew about the ABC. I just did not know the technical terms. I knew that the way you behave haves consequences.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so? I have two jobs, One I am a fraud analyst for Verizon and the second one I am a cook for an independent retirement home for the elderly in both jobs my behavior can affect either Verizon if I do not do a good investigation I could release and order that could be fraudulent and cost Verizon money or as a cook if I am not watching what I am doing I could give someone the wrong thing and they could get sick or if I do not make food I have to figure something out to make sure everyone have a meal.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why? I like learning about some more things that contribute to behavior modification because I think that behavior modification is a complex thing and once you have all the piece your able fully understand it.
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
One thing that I did not likely about this sections is how many times it explain what Reinforcement, Punishment, reinforcer, reinforcing, punisher, and punishing are. I already knew what they meant and it’s nice to have a remainder but not more than one.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I already knew what reinforcement and punishment was from other psychology classes and from growing up as kid my parents used reinforcement and punishment procedure.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Reinforcement and punishment both relate to my everyday life if I do not stay focus and work hard on not procrastinating I could get behind and not do as well as I can in classes and everyday tasks.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
These sections have increase my knowledge about what behavior modification is because it explained and broke down the principles of Behavior modification in everyday life.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Reinforcement, punishment, antecedent, consequence, behavior, reinforcing, punishing, punisher, and reinforcer

1. What did you find interesting in the section and why?
I found environment controlling behavior to be very interesting. I think the idea that we are controlled by our environment is something that we don't think about, outside of specifically social environments controlling us. Like telling a joke at a funeral as was mentioned, there is a specific social feeling about that that controls us, but what we do at a grocery store is determined almost completely by the being at the grocery store.

2. What did you find least interesting?
I think the entire idea as a whole is rather interesting, probably the least interesting part of this section was proper terminology, which is necessary.

3. How does this relate to what you knew previously?
I've definitely learned about some parts of behavioral modification earlier, most notably Pavlov's dogs and classical conditioning. While a little different, classical conditioning is similar in that you have a stimulus, which precedes a behavior, usually followed by a reward. In Pavlov's dogs, he conditioned them to salivate when they heard a bell, because they expected to be fed. There is an antecedent, behavior, and consequence, of sorts.

4. Two things that relate to your life
The idea that environment has a strong impact on behavior relates to my life in a myriad of ways. An easy example is my habits at home vs. in public. At home I tend to be either singing or talking to myself a large percentage of the time. And when I'm in public I keep my thoughts inside or hum to myself. My environment is clearly dictating and modifying my behaviors. Another very relatable idea is that of antecedents being different can produce very different consequences, even if the behavior is the same. If I am talking with a friend, and I use foul language, the consequence would just be my friends hearing me swear. If I was talking with a professor I didn't know well and swore, the consequence might be a bad impression with that professor.
5. What's interesting in this section?
I have always found the idea of aversive things being used for reinforcement and desirable things being used as punishment. It becomes clear once you look at it and makes perfect sense, but as children we just learn punishment is punishment. I also haven't read about valence much before, and I like the idea that our personal valence about something determines whether it is a desirable or aversive thing to us.

6.What did you find least interesting?
I found it all rather interesting, probably the least interesting part would just be the beginning where it introduces basic reinforcement and punishment, and the only reason that is less interesting is because I've learned about that part in a couple other classes.

7. How does this relate to what you've learned in the past?
Well this chapter is clearly building off of the ABCs of the previous section. This basically just expands and more fully explains the ideas of antecedent, behavior, consequence because it shows how the consequence can change the behavior the next time the antecedent comes along. If the consequence reinforces the behavior, when the antecedent arrives again, the behavior is more likely, and vice versa.

8. Two things that relate to your life.
The first would definitely be the idea of self-reinforcement. I need to set up more situations where I am properly self-reinforcing when it comes to exercising. If I set up a better reinforcer for myself for after I go to the gym, I would be more likely to go to the gym the next time I'm free. Another way this relates to my life is I worked at an internship over the summer where I worked with kids. We used a lot of positive reinforcers to try and encourage the kids to make better decisions. If a kid behaved at home, they would earn points towards a lego toy they wanted, for example.

9. How have these reading changed your opinion about behavior mod?
I wouldn't say my opinions have changed that much. I've seen a lot of behavior modification put into practice in the internship I have done. I think it is slightly alarming just how easily it can be used on most people. I really liked learning a little more about aversive reinforcers and desirable punishments. I would say that my mind has been changed the most just when it comes to self reinforcement. I never really thought before about how if something has a desirable valence for you, you can reinforce it despite those around you perhaps sending out a punishment.

10. valence, reinforcement, antecedent, behavior, consequence, desirable, aversive, self-reinforcement, punishment.

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
One thing that I found really interesting was the relationship between the antecedent, behavior, and the consequence. While reading it, I thought to myself that it's something so obvious, but it isn't really anything that people would think about on a daily basis when they are doing things and living out their lives.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
There wasn't anything that I didn't find particularly "not interesting" but I didn't find the question asking about manipulating someone else very appealing.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In previous psychology classes, we have talked about cause and effect, but that's the closest I have come to anything behavior modification related.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I definitely feel like I can apply the ABCs to my life because obviously I have my own behaviors. I am usually a very energetic and sassy person and sometimes I behave that way in the classroom and that is not always appropriate where in other places it is, so I can definitely monitor that more. I also know that I have used negotiation before and persuasion. I convinced my friends to come with me to Adventureland this past weekend.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found both naturally occurring and procedure reinforcement and punishment interesting. This is because I have always been fascinated with it because it's always interesting to see what behaviors motivate people and what discourages people from doing these things.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I didn't find valence interesting just because I honestly found it hard to understand.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
In past psychology classes this has definitely been a hot topic and has been discussed a lot.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
When I was little my parents would always punish me if I did something they didn't like. This is what we would consider punishment. For example I would get put in timeout or have to have reading time. On the other hand I would also get praised for good behaviors, and get video game time.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
I definitely thought that behavior modification was going to be a lot more difficult to understand, but so far the concepts are very easy to understand.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Antecedent, behavior, consequence, reinforcement, punishment

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
Something that I found interesting in about this section was how the text explored how changing the context or antecedent of the behavior influenced the consequence as a result. The research that I had read or heard about in other classes always focused mainly on behavior and consequences so having the antecedent present to “set the occasion” brought another level of understanding behavior from what I knew previously.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found this section to be pretty interesting overall, mostly because I feel like I can apply many of the techniques from this class to my future career and life in general. If I had to pick one thing I would say that I found the chapter and exercises a little repetitive. I can understand how the repetition could make learning the material easier for some people but for me it was just a little dry.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
As I mentioned before, I had learned about consequences and behavior in other classes. Besides adding antecedents to the behavior equation, this chapter also gave me the proper terminology to explain actions as they apply to behavioral science. Some examples from the text that I didn’t know related to behavior modification were ‘emit’ and ‘elicit’; these defined in b-mod terms relate to doing a behavior and making a behavior happen.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I was able to take the ABC’s format and insert antecedents, behaviors, and consequences from my day today as I was reading the text. I was further able to make them into a chain of ABC’s that built on each other and gave me some insight as to the impact of behaviors that I would have dismissed as trivial but actually played a pretty large part in how my day played out.
Another way that I was able to relate this to things I use frequently in my life was how the ABC’s format mimicked the steps of the scientific method. Since the scientific method has been used in many of my classes I’m pretty familiar with the steps. This being said, it was easy for me to use the same logic that is used in testing hypothesis and apply it to the ABC layout.
(1.2)
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I found the examples of practical applications of punishments and reinforcements to be an interesting part of this chapter. I feel like in this course one of the main objectives is to be able to take what we learn in class and apply it to our lives; so when examples like the reinforcement procedure of praising roommates after doing the dishes come up it makes the material very relatable and applicable to those in the class.


6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I found parts of this section to not be interesting only because I felt like some of the vocabulary were some pretty basic terms. The descriptions for positive and negative valence were some examples of things I thought were pretty straightforward, as well as knowing the parts of speech in reference to ‘reinforcement, reinforcer, and reinforcing’.


7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
In other psychology classes I had learned about the basics of punishment and reinforcement but it had never gone into much depth. For example, I had never learned about naturally occurring reinforcers as opposed to reinforcers used with a reinforcement procedure. 1.2 also tied in behavior and consequence from the previous section in terms of classifying consequences as either being reinforcers or punishers.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
From what we covered on punishments and reinforcements in this chapter it was interesting to think back on different punishments as forms of discipline that my parents used. It seemed that these were less effective than the reinforcements that I received from other authority figures so I look forward to exploring those in more detail as this class progresses. Learning about self-reinforcing also gave me insight into some of my coworkers and why they might be continuing to pursue behaviors (like telling jokes only they think are funny) despite the general displeasure of the group.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so? I would say that reading these sections have influenced my understanding by advancing my knowledge of the terminology of behavior modification, elaborating on topics that have been brought up briefly in other classes, and allowing me to make connections between behavior modification and other facets of the discipline such as the research process.

10) Terms: Antecedent, consequence, emit, elicit, punishment, reinforcement, positive valence, negative valence, reinforcement procedure, self-reinforcing.

1. What I thought was the most interesting in this section was how you made the ABC’s for modification fit into the diagram of how behaviors work. It really help me understand and remember how the diagrams work. Before, I knew that the diagram was first was what happened before the behavior, then the behavior itself, and after. In the book it shows that before is called the antecedent which is the means before, then behavior stays the same as behavior, then after is known as consequence which is any sort of outcome from the behavior.
2. I didn’t really find anything in this section that I didn’t find interesting but the dullest part of this section would be about explaining the examples of the Behavior diagram at first. I say this only because I have already learned this part, but I really did think this part was boring in any way.
3. This section relates a lot to what I have learned by showing the behavior diagrams from Skinner that we learn about in my intro to psych, and other psych classes.
4. Two things I can relate to my life from this section would be about how behaviors change with the type of antecedents and consequence you have. This makes me realize I can change the behavior with either one of these factors. I also learned that if you only have one of these factors then there can be lots of outcomes. Which goes the same with life, if I yell at my sister, depending on behavior towards it, there could be a different outcome.
5. Honestly what I though was the most interesting in this section would be how consequences and behaviors work with reinforcing and punishing. When you have reinforcing for the consequence, then the behavior with happen more often. When you the consequence with punishing, then the behavior with less likely to happen.
6. What I thought was the least interesting was about valence. Valence means the value placed on a person, place or thing. This was only the least interesting because vocabulary usually less exciting to learn about.
7. This section relates to my other classes by the definition of negative and positive. It’s always good to review over it again though. Negative means less of the behavior and positive means more of the behavior, which do don’t get them confused with undesirable and pleasurable.
8. The two things that can relate to my lift would be reinforcement and punishments. I know that reinforce work better when you want to teach your kid a lesion, but punishment can also be used to train the kid what’s right and wrong. Also I know that controlling the environment controls the behavior, so later on if I can change the environment, I could possibly get a behavior I want.
9. This reading as only change my original thought of behavior modification just a little bit. I let me know that Skinner will be a huge factor in this course and that behavior modification possibly can help my daily life.

Consequence, antecedents, behavior, Skinner, ABC’s for Modification, reinforcing, punishing, valance, negative, positive

1) What I found most interesting in this section was how the ABCs of Behavior Modification are so simple and almost common sense, but yet until psychology classes I haven't really consciously thought about them. Its interesting to think that these behaviors and thoughts about antecedents and consequences come naturally and automatically to us as humans.

2) Honestly, there wasn't really anything that I disliked about this section. It was easy to read, interesting, and made sense.

3) In my high school psychology classes, I have learned about Skinner and his study of behaviors. So we touched on the thought of consequences of behaviors, but I don't really remember talking about the antecedent. Maybe we did, but anyway it all seems like common sense when you think about it, we just never really stop to think about the processes of our behaviors.

4) The first thing that relates to my life is the ABCs of behavior. Every single day, I make choices and see the consequences of the behaviors that I make. Ever since I was born I have been doing this, and learning about what the choices I make will bring me. The ABCs not being linear, is what helps me learn from my mistakes and bad consequences so that I don't repeat the same behaviors for the antecedent. The second thing that relates to my life is the difference between emit and elicit. While confusing a bit at first, it is something that needs to be known and how to react and change your choices based on whether you emitted the behavior or maybe the environment elicited the behavior.

5) I found it interesting all the different ways that reinforcement and punishment can take. Especially the fact that reinforcement can involve aversive things and punishment can involve desirable things. Because those are the opposite of what you would think they are.

6) Just like the first section, I didn't really dislike anything about this part. It was an easy and entertaining read, it explained concepts well, and was repetitive which was helpful.

7) Again, I have learned about these things in my high school psychology class. However, the term valence was new to me, and was interesting to see how it just fit right in and made sense with the punishments and reinforcements. Although we had mentioned aversive and desirable things in my class, there was just never a term given to the value.

8)The first thing that relates to my life is the valence of a consequence. Every day when I make my decisions, and there are consequences that follow my actions, the desirable or undesirable valence of those consequences either keep me from repeating my behavior, or increase my behavior. Without even knowing it, there are punishments and reinforcements to all my actions.
The second thing that relates to my life is the self-reinforcement. There are so many times when I don't even need someone or something to reinforce my behavior because internally I receive the pleasure and so I increase my behavior, no matter what kind of impact it has on others.

9) Since I have already learned about these terms and concepts before in my psych class, nothing has really changed about my thoughts on behavior modification. It seems almost like everyone has already known this information whether or not they have learned about it, they just need to stop and think about the ABCs in order to help change their behaviors.

10) Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Emit, Elicit, Reinforcement, Punishment, Valence, aversive, desirable, self-reinforcement

SECTION 1.1

1. (Most Interesting) The most interesting find that I had in section 1.1 was the antecedent. (Why?) I enjoy looking at the situations behind emitted behaviors.

2. (Least Interesting) If I had to pick a least interesting portion of the section it would be consequences. (Why?) Because I already know what consequences are, it is an easy concept to understand, I got bored reading about it.

3. (Previous Relations) In sociology classes they like to teach you about how the environment can affect behaviors. That was the first thing I related to as I read this section.

4. (Personal Experience Relations) 1. The first thing that comes to mind is general decision making. (How so?) How I choose to act can have temporary or even permanent consequences. Example, A= At home B= Playing Video Games instead of BMOD blogging C= Staying up until 5 A.M. to finish BMOD homework leads to a very cranky morning. This will lead to a temporary consequence where I may have a tougher morning, but, I can later change my behavior for the Wednesday assignment. 2. The second thing that I personally relate to is how my environment is modified, to change a behavior based off of the fear of a consequence. (How so?) Starting with a feared consequence, let's say, embarrassment of your golf score, causes me to change the environment to change the consequence. This fear of embarrassment causes me to adjust my environment from the golf course to the golf range, in hopes of adjusting the results.

SECTION 1.2

5. (Most Interesting) Positive Reinforcement. (Why?) Positive reinforcement reminds me of motivation, which is one of my favorite topics.

6. (Least Interesting) Again it was the section of consequences and results. (Why?) It is a boring section to read due to the simplicity of the matter.

7. (Previous Relations) Sports Psychology courses teach us about coaching styles and how the balance of negative to positive valances can make or break the moral of a team.

8. (Life relations) 1. I have a direct connection with being an athlete and self reinforcement. (How so?) As an athlete you need to be able to get up after a tough outcome and regain your confidence. Constantly you force yourself to believe that you are going to win no matter what position you are in. After years and years of this practice you can use self-reassurance to get out of almost any situation to successfully move forward. 2. Living in a house with roommates I have learned how to effectively balance between punishment and reinforcement when wanting dishes cleaned . (How so?) Some roommates respond better to punishment and some respond better to reinforcement, through trial and error you can figure this out. After learning how to approach each roommate you need to learn the balance. After continuous appraisal, overtime the appraise becomes less genuine. While with continued punishment the approach becomes hostile and annoying. The only way to learn this is by learning the pattern of each roommate.

REFLECTION OF BOTH SECTIONS

9. (Influence on Thoughts of Behavior Modification) New perspective. (how so?) As I have known about the information of both of these sections from prior classes, I have overlooked the basics and the essence of the ABC's and Reinforce/Punishment. I felt I took away a feel for the pattern of Behavior and how one may come to choose the best way to alter, or modify a behavior. Of course this is more of a foreshadow than it is a change in thought.


10. (Terminology) : Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, Emit, Environment, Results, Modified, Reinforcement, Positive Reinforcement, Negative Valance, Positive Valance, Self Reinforcement, Self-Reassurance, Punishment, Appraisal

1.I found this whole reading to be very interesting and thought provoking. I especially took interest in the fact that every behavior we do there is an antecedent and a consequence. It seems simple but I personally have never taken the time to come to this conclusion on my own. Continuing on the same topic, the reading also stated that we are, for the most part, aware when the consequence is surprising or unpleasant. This is because the consequence affects us in a more direct way and that is noticeable.
2.Since the whole concept of the ABC’s is a new topic for me, I couldn’t find anything that I enjoyed learning about the least. I could understand if I had already had previous information about this is subject to be a bit dull, but I honestly found everything very interesting.
3.Now that I have thought about how antecedent, behavior, and consequences and how I use this system in my everyday life, I can easily relate this to how a child grows up into being an adult. How this child was cared for plays a major part in how their attachment style is going to be, and how they are going to care for their child, and so on and so forth.
4.The first thing that I thought of after I read this section was buying a car. This past summer I worked four jobs with 55-60 hour work weeks. I had to do this in order to get the money to pay for a car. At the end of summer I finally had enough money to buy my own car and pay for a good chunk of my college. The other example from my life is me setting my alarm clock at night so I can wake up on time for class the next morning.
5.A few topics that I found interesting in this reading is the definitions and examples for self-reinforcement, reinforcement, and punishment. Before going into depth in this reading, I was very confused about what the difference between reinforcement and punishment is.
6.Once again, the information in this reading was a new to me so I found it all interesting.
7.This section can be related to the previous reading, section 1.1. The sequence of events is carried over into the topics that were discussed in this reading. After reading the correct definitions for the terms used in this reading, I can now recognize and remember using self-reinforcement in my psychology class in high school.
8.My 8 year old nephew always wipes is hands on his shirt after eating, so I told him every meal that he eats and uses his napkin he gets a quarter. So far I have given him five dollars in quarters and he uses his napkin every time he eats a meal with me. Another example is I am trying to workout more and become physically fit. This summer I tried to eat healthy and exercise a couple times a week, and I have been seeing some results. This is an example of self-reinforcement.
9.Each time I do an assignment for behavior modification I learn more about how this is related to my life, and how I can better understand what this class is about.
10.Terms: antecedent, behavior, consequences, self-reinforcement, reinforcement, punishment

1) I found it interesting how all of our behaviors can be influenced directly by such a simple antecedent, and also how our behaviors can change depending on the other contributing factors from the antecedent and the consequence.
2) Since all of this information was new to me, I really did not have a least interesting part. It was all very interesting to me.
3) I knew that there was always a set of action/reaction ways that people behaved, but I did not really connect it with the occasion or antecedents that we are put in. I have only really thought of these concepts while in class and never thought of myself doing them every day all the time.
4) I am now aware of why I may have a certain behavior I emit during a type of occasion, such as how I act in class versus at home (quiet and polite versus loud and expressive). I have also learned that if there is only one factor, there can be many possible outcomes. The same relates to how I encounter situations every day. If someone doesn't hold the door for me, I may say something about it and become irritated, and that may cause them to react as well, either in a pleasurable or aversive way.

Section 1.2
5) I found the information on valence very interesting. I had never heard of the term before but once I understood what it meant, I could easily relate it to my life and how it coincides with a lot of pleasurable and aversive things I experience in my life.
6) I found punishing the least interesting mostly because I already knew of it and how it might look. It was still very interesting but I had already known of it and experienced it when I was younger. And to be quite frank, I was definitely not fond of it when I was younger. Although now looking back, I know that it was needed.
7) I knew of punishing and reinforcing because of my child development class and I know how to apply it because of my younger siblings.
8) The punishment part definitely related to my siblings and how I use techniques to make them modify their bad behaviors by taking away their toys. And an instance of reinforcing in my life is when I was younger, I used to play violin but didn't like to practice. So to get me to practice, my mother would tell me I would get a piece of dessert before supper, like a piece of brownie or a cookie. By giving me an incentive, I practiced.
9) I feel like it has influenced my thoughts about behavior modification because it has shown me terms that I was somewhat familiar with but have never known exactly what it was or how to apply it. And it has also shown me all of my behaviors and how I can change myself.

1. In section 1.1 I found it interesting how little we notice what causes our behaviors. I had to take a moment and think about why I do certain things in my daily life and what caused these behaviors. Once I took a step back and looked at it from a different perspective I could see how different experiences shaped my behavior is certain situations.
2.All of the information that I read was interesting to me because I'm coming into this class without much prior knowledge on the subject.
3.I did already know that there's an antecedent before a behavior and then a consequence. People will modify their behavior based on what they have experienced in the past.
4. A good way that this section relates to me is the antecedent, I often think of my actions first and weigh my options. For example if I'm tired, if I took a nap I'll have less time to do homework and will end up staying up late that evening. Or maybe I don't take a nap and have time to workout and do homework. It also made me realize how past experiences could have caused me to act the way that I do now, I used to think maybe I was just shy in a new environment but maybe something previously made me unsure of being myself right away in a new place.
5.It was interesting to learn that punishment can involve something desirable to an individual and reinforcement can involve something aversive, to me these terms wouldn't go together ever but with the explanation in this section it makes sense. I learned what valence meant and I had never heard of this term before. I also learned the difference between positive and negative reinforcers and punishers, this is new to me and I'm sure I will have to pause and think about these carefully throughout the semester.
6.Most of this information was new to me as well, but the least interesting thing to me was reinforcers because I already had a general idea of what it consisted of.
7.I knew that a good way to change a bad behavior was to use a punishment or a reinforcer but that it would depend on the individual and the situation.
8.The punishment and reinforcing related to my life because my sisters and I taught our dog tricks and how to behave. We had to use both tactics in order for us to get the best results. I also see the punishment in my self because I tell myself if I don't do such and such then I can't do this, or I can't have something. Most of the time it works for me.
9.I didn't realize how much went into it all. To me it seemed like a straight line but everything is intertwined and you need to think everything through in order to be successful.
10. Terms: punisher, reinforcer, valence, antecedent, behavior, consequence, aversive, desirable, positive, negative

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
ABC’s stands foe Antecedents/behaviors/consequences. I think in my first post called in ascendants. This is interesting because now I understand that an antecedent is the environment the behavior and the consequences comes from the behavior.
My favorite example was the one where the person was on the street corner and then raised their hand. I laughed.
2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
This is a tough question, because was really any of it interesting? Besides the street corner example.
3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I knew that a behavior was an action that could bear consequences either good or bad. This chapter confirmed that for me and then added the antecedent, or environment the behavior takes place in.
4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
I can relate to when it stated that most people do not know what precedes a behavior that could cause the consequence. We are very unaware of our actions from each minute and in order to change one’s behavior.
After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.
5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
I find the example very entertaining. When a textbook refers to poop on a shoe, one must laugh. On a more serious note, I was interested to see that even though an action may have a negative outcome, one could self- reinforce, and continue the action. The example used in the book was telling a bad joke. Though no one laughed, I laughed at myself, thus making me tell more bad jokes ( this does not happen though).
6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
This section was very interesting, but I did not care for the wordiness. It is unavoidable, but doesn’t mean I like it. Repetition does help drill it into the brain though.
7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
As I have a four year old daughter who is a particular brand of sassy, I have been trying the punishment/ reinforcement approach on parenting for a few months now. So this was not a new aspect to me.
8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?
Lately, I have noticed a trend in her behavior when she receives a reward for good behavior. She does not respond well to punishment, in fact she will continue the behavior until she feels like stopping if a punishment is involved.
9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?
As my thought on behavior modification was completely blank, it has made me realize that this class is really going to be about changing a behavior. I am seriously like a kid in a candy store, because I would do just about anything to get a jump on some behaviors that my daughter exhibits and change them for the better. I could also use a few behavior changes as well. But ultimately (as I want to be a therapist), this is going to be a pivotal class for me as this will give me the foundations I need to assist others in behavioral modifications.
10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.
Antecedent
Reinforcement
Punishment
Consequence
Behavior
Self- Reinforcement.

Section 1.1

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
One of the questions in this section was, “Can you think of another situation or circumstance where emitting the exact same behavior, telling the exact same joke, might lead to a totally different consequence?” I found this interesting to contemplate. It was easy for me to fill in the consequences myself, although one could come up with a number of different consequences for each example. I wondered how different people would fill them in. For example, with the joke at the funeral--a child’s response could be, a “spanking.” Furthermore, would someone with a mental illness respond the same way as me, or what consequence could they come up with? Would a foreigner respond the same way, or would they have a different standard of behavior at a funeral?

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I wish there were more of an emphasis on the “ABC’s” being a “basis of behavior modification.” I think most people would miss that last bullet there at the end, and assume that the “ABC’s” are just constrictive to the idea of behavior.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously? Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I’ve learned about behavior modification already. Also, I’ve had my own experiences to know how certain actions in certain places can produce specific consequences. Whether the consequences are pleasurable or aversive, we can usually predict the outcome of our actions.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

Of course, I can relate the “ABC’s” to everyday actions, or to any action for that matter. For example, I start my car>The car is running>I can drive the car.

I can also relate to manipulation. Although it is in our nature to automatically assume that manipulation is a bad thing, we learn from the text that we don’t actually have to look at it that way. We all know how to manipulate the consequences of a situation—how to try and change a behavior or antecedent to create the desired consequence.


Section 1.2

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?
The contrasting ideas of punishment and reinforcement were interesting to think about. It helped me think of my own environment and how I could apply these ideas to my own life. Changing a behavior of someone else or yourself may be as simple as knowing when and how to implicate these ideas. These also tie into manipulating behavior, as explained in Section 1.1; how we can manipulate in a good way—to help someone else convert a bad habit, help ourselves convert a bad habit (self-reinforcement), or for even selfish reasons.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?
I wish there had been included the behavioral effects of physical punishment. Although it is looked down upon, I think most of the current generations and older experienced some kind of physical punishment as children. I got “spankings” when necessary and soap/hot sauce in my mouth for swearing. I don’t feel scarred for life or hate my parents; I actually have a great respect for them. I am interested in why it is looked down upon now. I believe it would be relevant to include this kind of information to students, as some of us are already parents or will be parents, and it would be nice to be able to apply this information to our parenting.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously? Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.
I have previously learned about punishment and reinforcement. One example I can think of is from my psychology and law class. Jail time and rehabilitation are good examples of punishment and reinforcement, respectively.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I can think of times when I have used manipulation tactics, whether they be for a good cause or for selfish reasons. For example, catching your parents or your boss in a good mood on purpose in order to ask a favor.

Also, we can all probably relate to positive and negative valence. I can think of a few times where I was starting to like a guy… We were happy to be around each other and happy with the qualities in one another, so much that we could see a long term future together. However, spending more time together and moving in together turned the positive valence we had into negative. We saw more and more of each other to the point where things turned negative.

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

These sections have confirmed what I already have learned about behavior modification. I have learned about consequences, punishment, manipulation, and reinforcement through other classes, as well as through my own environment and life experiences.


Terms: Antecedent, Pleasurable, Aversive, Behavior Modification, Consequence, Manipulation, Punishment, Reinforcement, Self-Reinforcement, Positive Valence, Negative Valence

1. The thing I liked about this particular section was how it explained and broke down the ABC’s to where I was easily able to understand them. The write in boxes with examples helped to better understand the ABC’s and to see the relationship between the antecedent behavior and consequence. It was nice to read about what behavior modification was in simple everyday terms rather than psychological jargon.

2. One thing that I didn’t like about this section where a few of the examples, they just seemed to be simple and not as realistic as they could have been, but I understand for the introduction into this course that the examples needed to be easy to understand and that future examples will get harder and more realistic the more in depth we get into behavior modification.

3. One of the three things I will remember and take away from this section would be how important the antecedent is. The antecedent is very important for establishing the different types of behaviors that will follow and the example of telling a joke at a party and then at a funeral helped to understand why antecedents are so important. The second thing I took away from this section was the discussion about using different vocabulary to replace the words positive and negative. Positive refers to adding something and negative refers to the removal of something therefore to replace their common usage it is important to use pleasurable and aversive. The last thing I will remember from this section is that antecedents set the occasion for a behavior. The behaviors that are emitted will then elicit a pleasurable or aversive consequence not a positive or negative one.

4. I liked having the boxes there to fill out to help you write out punishments and reinforcements which helps make me come up with ideas of my own. I think that the repetition of writing down different examples helped me to retain the main concepts and ideas about these two reading sections.

5. I could not really find anything about this section that I did not like. I mean the only thing I can really think of would be some of the vocabulary and continually trying to remember what each word means but with enough exposure to the vocabulary my ability to remember the words will be fluid and automatic.

6. One of the things I will remember from this section are the reinforcer and punisher as well as the reinforcement and punishment and how these differ from each other. Reinforcers increase the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future and punishers decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring in the future. When a reinforcer causes a behavior to increase it is called reinforcement and the same goes for when a punisher causes a behavior to decrease it is called punishment. Another key aspect that I took away from this section was that punishment can have pleasurable characteristics and that reinforcement can also have aversive characteristics. The last thing I remember from this reading section was that valence is an important term to understand and that it is defined as the psychological value placed on people, places, or things.

7. Before I read this first two sections about behavior modification I first thought that this was a course designed to better understand ways to change a person’s behavior and the different ways to change it. I thought that this was probably used more for research purposes and not really used in the real world. I did not really know what else it was going to be about.

8. It was surprising to read about the different number of terms that are used in behavior modification when it seems so much easier to use every day language. I was wrong when I thought it was mainly used in research and academia and in fact is used every day by pretty much everybody with most not being consciously aware of doing it or being subjected to it.

9. Terms: Behavior Modification, Reinforcement, Punishment, Punisher, Reinforcer, Valence, Pleasurable, Aversive, Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence, ABCs, Emit, Elicit

1) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

In this section I found the three parts to behavior, the ABCs themselves to be the most interesting. I liked the example about telling a joke at a funeral. It's something that I just know not to do, but I have never thought about. I found this interesting because it made me think of a lot more situations in which a behavior we emit every day could have two different consequences. I liked how the antecedent could be the same or different, or the behavior could change and there could be a number of different consequences.

2) What did you find least interesting? Why?

I honestly found pretty much everything in this section interesting. The only thing that I lost interest in as filling out the boxes about the behaviors I emit.

3) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

This section took things in knew or knew of and made sense of them for me. I knew that behaviors had consequences, but I never actually thought about all of the behaviors people do. Even the small things have consequences.

4) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

One thing that I can relate to my life is the funeral example. I know not to do things like tell jokes at a funeral, because if I did I would get a sour look. (Basically how to react in different situations)

Another thing I can relate to my life is being around people that have done things such as tell a joke at a funeral. Reading this made me think of people i have seen act "out of the normal" or unacceptably.

After reading section 1.2, please respond to the following questions.

5) What did you find interesting in the section? Why?

In this section I found the the importance of reinforcement interesting. I grew up in a house where punishment greatly outweighed reinforcement. I think being positive reinforcement and praise is a much better method than punishment.

6) What did you find least interesting? Why?

Just like the previous section I didn't really find anything that wasn't very interesting to me.

7) How does the section relate to what you already knew/learned previously?
Note: This can be from previous chapters or from other classes, etc.

This relates to what I know because growing up in a house hold with little positive reinforcement and a lot of punishment made me want to do thing differently. I have a puppy and I have been trying to use positive reinforcement to train him. Sometimes its hard but I notice he learns quicker and easier with positive reinforcement.

8) Based on what you read from this section, what are two things that relate to your life? How so?

I can relate the positive reinforcement to my life by how I am trying to train my puppy. I can relate the punishment to my life by my mom's parenting. (I make her sound horrible haha.. she was just really really strict and if something was not done perfect we were always in big trouble)

9) How has reading these sections influenced what you originally thought about behavior modification? How so?

reading these sections made me even more interested in behavior modification. at first i was interested but now that i can relate more to some of the content it spiked my interest.

10) Once you are done with your post make list of the terms and terminology you used in your post and put them at the bottom of your post.

behavior, consequence, emit, (positive) reinforcement, punishment

1.The one thing that I really liked that was in this section is the fact that all behavior can be explained through the ABC’s which are Antecedent, Behavior and Consequences. This is very interesting to think of especially when thinking of what we do on a regular basis. This put my daily behaviors into a perspective that got me thinking about the classification of behaviors and why we elicit certain behaviors. The reason being that it put all my daily behaviors into perspective especially when I start analyzing what I do on a regular basis.
2. The thing that I didn’t like that much was how we decide what is a behavior and a behavior class because it is not as simple as I thought it to be. This makes it a bit hard to decide what is actually a behavior and not a behavior class because a behavior class can be divided into many behaviors. However after understanding how behaviors and behavioral classes is simply a difference between the broader term of a behavior and the more specific one, it made much more sense.
3. The three things that I will remember are the process in determining the consequences, the ABC’s of behavior and the difference between a behavior and a behavior class. This is because of the amount of repetition required to remember all these things. It took me a lot of time examining the behaviors I emit and I finally understood it clearly.
4. The one thing that I liked about this section is the definitions of reinforcement and punishment. Because in behavior modification, these words mean something else. Reinforcement is used to increase the frequency of behavior and punishment is a procedure to decrease the frequency of behavior. I am planning to use these methods of behavior modification to change some of my behaviors.
5. The one thing that I disliked about this section is the usage of verb, noun and adjective. Because it can get confusing.
6. Three things that I will remember from what I read are what is reinforcement, punishment, and the positive and negative valences. Because of doing the activities of writing three sentences that shows examples of what it means.
7. Prior to reading these sections I always thought that behavior modification was just behavior and consequences. This is because I never thought the antecedent mattered in manipulating behavior.
8. Reading this sections made me realize that behavior modification is not only about manipulating behavior. It also shows us that all behaviors that happen on a daily basis are related to an antecedent that has consequences be it positive or negative.
9. The terms that I used: Antecedent, Behavior, Consequences, Reinforcement, Punishment, Positive valences, negative valences, frequency, elicit, emit.

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